当前位置：首页 > article >正文

OkHttp网络请求框架

article 2024/11/9 4:03:11

添加依赖

在 build.gradle 文件中添加 OkHttp 依赖：

dependencies {
    implementation("com.squareup.okhttp3:okhttp:4.10.0") 
}

使用OkHttp发起GET请求

同步请求

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    // Used to load the 'okhttptest' library on application startup.
    static {
        System.loadLibrary("okhttptest");
    }

    private ActivityMainBinding binding;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater());
        setContentView(binding.getRoot());

        // Example of a call to a native method
        TextView tv = binding.sampleText;
        tv.setText(stringFromJNI());

        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // 创建 OkHttpClient
                OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();

                // 创建 Request 对象
                Request request = new Request.Builder()
                        .url("https://www.httpbin.org/get")  // URL
                        .build();

                // 同步请求
                try (Response response = client.newCall(request).execute()){

                    if(response.isSuccessful()){
                        String responseBody = response.body().string();  // 读取响应体

                        Log.d("Response:",responseBody);
                        // 在主线程中显示 Toast
                        runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                // 显示 Toast
                                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, responseBody, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                            }
                        });
                    }else {
                        Log.e("Request failed", String.valueOf(response.code()));
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }
    public native String stringFromJNI();
}

在这里插入图片描述

异步请求

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    // Used to load the 'okhttptest' library on application startup.
    static {
        System.loadLibrary("okhttptest");
    }

    private ActivityMainBinding binding;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater());
        setContentView(binding.getRoot());

        // Example of a call to a native method
        TextView tv = binding.sampleText;
        tv.setText(stringFromJNI());

        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // 创建 OkHttpClient
                OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();

                // 创建 Request 对象
                Request request = new Request.Builder()
                        .url("https://www.httpbin.org/get")  // URL
                        .build();

                // 同步请求
                client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
                    @Override
                    public void onFailure(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull IOException e) {
                        Log.e("Request failed: ",e.getMessage());
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onResponse(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull Response response) throws IOException {
                        String ResponseBody = response.body().string();
                        if (response.isSuccessful()){
                            Log.e("Response: " ,ResponseBody);
                            runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                                @Override
                                public void run() {
                                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,ResponseBody,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                                }
                            });

                        }else {
                            Log.e("Request failed:",String.valueOf(response.code()));
                        }

                    }
                });

            }
        }).start();
    }
    public native String stringFromJNI();
}

在这里插入图片描述

POST请求

允许通过HTTP访问网络资源，Android 默认禁止应用使用非加密（HTTP）通信，以保护用户数据的安全。默认情况下，Android 9（API 级别 28）及更高版本需要通过 HTTPS 进行网络通信。
通过修改AndroidManifest.xml文件来临时允许明文HTTP流量。

    <application
        android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
        ...
    </application>

发送请求

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    // Used to load the 'okhttptest' library on application startup.
    static {
        System.loadLibrary("okhttptest");
    }

    private ActivityMainBinding binding;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        binding = ActivityMainBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater());
        setContentView(binding.getRoot());

        // Example of a call to a native method
        TextView tv = binding.sampleText;
        tv.setText(stringFromJNI());

        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // 创建 OkHttpClient
                OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();

                RequestBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
                        .add("name","Bileton")
                        .add("age","21")
                        .build();

                // 创建 Request 对象
                Request request = new Request.Builder()
                        .url("http://www.httpbin.org/post")  // URL
                        .post(formBody)
                        .build();


                // 同步请求
                client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
                    @Override
                    public void onFailure(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull IOException e) {
                        Log.e("Request failed: ",e.getMessage());
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onResponse(@NonNull Call call, @NonNull Response response) throws IOException {
                        String ResponseBody = response.body().string();
                        if (response.isSuccessful()){
                            Log.e("Response: " ,ResponseBody);
                            runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                                @Override
                                public void run() {
                                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,ResponseBody,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                                }
                            });

                        }else {
                            Log.e("Request failed:",String.valueOf(response.code()));
                        }

                    }
                });

            }
        }).start();
    }
    public native String stringFromJNI();
}

在这里插入图片描述

拦截器

OkHttp 的拦截器是一个非常强大的工具，可以在请求和响应过程中拦截和修改 HTTP 请求和响应。拦截器可以用于日志记录、修改请求/响应、添加通用头部信息、缓存等功能。

OkHttp提供了两种类型的拦截器：

应用拦截器（Application Interceptor）
应用拦截器可以在请求被发送之前或响应到达客户端之后进行拦截。应用拦截器不会直接影响网络层操作。

OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
        .addInterceptor(new Interceptor() {
            @Override
            public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
                Request originalRequest = chain.request();

                // 添加头部信息
                Request modifiedRequest = originalRequest.newBuilder()
                        .header("Authorization", "Bearer your_token")
                        .build();

                // 继续链条中的下一个拦截器
                return chain.proceed(modifiedRequest);
            }
        })
        .build();

网络拦截器（Network Interceptor）
网络拦截器更接近网络层，能访问和修改在网络上传输的数据。它们可以用来实现诸如缓存和压缩的功能。

OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
        .addNetworkInterceptor(new Interceptor() {
            @Override
            public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
                Request request = chain.request();

                // 打印请求信息
                long startTime = System.nanoTime();
                System.out.println(String.format("Sending request %s on %s%n%s",
                        request.url(), chain.connection(), request.headers()));

                Response response = chain.proceed(request);

                // 打印响应信息
                long endTime = System.nanoTime();
                System.out.println(String.format("Received response for %s in %.1fms%n%s",
                        response.request().url(), (endTime - startTime) / 1e6d, response.headers()));

                return response;
            }
        })
        .build();

在请求中使用拦截器

OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
        .addInterceptor(new CustomInterceptor()) // 添加应用拦截器
        .addNetworkInterceptor(new CustomNetworkInterceptor()) // 添加网络拦截器
        .build();

Request request = new Request.Builder()
        .url("https://www.example.com")
        .build();

client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
    @Override
    public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

    @Override
    public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
        if (response.isSuccessful()) {
            System.out.println(response.body().string());
        }
    }
});