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STM32单片机芯片与内部54 AT24C02读写 硬件IIC 标准库 HAL库

article 2025/1/5 0:17:46

目录

一、AT24C02硬件IIC-标准库

1、I2C_InitTypeDef

2、GPIO

3、数据写入

4、数据读取

二、AT24C02硬件IIC-HAL库

1、I2C_HandleTypeDef与I2C_InitTypeDef

2、GPIO

3、数据写入

4、数据读取

一、AT24C02硬件IIC-标准库

1、I2C_InitTypeDef

        硬件IIC就要和I2C的代码打交道了。I2C_InitTypeDef在stm32f10x_i2c.h中，主要配置I2C通信速率，I2C模式，SCL时钟线占空比，自身IIC地址，I2C响应使能，I2C寻址模式长度等。

typedef struct
{
  uint32_t I2C_ClockSpeed;          /*!< Specifies the clock frequency.
                                         This parameter must be set to a value lower than 400kHz */

  uint16_t I2C_Mode;                /*!< Specifies the I2C mode.
                                         This parameter can be a value of @ref I2C_mode */

  uint16_t I2C_DutyCycle;           /*!< Specifies the I2C fast mode duty cycle.
                                         This parameter can be a value of @ref I2C_duty_cycle_in_fast_mode */

  uint16_t I2C_OwnAddress1;         /*!< Specifies the first device own address.
                                         This parameter can be a 7-bit or 10-bit address. */

  uint16_t I2C_Ack;                 /*!< Enables or disables the acknowledgement.
                                         This parameter can be a value of @ref I2C_acknowledgement */

  uint16_t I2C_AcknowledgedAddress; /*!< Specifies if 7-bit or 10-bit address is acknowledged.
                                         This parameter can be a value of @ref I2C_acknowledged_address */
}I2C_InitTypeDef;

2、GPIO

        保持为复用开漏输出。

  /* I2C_SCL、I2C_SDA*/
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = EEPROM_I2C_SCL_PIN;
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_OD;	       // 开漏输出
  GPIO_Init(EEPROM_I2C_SCL_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);
	
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = EEPROM_I2C_SDA_PIN;
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_OD;	       // 开漏输出
  GPIO_Init(EEPROM_I2C_SDA_PORT, &GPIO_InitStructure);

3、数据写入

        可以看到硬件IIC的时序就是需要不断的判断I2C的各类寄存器，例如EV6、EV8等，而非模拟IIC直接判断IO是否拉高、拉低即可。

uint32_t I2C_EE_PageWrite(u8* pBuffer, u8 WriteAddr, u8 NumByteToWrite)
{
  I2CTimeout = I2CT_LONG_TIMEOUT;

  while(I2C_GetFlagStatus(EEPROM_I2Cx, I2C_FLAG_BUSY))   
  {
    if((I2CTimeout--) == 0) return I2C_TIMEOUT_UserCallback(4);
  } 
  
  /* Send START condition */
  I2C_GenerateSTART(EEPROM_I2Cx, ENABLE);
  
  I2CTimeout = I2CT_FLAG_TIMEOUT;
  /* Test on EV5 and clear it */
  while(!I2C_CheckEvent(EEPROM_I2Cx, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_MODE_SELECT))  
  {
    if((I2CTimeout--) == 0) return I2C_TIMEOUT_UserCallback(5);
  } 
  
  /* Send EEPROM address for write */
  I2C_Send7bitAddress(EEPROM_I2Cx, EEPROM_ADDRESS, I2C_Direction_Transmitter);
  
  I2CTimeout = I2CT_FLAG_TIMEOUT;
  /* Test on EV6 and clear it */
  while(!I2C_CheckEvent(EEPROM_I2Cx, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_TRANSMITTER_MODE_SELECTED))  
  {
    if((I2CTimeout--) == 0) return I2C_TIMEOUT_UserCallback(6);
  } 
  
