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filebeat+elasticsearch+kibana日志分析

article 2024/11/5 14:38:05

1 默认配置

1.1 filebeat

filebeat-7.17.yml,从网关中下载k8s的配置，指定es和kibana的配置

通过kibana查询可以查询到日志了，但此时还不知道具体怎么用。

1.2 kibana

在Discover中创建索引格式：filebeat-*，得到如下图，可以看出acc-statement-server的日志最多。但里面的字段太多了，下面应该怎么看呢？

再跟进查看日志，filebeat应该是每一样记录一次，这个浪费了很多存储空间。另外排查问题也并不好查。

2 多行合并输出

如果使用默认的配置，每一行日志，就会产生一条记录。

2.1 filebeat

增加多行规则匹配

设置索引，符合条件走自己的索引，否则则为默认索引

output.elasticsearch:
      hosts: ['10.101.10.2:9200','10.101.10.3:9200','10.101.10.4:9200']
      username: ${ELASTICSEARCH_USERNAME}
      password: ${ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD}
      indices:
        - index: acc-accountbook-server-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}
          when.contains:
            kubernetes.container.name: acc-accountbook-server
        - index: acc-analysis-server-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}
          when.contains:
            kubernetes.container.name: acc-analysis-server
        index: filebeat-7.17.25-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}

在kibana中跟进日志，发现少部分日志输出成功，大多失败，这是什么原因呢？

为什么有些可以添加数据，有些不能呢

调试发现，我在索引前面加上了eayc就可以了，看来问题就出现在索引策略

2.2 logback

上面的时间分割，是需要logback配置与之对应。如我的系统日志打印出来的是这个，那么filebeat中就无法实现多行合并了。

如下图修改logback配置。

2.3 pipeline

在elasticsearch中创建pipeline,参考了【ELK】到【EFK】,【Filebeat】收集【SpringBoot】日志，但最终还是放弃了，还是按照k8s自带的格式，这样便于处理，不需要非得自定义格式。

PUT _ingest/pipeline/eayc_log_pipeline
{
  "description": "岁月云日志管道",
  "processors": [
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "agent.name",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "agent.ephemeral_id",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "log.file.path",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "input.type",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "kubernetes.node.labels.kubernetes_io/hostname",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "kubernetes.labels.k8s_kuboard_cn/layer",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "kubernetes.deployment.name",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "container.runtime",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "ecs.version",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "host.architecture",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "host.containerized",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "host.mac",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "host.os.codename",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "host.os.name",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "host.os.platform",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "kubernetes.labels.k8s_kuboard_cn/name",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "kubernetes.labels.pod-template-hash",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "kubernetes.namespace_uid",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "kubernetes.node.labels.beta_kubernetes_io/arch",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "kubernetes.node.labels.beta_kubernetes_io/os",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "log.flags",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "log.offset",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "kubernetes.container.id",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    },
    {
      "remove": {
        "field": "kubernetes.pod.uid",
        "ignore_missing": true
      }
    }
  ]
}

创建索引策略

PUT _ilm/policy/eayc_log_policy
{
  "policy": {
    "phases": {
      "hot": {
        "min_age": "0ms",
        "actions": {
          "rollover": {
            "max_size": "50gb",
            "max_age": "30d"
          }
        }
      },
      "delete": {
        "min_age": "90d",
        "actions": {
          "delete": {}
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

2.4 elasticsearch

在k8s中启动filebeat中，查看filebeat的日志发现

2024-10-29T07:55:33.935Z        ERROR   [elasticsearch] elasticsearch/client.go:226     failed to perform any bulk index operations: 500 Internal Server Error: {"error":{"root_cause":[{"type":"illegal_state_exception","reason":"There are no ingest nodes in this cluster, unable to forward request to an ingest node."}],"type":"illegal_state_exception","reason":"There are no ingest nodes in this cluster, unable to forward request to an ingest node."},"status":500}

则需要在elasticsearch.yml中增加配置

node.roles: [ingest]

创建组合模板

PUT _component_template/filebeat_settings
{
  "template": {
    "settings": {
      "number_of_shards": 1,
      "number_of_replicas": 1
    }
  }
}

PUT _component_template/filebeat_mappings
{
  "template": {
    "mappings": {
      "properties": {
        "@timestamp": {
          "type": "date"
        },
        "message": {
          "type": "text"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

PUT _component_template/eayc_mappings
{
  "template": {
    "mappings": {
      "properties": {
        "@timestamp": {
          "type": "date"
        },
        "message": {
          "type": "text"
        },
        "custom_field": {
          "type": "keyword"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

PUT _component_template/acc_mappings
{
  "template": {
    "mappings": {
      "properties": {
        "@timestamp": {
          "type": "date"
        },
        "message": {
          "type": "text"
        },
        "custom_field": {
          "type": "keyword"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

PUT _index_template/filebeat
{
  "index_patterns": ["filebeat-*"],
  "composed_of": ["filebeat_settings", "filebeat_mappings"],
  "priority": 100,
  "template": {
    "settings": {
      "index.lifecycle.name": "eayc_log_policy",
      "index.lifecycle.rollover_alias": "filebeat-write"
    }
  }
}

PUT _index_template/eayc
{
  "index_patterns": ["eayc-*"],
  "composed_of": ["filebeat_settings", "eayc_mappings"],
  "priority": 100,
  "template": {
    "settings": {
      "index.lifecycle.name": "eayc_log_policy",
      "index.lifecycle.rollover_alias": "filebeat-write"
    }
  }
}

PUT _index_template/acc
{
  "index_patterns": ["acc-*"],
  "composed_of": ["filebeat_settings", "acc_mappings"],
  "priority": 100,
  "template": {
    "settings": {
      "index.lifecycle.name": "eayc_log_policy",
      "index.lifecycle.rollover_alias": "filebeat-write"
    }
  }
}

接着再看acc添加进去了