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hive sql多表练习

article 2024/11/14 21:55:00

hive sql多表练习

准备原始数据集

学生表 student.csv
讲师表 teacher.csv
课程表 course.csv
分数表 score.csv

学生表 student.csv

001,彭于晏,1995-05-16,男
002,胡歌,1994-03-20,男
003,周杰伦,1995-04-30,男
004,刘德华,1998-08-28,男
005,唐国强,1993-09-10,男
006,陈道明,1992-11-12,男
007,陈坤,1999-04-09,男
008,吴京,1994-02-06,男
009,郭德纲,1992-12-05,男
010,于谦,1998-08-23,男
011,潘长江,1995-05-27,男
012,杨紫,1996-12-21,女
013,蒋欣,1997-11-08,女
014,赵丽颖,1990-01-09,女
015,刘亦菲,1993-01-14,女
016,周冬雨,1990-06-18,女
017,范冰冰,1992-07-04,女
018,李冰冰,1993-09-24,女
019,邓紫棋,1994-08-31,女
020,宋丹丹,1991-03-01,女

讲师表 teacher.csv

1001,张高数
1002,李体音
1003,王子文
1004,刘丽英

课程表 course.csv

01,语文,1003
02,数学,1001
03,英语,1004
04,体育,1002
05,音乐,1002

分数表 score.csv

创建数据库和数据表

create database chap05;
use chap05;

-- 学生表 student.csv
create external table student (
	stu_id string comment '学生ID',
	stu_name string comment '学生姓名',
    birthday string comment '出生日期',
    gender string comment '学生性别'
)
 row format delimited fields terminated by ','
 lines terminated by '\n'
 stored as textfile
 location '/quiz03/student';

load data local inpath '/root/data/data02/student.csv' overwrite into table student;

select * from student;

-- 讲师表 teacher.csv
create external table teacher (
	tea_id string comment '课程ID',
	tea_name string comment '课程名称'
)
 row format delimited fields terminated by ','
 lines terminated by '\n'
 stored as textfile
 location '/quiz03/teacher';

load data local inpath '/root/data/data02/teacher.csv' overwrite into table teacher;

select * from teacher;

-- 课程表 course.csv
create external table course (
	course_id string comment '课程ID',
	course_name string comment '课程名称',
    tea_id string comment '讲师ID'
)
 row format delimited fields terminated by ','
 lines terminated by '\n'
 stored as textfile
 location '/quiz03/course';

load data local inpath '/root/data/data02/course.csv' overwrite into table course;

select * from course;

-- 分数表 score.csv
create external table score (
	stu_id string comment '学生ID',
	course_id string comment '课程ID',
    score int comment '成绩'
)
 row format delimited fields terminated by ','
 lines terminated by '\n'
 stored as textfile
 location '/quiz03/score';

load data local inpath '/root/data/data02/score.csv' overwrite into table score;

SQL练习

-- 查询所有学生信息
select * from student;

-- 查询周姓学生信息
select * from student where stu_name like '周%';

-- 查询周姓学生数量
select count(*) from student where stu_name like '周%';

-- 查询 学生ID 004 的分数 超过 85 的成绩
select stu.stu_id, stu_name, birthday, gender, course_id, score from student stu inner join score s
   on stu.stu_id = 004 and stu.stu_id = s.stu_id and score > 85;

-- 查询 学生程ID 004 的成绩降序
select stu.stu_id, stu_name, birthday, gender, course_id, score from student stu inner join score s
   on stu.stu_id = 004  and  stu.stu_id = s.stu_id order by score desc;

-- 查询 数学成绩不及格学生及其对应的成绩 学生成绩
select stu.stu_id, stu_name, birthday, gender, course_name, score from student stu
    inner join score s inner join course c on s.course_id = c.course_id and  stu.stu_id = s.stu_id
    and c.course_name = '数学' and score < 60 order by score;

-- 查询男女生人数
select gender,count(*) from student group by gender;

-- 查询编号为 02 的课程平均成绩
select round(avg(score),2) from score where course_id = 02;

-- 查询每科课程平均成绩
select course_id,round(avg(score),2) from score group by course_id;