  /* Send the EEPROM's internal address to write to */    
  I2C_SendData(EEPROM_I2Cx, WriteAddr);  

  I2CTimeout = I2CT_FLAG_TIMEOUT;
  /* Test on EV8 and clear it */
  while(! I2C_CheckEvent(EEPROM_I2Cx, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTED))
  {
    if((I2CTimeout--) == 0) return I2C_TIMEOUT_UserCallback(7);
  } 

  /* While there is data to be written */
  while(NumByteToWrite--)  
  {
    /* Send the current byte */
    I2C_SendData(EEPROM_I2Cx, *pBuffer); 

    /* Point to the next byte to be written */
    pBuffer++; 
  
    I2CTimeout = I2CT_FLAG_TIMEOUT;

    /* Test on EV8 and clear it */
    while (!I2C_CheckEvent(EEPROM_I2Cx, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTED))
    {
      if((I2CTimeout--) == 0) return I2C_TIMEOUT_UserCallback(8);
    } 
  }

  /* Send STOP condition */
  I2C_GenerateSTOP(EEPROM_I2Cx, ENABLE);
  
  return 1;
}

4、数据读取

uint32_t I2C_EE_BufferRead(u8* pBuffer, u8 ReadAddr, u16 NumByteToRead)
{  
  
  I2CTimeout = I2CT_LONG_TIMEOUT;
  
  //*((u8 *)0x4001080c) |=0x80; 
  while(I2C_GetFlagStatus(EEPROM_I2Cx, I2C_FLAG_BUSY))
  {
    if((I2CTimeout--) == 0) return I2C_TIMEOUT_UserCallback(9);
   }
  
  /* Send START condition */
  I2C_GenerateSTART(EEPROM_I2Cx, ENABLE);
  //*((u8 *)0x4001080c) &=~0x80;
  
  I2CTimeout = I2CT_FLAG_TIMEOUT;
  /* Test on EV5 and clear it */
  while(!I2C_CheckEvent(EEPROM_I2Cx, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_MODE_SELECT))
  {
    if((I2CTimeout--) == 0) return I2C_TIMEOUT_UserCallback(10);
   }
  
  /* Send EEPROM address for write */
  I2C_Send7bitAddress(EEPROM_I2Cx, EEPROM_ADDRESS, I2C_Direction_Transmitter);

  I2CTimeout = I2CT_FLAG_TIMEOUT;
  /* Test on EV6 and clear it */
  while(!I2C_CheckEvent(EEPROM_I2Cx, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_TRANSMITTER_MODE_SELECTED))
  {
    if((I2CTimeout--) == 0) return I2C_TIMEOUT_UserCallback(11);
   }
    
  /* Clear EV6 by setting again the PE bit */
  I2C_Cmd(EEPROM_I2Cx, ENABLE);

  /* Send the EEPROM's internal address to write to */
  I2C_SendData(EEPROM_I2Cx, ReadAddr);  

   
  I2CTimeout = I2CT_FLAG_TIMEOUT;
  /* Test on EV8 and clear it */
  while(!I2C_CheckEvent(EEPROM_I2Cx, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_TRANSMITTED))
  {
    if((I2CTimeout--) == 0) return I2C_TIMEOUT_UserCallback(12);
   }
    
  /* Send STRAT condition a second time */  
  I2C_GenerateSTART(EEPROM_I2Cx, ENABLE);
  
  I2CTimeout = I2CT_FLAG_TIMEOUT;
  /* Test on EV5 and clear it */
  while(!I2C_CheckEvent(EEPROM_I2Cx, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_MODE_SELECT))
  {
    if((I2CTimeout--) == 0) return I2C_TIMEOUT_UserCallback(13);
   }
    
  /* Send EEPROM address for read */
  I2C_Send7bitAddress(EEPROM_I2Cx, EEPROM_ADDRESS, I2C_Direction_Receiver);
  
