使用Java网络编程,窗口,线程,IO,内部类等实现多人在线聊天1.0

1.整体思路

思路图

整体思路如上: 涉及知识点:线程+网络编程+集合+IO等

TCP 协议

 2.代码实现过程

服务端

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;

public class Server extends JFrame {//继承窗口来实现窗口功能
    /*设置接受客户端的集合,把接入服务器的客户端存入集合,方便后续的消息转发*/
    ArrayList<Socket> socketsClients = new ArrayList<>();

    /*由于下面线程需要调用窗口的一些东西,所以需要全局变量*/
    JTextArea jTextArea;
    JTextArea jTextSend = new JTextArea(30,20);//只能设置几列
    JButton jButtonSend = new JButton("发送") ;
    public Server() {
        //创建服务器窗口 一些列属性
        //主面板
        JPanel priorPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());

        //显示消息
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);//关闭窗口结束程序
        this.setTitle("来自客户端的消息");
        this.setSize(500, 500);
        jTextArea = new JTextArea();//显示客户端的信息
        jTextArea.setEditable(false);//不可以修改 面板信息

        JScrollPane clientInformation = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);

        priorPanel.add(clientInformation,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        //写一个发布公告的窗口
        JPanel sendPanel = new JPanel();//默认流式布局
        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextSend);
        jScrollPane.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(400,50));

        sendPanel.add(jScrollPane);
        sendPanel.add(jButtonSend);
        priorPanel.add(sendPanel,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.add(priorPanel);

        //创建监听发送键 
        jButtonSend.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
        /*用来对每个客户端发送公告*/

            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                String announcement = "来自服务器的公告:"+jTextSend.getText()+"\n";
                //把公告发布到聊天界面
                jTextArea.append(announcement);

                /*使用for循环来遍历每个客户端的对象*/
                for(Socket soc:socketsClients){
                    DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = null;
                    try {
                        dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(soc.getOutputStream());
                        dataOutputStream.writeUTF(announcement+"\n");
                    } catch (IOException ioException) {
                        ioException.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
                jTextSend.setText(null);
            }
        });


        this.setVisible(true);
//===================================================================================
//以上为窗口的创建,下面为功能的实现
        try {
            //创建服务器对象 设置端口
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9998);
            
            //使用无限循环来不停接受客户端的连接
            while(true){
                Socket socketClient = serverSocket.accept();

                //接收到一个就向集合加入一个客户端
                socketsClients.add(socketClient);
                //就收一个连接就在后台提示一遍
                System.out.println("有"+socketsClients.size()+"个邓钦文连接到服务器!");
                
                //然后启动该客户端的线程  线程的实现则需要我们使用内部类
                new SocketThread(socketClient).start();
            }

            //处理客户端输入的东西

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.out.println("服务器启动失败!");
        }


    }
    //创建监听

    //创建内部类 线程
    class SocketThread extends Thread{
        DataInputStream dataInputStream;
        Socket socket;
        /*构建方法 传入当前客户的连接*/
        public SocketThread(Socket socket) throws IOException {
        /*接受客户端的输入流*/
            dataInputStream = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
            this.socket = socket;
        }
        /*重写run方法 来实现对客户端的操作方法*/
        @Override
        public void run() {
            while(true){
                try {

                    String msg = dataInputStream.readUTF();
                    /*读取客户端的信息 并打印到自己的窗口上*/
                    jTextArea.append(msg+"\n");
                    //给每一个客户端发送信息  实现群聊的效果
                    for(Socket soc:socketsClients){
                        DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(soc.getOutputStream());
                        dataOutputStream.writeUTF(msg+"\n");
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    System.out.println("读取失败!");
                    socketsClients.remove(socket);
                    return;
                }

            }
        }


    }

}

客户端

登录界面

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;

public class EnterFrame extends JFrame {
    public EnterFrame() throws HeadlessException {

        this.setSize(600,500);
        this.setTitle("欢迎登录");
        this.setResizable(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);//关闭窗口结束程序
        this.setLocationRelativeTo(this);


        JPanel jPanelLast = new JPanel(new GridLayout(4,1));

        //头顶部分
        JPanel jPanelTop = new JPanel();

        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("欢迎登录");

        jLabel.setFont(new Font("宋体",Font.BOLD,30));

        //中间部分
        JPanel jPanelMiddle = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1,0,0));

        JPanel jPanelAccount = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
        
          //账号密码输入端
        JLabel jLabelAccount = new JLabel("账号");
        JTextField jTextFieldAccount = new JTextField(15);
        jPanelAccount.add(jLabelAccount);
        jPanelAccount.add(jTextFieldAccount);



        JPanel jPanelPassword = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
        JLabel jLabelPassword = new JLabel("密码");
        JPasswordField jTextFieldPassword = new JPasswordField(15);
        jPanelPassword.add(jLabelPassword);
        jPanelPassword.add(jTextFieldPassword);
        //底部  登录按钮端
        JPanel jPanelFoot = new JPanel();

