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ubuntu系统版本安装docker容器

article 2025/1/21 14:05:24

docker官网链接

https://www.docker.com/

安装要求

需要静态地址，以及需要dns地址。

vim /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml

network:
    ethernets:
        ens33:
            addresses:
            - 192.168.6.121/24
            nameservers:
                addresses:
                - 223.5.5.5
                - 223.6.6.6
                - 8.8.8.8
                - 8.8.4.4
                search:
                - jingyu.cn
            routes:
            -   to: default
                via: 192.168.6.16
    version: 2

cat /etc/resolv.conf

options edns0 trust-ad
#search 223.5.5.5 223.6.6.6 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4
nameserver 223.5.5.5
nameserver 223.6.6.6
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4

建议更改配置国内原（避免等待时间过长）

阿里源

https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/ubuntu?spm=a2c6h.13651102.0.0.3e221b11XHo5rx

选择自己的系统版本复制粘贴到/etc/apt/source.list文件中。（将之前默认的全部删除）

vim /etc/apt/source.list

ubuntu 22.04 LTS (jammy) 配置如下

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse

ubuntu 24.04 (noble) 配置如下

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ noble main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ noble main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ noble-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ noble-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ noble-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ noble-updates main restricted universe multiverse

# deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ noble-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ noble-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ noble-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ noble-backports main restricted universe multiverse

更新apt源

apt -y update

安装docker

如果之前安装docker ，在安装docker engine之前需要卸载任何冲突的软件包。

如果是第一次安装则可以跳过。

for pkg in docker.io docker-doc docker-compose docker-compose-v2 podman-docker containerd runc; do sudo apt-get remove $pkg; done

apt-get进行安装

apt-get update

apt-get -y install ca-certificates curl gnupg

gnupg 是 GNU Privacy Guard 的缩写，它是一个完整的和免费的PGP替换工具，用于加密、签名以及验证数据和通信。在安装Docker的过程中，gnupg（或其变体如 gnupg2）主要用于安全地添加和管理Docker官方仓库的GPG密钥，以确保你下载的Docker软件包是来自官方且未被篡改过的。

# step 2: 信任 Docker 的 GPG 公钥

选择符合自己系统版本的信息

sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings

curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

24.04系统版本

curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg

# Step 3: 写入软件源信息

echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu \
  "$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME")" stable" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

sudo apt-get -y update

24.04系统版本

echo \
  "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
  $(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \
  sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null

24.04信息为docker官网的下载docker软件时由于在国外下载较慢，建议使用加速器下载，便可下载成功。

sudo apt-get -y update

# Step 4: 安装Docker

sudo apt-get -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

如果需要安装特定的版本docker engine需要先列出存储库中的可用版本：

# 安装指定版本的Docker-CE:
# Step 1: 查找Docker-CE的版本:
# apt-cache madison docker-ce
#   docker-ce | 17.03.1~ce-0~ubuntu-xenial | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu xenial/stable amd64 Packages
#   docker-ce | 17.03.0~ce-0~ubuntu-xenial | https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu xenial/stable amd64 Packages
# Step 2: 安装指定版本的Docker-CE: (VERSION例如上面的17.03.1~ce-0~ubuntu-xenial)
# sudo apt-get -y install docker-ce=[VERSION]

#VERSION_STRING=5:27.4.0-1~ubuntu.24.04~noble
#sudo apt-get install docker-ce=$VERSION_STRING docker-ce-cli=$VERSION_STRING containerd.io docker-buildx-plugin docker-compose-plugin

添加docker镜像

cat >/etc/docker/daemon.json<< jingyu
{
   "registry-mirrors": [
           "https://docker.1ms.run",
           "https://doublezonline.cloud",
           "https://dislabaiot.xyz",
           "https://docker.fxxk.dedyn.io",
           "https://dockerpull.org",
           "https://docker.unsee.tech",
           "https://hub.rat.dev",
           "https://docker.1panel.live",
           "https://docker.nastool.de",
           "https://docker.zhai.cm",
           "https://docker.5z5f.com",
           "https://a.ussh.net",
           "https://docker.udayun.com",
           "https://hub.geekery.cn"
   ]
}
jingyu

通过运行映像来验证安装是否成功：hello-world