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Spring Cloud Gateway接入WebSocket：实现实时通信

article 2024/10/2 1:53:12

在现代的微服务架构中，实时通信变得越来越重要。Spring Cloud Gateway作为Spring Cloud生态中的API网关，提供了动态路由、监控、弹性、安全等功能。本文将介绍如何通过Spring Cloud Gateway接入WebSocket，实现服务之间的实时通信。

为什么需要WebSocket

WebSocket提供了全双工通信机制，允许服务器主动向客户端发送消息，这在需要实时数据推送的场景（如聊天应用、实时通知等）中非常有用。

Spring Cloud Gateway配置

首先，我们需要在Spring Cloud Gateway中配置WebSocket路由。以下是配置示例：

spring:
  cloud:
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          lowerCaseServiceId: true
          enabled: true
      routes:
        - id: ruoyi-system2
          uri: lb:ws://ruoyi-system
          predicates:
            - Path=/admin/websocket/**
          filters:
            - StripPrefix=1

这里配置了一个WebSocket路由，将/admin/websocket/**路径的请求转发到ruoyi-system服务。

安全配置

为了确保WebSocket通信的安全，我们还需要进行一些安全配置：

security:
  xss:
    enabled: true
    excludeUrls:
      - /system/notice
  # 不校验白名单
  ignore:
    whites:
      - /auth/logout
      - /auth/login
      - /auth/register
      - /*/v2/api-docs
      - /csrf
      - /admin/websocket/**

依赖配置

在admin模块中添加WebSocket依赖：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
</dependency>

WebSocket配置类

创建一个配置类，启用WebSocket支持：

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServerEndpointExporter;

@Configuration
public class WebSocketConfig {
    @Bean
    public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter() {
        return new ServerEndpointExporter();
    }
}

WebSocket实现

实现WebSocket服务端：

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.websocket.*;
import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;
import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArraySet;

@ServerEndpoint("/websocket/{sid}")
@Component
@Slf4j
public class WebSocketServer {
    private static int onlineCount = 0;
    private static CopyOnWriteArraySet<WebSocketServer> webSocketSet = new CopyOnWriteArraySet<>();

    private Session session;
    private String sid = "";

    @OnOpen
    public void onOpen(Session session, @PathParam("sid") String sid) {
        this.session = session;
        webSocketSet.add(this);
        addOnlineCount();
        log.info("有新窗口开始监听:" + sid + ", 当前在线人数为" + getOnlineCount());
        this.sid = sid;
        try {
            sendMessage("连接成功");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            log.error("websocket IO异常");
        }
    }

    @OnClose
    public void onClose() {
        webSocketSet.remove(this);
        subOnlineCount();
        log.info("有一连接关闭！当前在线人数为" + getOnlineCount());
    }

    @OnMessage
    public void onMessage(String message, Session session) {
        log.info("收到来自窗口" + sid + "的信息:" + message);
        for (WebSocketServer item : webSocketSet) {
            try {
                item.sendMessage(message);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    @OnError
    public void onError(Session session, Throwable error) {
        log.error("发生错误");
        error.printStackTrace();
    }

    public void sendMessage(String message) throws IOException {
        this.session.getBasicRemote().sendText(message);
    }

    public static void sendInfo(String message, @PathParam("sid") String sid) throws IOException {
        log.info("推送消息到窗口" + sid + "，推送内容:" + message);
        for (WebSocketServer item : webSocketSet) {
            try {
                if (sid == null) {
                    item.sendMessage(message);
                } else if (item.sid.equals(sid)) {
                    item.sendMessage(message);
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                continue;
            }
        }
    }

    public static synchronized int getOnlineCount() {
        return onlineCount;
    }

    public static synchronized void addOnlineCount() {
        WebSocketServer.onlineCount++;
    }

    public static synchronized void subOnlineCount() {
        WebSocketServer.onlineCount--;
    }

    public static CopyOnWriteArraySet<WebSocketServer> getWebSocketSet() {
        return webSocketSet;
    }
}