SpringMVC8-HttpMessageConverter
目录
@RequestBody
RequestEntity
@ResponseBody
SpringMVC处理json
SpringMVC处理ajax
@RestController注解
ResponseEntity
HttpMessageConverter,报文信息转换器,将请求报文转换为Java对象或将Java对象转换为响应报文
HttpMessageConverter提供了两个注解和两个类型:@RequestBody,@ResponseBody,RequestEntity,ResponseEntity
模块springMVC-demo4
@RequestBody
@RequestBody可以获取请求体,需要在控制器方法设置一个形参,使用@RequestBody进行标识,当前请求的请求体就会为当前注解所标识的形参赋值
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<form th:action="@{/testRequestBody}" method="post">
<input type="text" name="username">
<input type="password" name="password">
<input type="submit" value="测试@RequestBody">
</form>
</body>
</html>
package com.qcby.mvc.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class HttpController {
@RequestMapping("/testRequestBody")
public String testRequestBody(@RequestBody String requestBody){
System.out.println("requestBody:" + requestBody);
return "success";
}
}
RequestEntity
RequestEntity封装请求报文的一种类型,需要在控制器方法的形参中设置该类型的形参,当前请求的请求报文就会赋值给该形参,可以通过getHeaders()获取请求头信息,通过getBody()获取请求体信息
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<form th:action="@{/testRequestEntity}" method="post">
<input type="text" name="username">
<input type="password" name="password">
<input type="submit" value="测试RequestEntity">
</form>
</body>
</html>
package com.qcby.mvc.controller;
import org.springframework.http.RequestEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class HttpController {
@RequestMapping("/testRequestEntity")
public String testRequestEntity(RequestEntity<String> requestEntity){
//当前requestEntity表示整个请求报文的信息
System.out.println("请求头:"+requestEntity.getHeaders());
System.out.println("请求体:"+requestEntity.getBody());
return "success";
}
}
@ResponseBody
@ResponseBody用于标识一个控制器方法,可以将该方法的返回值直接作为响应报文的响应体响应到浏览器
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<a th:href="@{/testResponseBody}">通过@ResponseBody响应浏览器数据</a>
</body>
</html>
package com.qcby.mvc.controller;
import org.springframework.http.RequestEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class HttpController {
@RequestMapping("/testResponseBody")
@ResponseBody //返回的success不再是视图,而是响应报文,直接出现在浏览器上
public String testResponseBody(){
return "success11111";
}
}
SpringMVC处理json
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.12.1</version>
</dependency>
在SpringMVC的核心配置文件中开启mvc的注解驱动,此时在HandlerAdaptor中会自动装配一个消息转换器:MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter,可以将响应到浏览器的Java对象转换为json格式的字符串:
<!--开启MVC的注解驱动-->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
package com.qcby.mvc.bean;
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String username;
private String password;
private Integer age;
private String sex;
public User(Integer id, String username, String password, Integer age, String sex) {
this.id = id;
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
this.age = age;
this.sex = sex;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<a th:href="@{/testResponseUser}">通过@ResponseBody响应浏览器User对象</a>
</body>
</html>
将Java对象直接作为控制器方法的返回值返回,就会自动转换为json格式的字符串:
package com.qcby.mvc.controller;
import com.qcby.mvc.bean.User;
import org.springframework.http.RequestEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class HttpController {
@RequestMapping("/testResponseUser")
@ResponseBody
public User testResponseUser(){
return new User(1001,"admin","123456",20,"男");
}
}
SpringMVC处理ajax
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
</head>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2/dist/vue.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
<body>
<h1>首页</h1>
<div id="app">
<a @click="testAxios" th:href="@{/testAxios}">SpringMVC处理ajax</a>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
new Vue({
el:"#app",
methods:{
testAxios:function (event){
axios({
method: "post",
url: event.target.href,
params:{
username:"admin",
password:"123456"
}
}).then(function (response){
alert(response.data);
});
event.preventDefault();
}
}
})
</script>
</body>
</html>
package com.qcby.mvc.controller;
import com.qcby.mvc.bean.User;
import org.springframework.http.RequestEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class HttpController {
@RequestMapping("/testAxios")
@ResponseBody
public String testAxios(String username,String password){
System.out.println(username+","+password);
return "hello,axios";
}
}
@RestController注解
@RestController注解是springMVC提供的一个复合注解,标识在控制器的类上,就相当于为类添加了@Controller注解,并且为其中的每个方法添加了@ResponseBody注解
ResponseEntity
ResponseEntity用于控制器方法的返回值类型,该控制器方法的返回值就是响应到浏览器的响应报文