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HAProxy 安全配置

article 2024/10/1 11:06:55

在HAProxy案例中加入安全配置，可以参考以下步骤和示例配置。这个案例将展示如何在HAProxy中实现基本的安全措施，包括限制访问、启用HTTPS、配置HSTS以及使用ACLs进行细粒度控制。

1. 限制访问

使用ACLs来限制哪些IP地址或网络可以访问HAProxy服务。

frontend http_front
    bind *:80
    acl allowed_ips src 192.168.1.0/24
    http-request allow if allowed_ips
    http-request deny

2. 启用HTTPS

配置SSL/TLS证书来加密客户端和HAProxy之间的通信。

frontend https_front
    bind *:443 ssl crt /path/to/your/certificate.pem alpn h2,http/1.1
    default_backend https_back

3. 配置HSTS

启用HSTS头以防止协议降级攻击。

http-response set-header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains" if { ssl_fc }

4. 使用ACLs进行细粒度控制

通过ACLs实现更复杂的访问控制逻辑。

frontend https_front
    bind *:443 ssl crt /path/to/your/certificate.pem alpn h2,http/1.1
    acl is_admin path_beg /admin
    use_backend admin_backend if is_admin
    default_backend user_backend

backend admin_backend
    server admin_server 192.168.1.101:80 check

backend user_backend
    server user_server 192.168.1.102:80 check

5. 防止DDoS攻击

使用限速和连接数限制来减轻DDoS攻击的影响。

frontend https_front
    bind *:443 ssl crt /path/to/your/certificate.pem alpn h2,http/1.1
    limit_req zone=one burst=5 nodelay
    default_backend https_back

backend https_back
    balance roundrobin
    server web1 192.168.1.101:80 check
    server web2 192.168.1.102:80 check

完整示例配置

global
    log /dev/log local0
    maxconn 4096
    ssl-default-bind-ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-DSS-AES128-GCM-SHA256:kEDH+AESGCM:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES1:EECDH+AESGCM:EDH+AESGCM:AES256+EECDH:AES256+EDH

defaults
    log global
    mode http
    option httplog
    timeout connect 5000ms
    timeout client 50000ms
    timeout server 50000ms

frontend http_front
    bind *:80
    acl allowed_ips src 192.168.1.0/24
    http-request allow if allowed_ips
    http-request deny

frontend https_front
    bind *:443 ssl crt /path/to/your/certificate.pem alpn h2,http/1.1
    acl is_admin path_beg /admin
    use_backend admin_backend if is_admin
    default_backend user_backend
    http-response set-header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains" if { ssl_fc }
    limit_req zone=one burst=5 nodelay

backend admin_backend
    server admin_server 192.168.1.101:80 check

backend user_backend
    balance roundrobin
    server web1 192.168.1.101:80 check
    server web2 192.168.1.102:80 check