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【Qt】QChart折线图

article 2024/11/13 23:34:27

引言

Qt绘图（Qt Charts）基于Qt的Graphics View架构，其核心组件是QChartView 和 QChart

QChartView是显示图标的视图，基类为QGraphicsView
QChart的基类是QGraphicsltem
可以看作是视图和数据分离，即ViewModel

QChartView

QChartView 是一个独立的小部件，继承于 QGraphicsView 类。它可以直接在用户界面中显示图表。这使得在应用程序中集成图表变得简单，而无需复杂的图形场景设置。

QChart

QChart是继承于QGraphicsWidget，可以在QGraphicsScene上显示，用来管理图表中的数据、图例、坐标轴等。

示例

// .h
#ifndef __WIDGET_H__
#define __WIDGET_H__

#include <QtWidgets/QWidget>

class Widget : public QWidget
{
public:
	Widget();
	~Widget();

public:
	void createLineSeries(const std::pair<QString, std::vector<int>>& pair);

private:
	class Impl;
	std::unique_ptr<Impl> impl_;
};

#endif // __WIDGET_H__

// .cpp
#include "Widget.h"

#include <QtCharts/QLineSeries>
#include <QtCharts/QChartView>
#include <QtCharts/QChart>
#include <QtCharts/QValueAxis>

#include <QVBoxLayout>

#include <algorithm>
#include <vector>

QT_CHARTS_USE_NAMESPACE

class Widget::Impl
{
public:
	Impl();
	~Impl() = default;

public:
	QChart *chart_ = nullptr;
};

Widget::Widget()
	:QWidget(),
	impl_(std::make_unique<Impl>())
{
	setFixedSize(1700, 800);
	setWindowTitle(u8"亮度对比折线图");
	//创建图表框架
	
	QVBoxLayout *lay = new QVBoxLayout;
	setLayout(lay);

	impl_->chart_ = new QChart();
	impl_->chart_->legend()->setAlignment(Qt::AlignRight);

	QChartView *charView = new QChartView(this);
	charView->setSizePolicy(QSizePolicy::Expanding, QSizePolicy::Expanding);
	charView->setChart(impl_->chart_);

	lay->addWidget(charView);
}

Widget::~Widget()
{
}

void Widget::createLineSeries(const std::pair<QString, std::vector<int>> &pair)
{
	QLineSeries *series = new QLineSeries();
	
	series->setName(pair.first);

	for (int i = 0, sz = pair.second.size(); i < sz; i++)
	{
		series->append(i, pair.second[i]);
	}

	impl_->chart_->addSeries(series);
	//impl_->chart_->createDefaultAxes();
	QValueAxis *axisY = new QValueAxis;
	axisY->setRange(50, 200);
	axisY->setTitleText(u8"像素值");
	axisY->setLabelFormat("%i");
	impl_->chart_->addAxis(axisY, Qt::AlignLeft);

	QValueAxis *axisX = new QValueAxis;
	axisX->setRange(0, pair.second.size());
	axisX->setTitleText(u8"序号");
	axisX->setLabelFormat("%i");
	impl_->chart_->addAxis(axisX, Qt::AlignBottom);

	series->attachAxis(axisX);
	series->attachAxis(axisY);

	auto allAxisX = impl_->chart_->axes(Qt::Horizontal);
	auto allAxisY = impl_->chart_->axes(Qt::Vertical);

	for (const auto it : allAxisX)
	{
		it->hide();
	}

	for (const auto it : allAxisY)
	{
		it->hide();
	}

	(*allAxisX.begin())->show();
	(*allAxisY.begin())->show();

	update();
}

Widget::Impl::Impl()
{
}