【Linux操作系统】Linux配置OpenSSH服务器步骤记录
1.安装OpenSSH服务器软件包
用指令查询,已经全部安装。
编辑/etc/ssh/sshd_config文件:
# $OpenBSD: sshd_config,v 1.103 2018/04/09 20:41:22 tj Exp $
# This is the sshd server system-wide configuration file. See
# sshd_config(5) for more information.
# This sshd was compiled with PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin
# The strategy used for options in the default sshd_config shipped with
# OpenSSH is to specify options with their default value where
# possible, but leave them commented. Uncommented options override the
# default value.
# If you want to change the port on a SELinux system, you have to tell
# SELinux about this change.
# semanage port -a -t ssh_port_t -p tcp #PORTNUMBER
#
#Port 22
#AddressFamily any
#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
#ListenAddress ::
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
#In FIPS mode Ed25519 keys are not supported, please comment out the next line
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key
# Ciphers and keying
#RekeyLimit default none
# This system is following system-wide crypto policy. The changes to
# crypto properties (Ciphers, MACs, ...) will not have any effect here.
# They will be overridden by command-line options passed to the server
# on command line.
# Please, check manual pages for update-crypto-policies(8) and sshd_config(5).
# Logging
#SyslogFacility AUTH
SyslogFacility AUTHPRIV
#LogLevel INFO
# Authentication:
#LoginGraceTime 2m
PermitRootLogin yes
#StrictModes yes
#MaxAuthTries 6
#MaxSessions 10
#PubkeyAuthentication yes
# The default is to check both .ssh/authorized_keys and .ssh/authorized_keys2
# but this is overridden so installations will only check .ssh/authorized_keys
AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys
#AuthorizedPrincipalsFile none
#AuthorizedKeysCommand none
#AuthorizedKeysCommandUser nobody
# For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts
#HostbasedAuthentication no
# Change to yes if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for
# HostbasedAuthentication
#IgnoreUserKnownHosts no
# Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files
#IgnoreRhosts yes
# To disable tunneled clear text passwords, change to no here!
#PasswordAuthentication yes
#PermitEmptyPasswords no
PasswordAuthentication yes
# Change to no to disable s/key passwords
#ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
# Kerberos options
#KerberosAuthentication no
#KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes
#KerberosTicketCleanup yes
#KerberosGetAFSToken no
#KerberosUseKuserok yes
# GSSAPI options
GSSAPIAuthentication yes
GSSAPICleanupCredentials no
#GSSAPIStrictAcceptorCheck yes
#GSSAPIKeyExchange no
#GSSAPIEnablek5users no
# Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing,
# and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will
# be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and
# PasswordAuthentication. Depending on your PAM configuration,
# PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass
# the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password".
# If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without
# PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication
# and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'.
# WARNING: 'UsePAM no' is not supported in RHEL and may cause several
# problems.
UsePAM yes
#AllowAgentForwarding yes
#AllowTcpForwarding yes
#GatewayPorts no
X11Forwarding yes
#X11DisplayOffset 10
#X11UseLocalhost yes
#PermitTTY yes
# It is recommended to use pam_motd in /etc/pam.d/sshd instead of PrintMotd,
# as it is more configurable and versatile than the built-in version.
PrintMotd no
#PrintLastLog yes
#TCPKeepAlive yes
#PermitUserEnvironment no
#Compression delayed
#ClientAliveInterval 0
#ClientAliveCountMax 3
#UseDNS no
#PidFile /var/run/sshd.pid
#MaxStartups 10:30:100
#PermitTunnel no
#ChrootDirectory none
#VersionAddendum none
# no default banner path
#Banner none
# Accept locale-related environment variables
AcceptEnv LANG LC_CTYPE LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME LC_COLLATE LC_MONETARY LC_MESSAGES
AcceptEnv LC_PAPER LC_NAME LC_ADDRESS LC_TELEPHONE LC_MEASUREMENT
AcceptEnv LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_ALL LANGUAGE
AcceptEnv XMODIFIERS
# override default of no subsystems
Subsystem sftp /usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server
# Example of overriding settings on a per-user basis
#Match User anoncvs
# X11Forwarding no
# AllowTcpForwarding no
# PermitTTY no
# ForceCommand cvs server
Port 22
ListenAddress 192.168.0.2
PermitEmptyPasswords no
DenyUsers lisi
出现问题:E325: ATTENTION Found a swap file by the name "/etc/ssh/.sshd_config.swp"
查询后发现是上次修改内容没有保存,意外退出造成的,生成了一个.swp文件。解决方法:
rm -f /etc/ssh/.sshd_config.swp
删掉这个备份文件,然后重新编辑
命令行输入
sudo gedit /etc/ssh/sshd_config
3.启动sshd服务
Job for sshd.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status sshd.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
Subject: sshd.service 单元已开始启动
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: https://access.redhat.com/support
--
-- sshd.service 单元已开始启动。
10月 20 17:56:13 rhel sshd[32022]: error: Bind to port 22 on 192.168.0.2 failed>
10月 20 17:56:13 rhel sshd[32022]: fatal: Cannot bind any address.
10月 20 17:56:13 rhel systemd[1]: sshd.service: Main process exited, code=exite>
10月 20 17:56:13 rhel systemd[1]: sshd.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
-- Subject: Unit failed
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: https://access.redhat.com/support
--
-- The unit sshd.service has entered the 'failed' state with result 'exit-code'.
10月 20 17:56:13 rhel systemd[1]: Failed to start OpenSSH server daemon.
-- Subject: sshd.service 单元已失败
-- Defined-By: systemd
-- Support: https://access.redhat.com/support
--
-- sshd.service 单元已失败。
--
-- 结果为“failed”。
systemctl status sshd.service
● sshd.service - OpenSSH server daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service; enabled; vendor preset>
Active: activating (auto-restart) (Result: exit-code) since Sun 2024-10-20 1>
Docs: man:sshd(8)
man:sshd_config(5)
Process: 33661 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/sshd -D $OPTIONS $CRYPTO_POLICY (code=exit>
Main PID: 33661 (code=exited, status=255)
10月 20 17:59:02 rhel systemd[1]: sshd.service: Main process exited, code=exite>
10月 20 17:59:02 rhel systemd[1]: sshd.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
10月 20 17:59:02 rhel systemd[1]: Failed to start OpenSSH server daemon.
重装能解决100%的问题。
5.PuTTY显示中文字符
设置为UTF-8