-- 查询参加考试学生人数
select count(distinct stu_id) from score where score is not null and score >= 0;
select count(stu_id) from (select stu_id from score where score is not null and score >= 0 group by stu_id) t;

-- 查询每科有多少学生参加考试
select course_id,count(stu_id) from score where score is not null and score >= 0 group by course_id;

-- 查询未参加考试的学生信息
select * from student where stu_id in (
    select stu.stu_id from student stu
        left join score s on stu.stu_id = s.stu_id
        group by stu.stu_id having count(*) != (select count(*) from course)
);

-- 查询选修至少 4 门 以上课程学生的学号
select stu_id,count(course_id) course_count from score
 group by stu_id
 having course_count >= 4;

-- 查询姓氏相同学生名单 并且同姓人数大于 2 的姓氏
select first_name ,count(*) first_name_count from (
 select stu_id,stu_name,substr(stu_name,1,1) as first_name
 from student
) ts
 group by ts.first_name
 having first_name_count > 1;

-- 查询每门功课的学生的平均成绩 按照平均成绩升序 平均成绩相同按照课程编号降序
select course_id, avg(score) avg_score
 from score
 group by course_id
 order by avg_score,course_id desc;

-- 统计参加考试人数大于等于 15 的学科
select course_id,count(*) as stu_count from score group by course_id having stu_count > 15;

-- 查询学生总成绩并按照总成绩降序排序
select stu_id, sum(score) sum_score
 from score
 group by stu_id
 order by sum_score desc;

-- 按照指定格式显示 stu_id 语文 数学 英语 选课数 平均成绩
select
 s.stu_id,
 sum(`if`(c.course_name='语文',score,0)) as `语文`,
 sum(`if`(c.course_name='数学',score,0)) as `数学`,
 sum(`if`(c.course_name='英语',score,0)) as `英语`,
 count(s.course_id) as `选课数`,
 avg(s.score) as `平均成绩`
 from course c left join score s
 on c.course_id = s.course_id
 group by s.stu_id
 order by `平均成绩` desc;

-- 查询一共参加了三门功课且其中一门为语文的学生id 和 姓名
select s.stu_id,stu_name from
(select t1.stu_id ,count(t1.course_id) course_count  from
	(select stu_id,course_id from score
		where stu_id in ( select stu_id from score where course_id = "01")
	) t1 group by  t1.stu_id having course_count >=3
) t2 join student s on t2.stu_id = s.stu_id;
-- 分解
-- 查询该学生的姓名
select s.stu_id,stu_name from
-- 成绩表中学习科目数量 >=3 科的学生
(select t1.stu_id ,count(t1.course_id) course_count  from
 	--  报名了语文的学生还报名了那些学科
	(select stu_id,course_id from score
		where stu_id in (
            -- 查询报名了语文的学生ID
            select stu_id from score where course_id = "01"
        )
	) t1 group by  t1.stu_id having course_count >=3
) t2 join student s on t2.stu_id = s.stu_id;

-- 查询两门以上的课程不及格学生的学号及其平均成绩
-- 1、先按照学生分组 过滤出成绩低于60的数量 大于1
-- 2、计算所有学生的平均成绩
-- 3、两个子查询相互join
select  t1.stu_id,t2.avg_score from
(select stu_id, sum(if(score < 60, 1, 0)) as result from score group by stu_id having result > 1) t1
 left join
(select stu_id,avg(score) as avg_score from score group by stu_id) t2 on t1.stu_id =t2.stu_id;

-- 查询所有学生的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩
select
    stu.stu_id,stu.stu_name,count(s.course_id) count_course ,nvl(sum(s.score),0) total_score
from student stu left join score s on stu.stu_id = s.stu_id
group by stu.stu_id, stu.stu_name order by stu.stu_id;

-- 平均成绩大于 85 的所有学生的学号、姓名、平均成绩
select
    stu.stu_id,stu.stu_name ,nvl(avg(s.score),0) as `avg_score`
from student stu left join score s on stu.stu_id = s.stu_id
group by stu.stu_id, stu.stu_name having nvl(avg(s.score),0) > 85 order by stu.stu_id