        JPanel jPanelButton = new JPanel(new FlowLayout());
        JButton enterButton = new JButton("登录");
        JButton signButton = new JButton("注册");
        jPanelButton.add(enterButton);
        jPanelButton.add(signButton);

        jPanelTop.add(jLabel);
        jPanelMiddle.add(jPanelAccount);
        jPanelMiddle.add(jPanelPassword);
        jPanelFoot.add(jPanelButton);

        jPanelLast.add(jPanelTop);
        jPanelLast.add(jPanelMiddle);
        jPanelLast.add(jPanelFoot);


        this.add(jPanelLast);
        this.setVisible(true);
//================================================================================
//以上为登录界面窗口的设计  可以自己设计

//设计监听事件  来判断用户的读取
        enterButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {

            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.判断不能为空
                if(jTextFieldAccount.getText().length()<=0||jTextFieldPassword.getText().length()<=0) {
                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "输入的账号或密码为空!");
                    return;
                }
//2.输入只能为数字与字母
                if((jTextFieldAccount.getText().matches("[a-zA-Z0-9]*")&&jTextFieldPassword.getText().matches("[a-zA-Z0-9]*"))==false){
                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"输入的账号或密码只能为字母和数字");
                    return;
                }

//如果都满足了登录成功 创建 客户端对象 输入服务器地址 与端口  关闭登录界面

                try {
                    Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 9998);
                    new ChatFrame(jTextFieldAccount.getText(),socket);
                    dispose();//关闭了登录窗口
                } catch (IOException ioException) {
                    ioException.printStackTrace();
                    JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"无法连接服务器");
                }


            }
        });



    }



}

聊天界面

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

public class ChatFrame extends JFrame {
    JTextArea jTextArea;
    public ChatFrame(String account , Socket socket) throws HeadlessException {
        this.setSize(700, 600);
        this.setTitle("欢迎来到"+account+"聊天室");
        this.setResizable(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE);

        JPanel jPanelEnd = new JPanel( new BorderLayout());//最终面板

        jTextArea = new JTextArea();
        jTextArea.setEditable(false);
        JScrollPane jScrollPane1 = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
        jPanelEnd.add(jScrollPane1,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        JPanel jPanelInput = new JPanel();
        JTextArea jTextArea2 = new JTextArea(5,40);
        //带滑动的窗口
        JScrollPane jScrollPane2 = new JScrollPane(jTextArea2);//不能通过add加入,只能通过构造方法加入,这样不会出现不显示的问题


        jPanelInput.add(jScrollPane2);

        JButton jButtonSend = new JButton("发送");
        jPanelInput.add(jButtonSend);


        jPanelEnd.add(jPanelInput,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        this.add(jPanelEnd);

        try {
            new ClientThread(socket).start();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"发送错误");
        }
//关闭窗口,显示登录窗口
        this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("你确定要关闭我妈?");
                int res = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,"你确定要关闭我吗","操作提示",JOptionPane.OK_CANCEL_OPTION);
                if(res==0){
                    //点击确定
                    new EnterFrame();
                    dispose();//关闭当前对象
                }
            }
        });
        //监听发送事件
        try {
            DataOutputStream socketOutput = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
            String message = socketOutput.toString();
            jButtonSend.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {

                @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                    if(message.length()<=0){
                        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"输入消息不能为空!");
                        return;
                    }

                    String msg = account+" "+ new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM HH:mm:ss").format(new Date()) +"\n"+jTextArea2.getText();
                    try {
                        socketOutput.writeUTF(msg);
                        System.out.println(msg);
                        jTextArea2.setText("");

                    } catch (IOException ioException) {
                        ioException.printStackTrace();
                        JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null,"发生错误");
                    }
                }

            });

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        this.setVisible(true);
//=======================================================================================
//窗口的创建以及窗口功能的实现
    }

//创建内部列 创建客户端的线程,解决多个聊天窗口同时实现
    class ClientThread extends  Thread{
        DataInputStream inputStream;
        Socket socket;
        /*构造方法*/
        public ClientThread(Socket socket) throws IOException {
            inputStream = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
            this.socket = socket;
        }

        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                while(true){
            /*把接受的到信息添加到窗口中*/
                    String msg = inputStream.readUTF();
                    jTextArea.append(msg+"\n");
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return;
            }
        }
    }
}

启动程序

public class RunOfServer {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Server();
    }
}

public class RunOfClient {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new EnterFrame();
    }
}

3.实现结果

1.启动服务器

2.尝试启动 3个客户端  并登录

 3.测试消息发送接收以及公告发送功能.

4.总结

本次聊天室1.0的简单实现使用了 Java 的网络编程 IO 线程 异常的抛出 集合 内部类 GUI等 

希望指出错误并提供改进意见