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CSS系列（29）-- Scroll Snap详解

article 2025/3/3 5:21:54

前端技术探索系列：CSS Scroll Snap详解 📜

致读者：探索流畅滚动体验 👋

前端开发者们，

今天我们将深入探讨 CSS Scroll Snap，这个强大的滚动优化特性。

基础特性 🚀

容器设置

/* 基础滚动容器 */
.scroll-container {
    scroll-snap-type: x mandatory;
    /* 或 */
    scroll-snap-type: y proximity;
    overflow: auto;
    display: flex;
}

/* 滚动项目 */
.scroll-item {
    scroll-snap-align: start;
    /* 或 */
    scroll-snap-align: center;
    flex: 0 0 100%;
}

/* 滚动边距 */
.scroll-container {
    scroll-padding: 20px;
    scroll-padding-inline: 20px;
}

对齐控制

/* 多重对齐 */
.scroll-item {
    scroll-snap-align: center none;  /* 水平居中，垂直不对齐 */
}

/* 对齐停止 */
.scroll-item {
    scroll-snap-stop: always;  /* 强制停止 */
}

/* 组合对齐 */
.gallery {
    scroll-snap-type: x mandatory;
    scroll-padding: 1rem;
}

.gallery-item {
    scroll-snap-align: center;
    scroll-snap-stop: always;
}

高级特性 🎯

滚动行为

/* 平滑滚动 */
.smooth-scroll {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    scroll-snap-type: both mandatory;
}

/* 响应式滚动 */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    .smooth-scroll {
        scroll-behavior: auto;
    }
}

/* 滚动边界 */
.scroll-container {
    overscroll-behavior: contain;
    scroll-snap-type: x mandatory;
}

嵌套滚动

/* 父容器 */
.parent-scroll {
    scroll-snap-type: y mandatory;
    height: 100vh;
    overflow-y: auto;
}

/* 子容器 */
.child-scroll {
    scroll-snap-type: x mandatory;
    overflow-x: auto;
    scroll-snap-align: start;
}

/* 子项目 */
.child-item {
    scroll-snap-align: center;
    flex: 0 0 100%;
}

实际应用 💫

图片轮播

/* 轮播容器 */
.carousel {
    scroll-snap-type: x mandatory;
    overflow-x: auto;
    display: flex;
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
}

/* 轮播项 */
.carousel-item {
    scroll-snap-align: center;
    flex: 0 0 100%;
    height: 300px;
    position: relative;
}

/* 导航点 */
.carousel-dots {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin-top: 1rem;
}

.dot {
    width: 8px;
    height: 8px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: #ccc;
}

.dot.active {
    background: #333;
}

全屏滚动

/* 页面容器 */
.fullpage-container {
    height: 100vh;
    overflow-y: auto;
    scroll-snap-type: y mandatory;
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

/* 页面部分 */
.section {
    height: 100vh;
    scroll-snap-align: start;
    scroll-snap-stop: always;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

/* 导航 */
.section-nav {
    position: fixed;
    right: 20px;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
}

性能优化 ⚡

滚动优化

/* 性能优化 */
.optimized-scroll {
    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
    scroll-snap-type: x mandatory;
    will-change: scroll-position;
}

/* 内容优化 */
.scroll-item {
    contain: content;
    will-change: transform;
}

/* 图片优化 */
.image-scroll {
    scroll-snap-type: x mandatory;
    scrollbar-width: none;  /* 隐藏滚动条 */
}

.image-item img {
    object-fit: cover;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}

交互增强

/* 触摸优化 */
.touch-scroll {
    touch-action: pan-x pinch-zoom;
    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
}

/* 滚动指示器 */
.scroll-container {
    position: relative;
}

.scroll-indicator {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 20px;
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%);
    opacity: 0.8;
    transition: opacity 0.3s;
}

.scroll-indicator.hidden {
    opacity: 0;
}