-- 查询学生的选课情况：学号，姓名，课程号，课程名称
select student.stu_id,student.stu_name,c.course_id,c.course_name from student
right join score s on student.stu_id = s.stu_id
left join course c on s.course_id = c.course_id

-- 查询学生的没有选课情况：学号，姓名
select stu_id,stu_name from
(
select student.stu_id,student.stu_name, s.course_id from student
left join score s on student.stu_id = s.stu_id
left join course c on s.course_id = c.course_id
) t where course_id is null

-- 查询出每门课程的及格人数和不及格人数
select c.course_id,course_name,pass,fail
from course c join
(
select
 course_id,sum(if(score >= 60,1,0)) as `pass`, sum(if(score < 60,1,0)) as `fail`
 from score group by course_id
) t on c.course_id = t.course_id

-- 查询课程编号为03且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名及课程信息
select t1.stu_id,s.stu_name,t1.course_id,c.course_name,t1.score from
(select * from score where course_id = '03' and score > 80) t1
left join student s on s.stu_id = t1.stu_id
left join course c on t1.course_id = c.course_id

-- 查询语文成绩低于平均分数的学生是谁，教师是谁
select t3.stu_id,t3.stu_name,t3.`avg_score`,t.tea_name from
(select t2.stu_id,t2.`avg_score`,s.stu_name,t2.course_id,c.tea_id from
    (select t1.stu_id,t1.course_id,t1.`avg_score` from
        (select stu_id,s.course_id, avg(score) as `avg_score` from score s right join
         (select course_id from course where course_name = '语文') t1 on t1.course_id = s.course_id
         group by stu_id,s.course_id) t1
        where t1.`avg_score` < (select avg(score) as `avg_score` from score s right join (select course_id from course where course_name = '语文') t1 on t1.course_id = s.course_id)
    ) t2 left join student s on t2.stu_id = s.stu_id
    left join course c on t2.course_id = c.course_id
)t3 left join teacher t on t3.tea_id = t.tea_id;

-- 查询所有学生总成绩和平均成绩，
-- 且他们的总成绩低于平均成绩的有多少个人，
-- 高于平均成绩的有多少人，
-- 低于平均成绩的男生和女生分别有多少人，
-- 且他们的任课老师是谁。

-- 统计各科成绩各分数段人数：课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-75],[70-60],[0-60]及所占百分比
select c.course_id, course_name, a, b, c, d from course c left join (
    select course_id,
       concat(round((sum(`if`(score >= 85,1,0)) / count(*)) * 100,2), '%') as a,
       concat(round((sum(`if`(score between 75 and 84,1,0)) / count(*)) * 100,2), '%') as b,
       concat(round((sum(`if`(score between 60 and 74,1,0)) / count(*)) * 100,2), '%') as c,
       concat(round((sum(`if`(score < 60,1,0)) / count(*)) * 100,2), '%') as d
    from score group by course_id
) t on t.course_id = c.course_id;

-- 查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分，以如下形式显示：
-- 课程ID，课程name，最高分，最低分，平均分，中下率，中等率，优良率，优秀率
-- 及格为>=60，中等为：70-80，优良为：80-90，优秀为：>=90
select c.course_id, course_name, `最高分`,`最低分`,`平均分`,`优秀率`, `优良率`, `中等率`, `中下率`,`芸芸众生` from course c left join (
    select course_id,
           max(score) `最高分`,
           min(score) `最低分`,
           round(avg(score),2) `平均分`,
       concat(round((sum(`if`(score >= 90,1,0)) / count(*)) * 100,2), '%') as `优秀率`,
       concat(round((sum(`if`(score between 80 and 89,1,0)) / count(*)) * 100,2), '%') as `优良率`,
       concat(round((sum(`if`(score between 70 and 79,1,0)) / count(*)) * 100,2), '%') as `中等率`,
       concat(round((sum(`if`(score between 60 and 69,1,0)) / count(*)) * 100,2), '%') as `中下率`,
       concat(round((sum(`if`(score < 60,1,0)) / count(*)) * 100,2), '%') as `芸芸众生`
    from score group by course_id
) t on t.course_id = c.course_id;

-- 查询每门课程的男生和女生的比例是多少
select t1.course_id,t1.gender, concat(round((count_gender / count_course_student) * 100,2), '%') as proportion from
    (select course_id,gender,count(*) count_gender from score s1 inner join student s2 on s1.stu_id = s2.stu_id group by course_id,gender) t1
    inner join
    (select course_id,count(*) count_course_student from score s1 inner join student s2 on s1.stu_id = s2.stu_id group by course_id) t2
    on t2.course_id = t1.course_id;

-- 每门学科的成绩是男生比较优一些还是女生比较优一些，并且每门课程的最高分是谁。
select battle_t.course_id,male_avg_score, female_avg_score, battle, max_stu_id,min_stu_id, max_score, min_score from
    (select male_t.course_id,round(male_avg_score,2) male_avg_score,round(female_avg_score,2) female_avg_score,
           case
               when male_avg_score > female_avg_score then '男性优秀'
               when male_avg_score < female_avg_score then '女性优秀'
               else '势均力敌'
           end battle
        from
        (select course_id,avg(score) male_avg_score from score s1 inner join student s2 on s1.stu_id = s2.stu_id and gender = '男' group by course_id) male_t
        inner join
        (select course_id,avg(score) female_avg_score from score s1 inner join student s2 on s1.stu_id = s2.stu_id and gender = '女' group by course_id) female_t
        on male_t.course_id = female_t.course_id) battle_t
    inner join
    (select max_t.course_id,max_t.stu_id max_stu_id,max_score,min_t.stu_id min_stu_id,min_score from
        (select stu_id, s.course_id, max_score from score s
                inner join
                (select course_id, max(score) max_score from score group by course_id) t
                on s.course_id = t.course_id and max_score = score) max_t
        full join
        (select stu_id, s.course_id, min_score from score s
                inner join
                (select course_id,min(score) min_score from score group by course_id) t
                on s.course_id = t.course_id and min_score = score) min_t
        on max_t.course_id = min_t.course_id) info
    on battle_t.course_id = info.course_id;

-- 课程编号为"01"且课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的学生信息

select s.stu_id, stu.stu_name, stu.birthday, stu.gender,s.score
    from score s join student stu on s.stu_id = stu.stu_id
    where s.score < 60  order by s.score desc;

-- 查询所有课程成绩在70分以上的学生的姓名、课程名称和分数，按分数升序
select stu.stu_name, c.course_name, s2.score
    from student stu join
    (select s.stu_id, sum(`if`(s.score >= 70, 0, 1)) as `is_ok` from score s group by s.stu_id having is_ok = 0) t1
    on stu.stu_id = t1.stu_id left join score s2 on stu.stu_id = s2.stu_id left join course c on s2.course_id = c.course_id
    order by s2.score;

-- 查询某学生不同课程的成绩相同的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩
select s1.stu_id,collect_list(s1.course_id) as course_id,collect_set(s1.score) as score
    from score s1 join score s2 on s1.stu_id = s2.stu_id
    and s1.course_id != s2.course_id
    and s1.score == s2.score
	group by s1.stu_id;

分组排序取TopN

查询各科成绩前五名的学生

select a.course_id,a.stu_id,a.score from score a
    left join score b
    on a.course_id = b.course_id and a.score <= b.score
    group by a.stu_id,a.course_id,a.score
    having count(a.stu_id) <=5
    order by a.course_id,a.score desc;

select S1.course_id,s1.stu_id,s1.score from score s1 where
    (select count(*) from score s2
        where s2.course_id=s1.course_id AND s2.score > s1.score
        ) <= 5 order by s1.course_id,s1.score desc;

row_number

row_number() over () 连续序号
over()里头的分组以及排序的执行晚于 where 、group by、order by 的执行。

select * from
    (select course_id, stu_id,  score,
        row_number() over (partition by course_id order by score desc ) as mum
        from score) t where mum <= 5;

rank

rank() over () 排名跳跃排序序号不是连续的

select * from
    (select course_id, stu_id,  score,
        rank() over (partition by course_id order by score desc ) as mum
        from score) t where mum <= 5;

dense_rank

dense_rank() over () 排名连续排序

select * from
    (select course_id, stu_id,  score,
        dense_rank() over (partition by course_id order by score desc ) as mum
        from score) t where mum <= 5;