  I2CTimeout = I2CT_FLAG_TIMEOUT;
  /* Test on EV6 and clear it */
  while(!I2C_CheckEvent(EEPROM_I2Cx, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_RECEIVER_MODE_SELECTED))
  {
    if((I2CTimeout--) == 0) return I2C_TIMEOUT_UserCallback(14);
   }
  
  /* While there is data to be read */
  while(NumByteToRead)  
  {
    if(NumByteToRead == 1)
    {
      /* Disable Acknowledgement */
      I2C_AcknowledgeConfig(EEPROM_I2Cx, DISABLE);
      
      /* Send STOP Condition */
      I2C_GenerateSTOP(EEPROM_I2Cx, ENABLE);
    }

    /* Test on EV7 and clear it */    
    I2CTimeout = I2CT_LONG_TIMEOUT;
    
		while(I2C_CheckEvent(EEPROM_I2Cx, I2C_EVENT_MASTER_BYTE_RECEIVED)==0)  
		{
			if((I2CTimeout--) == 0) return I2C_TIMEOUT_UserCallback(3);
		} 
    {      
      /* Read a byte from the EEPROM */
      *pBuffer = I2C_ReceiveData(EEPROM_I2Cx);

      /* Point to the next location where the byte read will be saved */
      pBuffer++; 
      
      /* Decrement the read bytes counter */
      NumByteToRead--;        
    }   
  }

  /* Enable Acknowledgement to be ready for another reception */
  I2C_AcknowledgeConfig(EEPROM_I2Cx, ENABLE);
  
    return 1;
}

二、AT24C02硬件IIC-HAL库

1、I2C_HandleTypeDef与I2C_InitTypeDef

        硬件IIC就要和I2C的代码打交道了。I2C_HandleTypeDef在stm32f1xx_hal_i2c.h中，主要配置I2C通信速率，I2C模式，SCL时钟线占空比，自身IIC地址，I2C响应使能，I2C寻址模式长度等。

typedef struct
#endif  /* USE_HAL_I2C_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
{
  I2C_TypeDef                *Instance;      /*!< I2C registers base address               */

  I2C_InitTypeDef            Init;           /*!< I2C communication parameters             */

  uint8_t                    *pBuffPtr;      /*!< Pointer to I2C transfer buffer           */

  uint16_t                   XferSize;       /*!< I2C transfer size                        */

  __IO uint16_t              XferCount;      /*!< I2C transfer counter                     */

  __IO uint32_t              XferOptions;    /*!< I2C transfer options                     */

  __IO uint32_t              PreviousState;  /*!< I2C communication Previous state and mode
                                                  context for internal usage               */

  DMA_HandleTypeDef          *hdmatx;        /*!< I2C Tx DMA handle parameters             */

  DMA_HandleTypeDef          *hdmarx;        /*!< I2C Rx DMA handle parameters             */

  HAL_LockTypeDef            Lock;           /*!< I2C locking object                       */

  __IO HAL_I2C_StateTypeDef  State;          /*!< I2C communication state                  */

  __IO HAL_I2C_ModeTypeDef   Mode;           /*!< I2C communication mode                   */

  __IO uint32_t              ErrorCode;      /*!< I2C Error code                           */

  __IO uint32_t              Devaddress;     /*!< I2C Target device address                */

  __IO uint32_t              Memaddress;     /*!< I2C Target memory address                */

  __IO uint32_t              MemaddSize;     /*!< I2C Target memory address  size          */

  __IO uint32_t              EventCount;     /*!< I2C Event counter                        */
} I2C_HandleTypeDef;
typedef struct
{
  uint32_t ClockSpeed;       /*!< Specifies the clock frequency.
                                  This parameter must be set to a value lower than 400kHz */

  uint32_t DutyCycle;        /*!< Specifies the I2C fast mode duty cycle.
                                  This parameter can be a value of @ref I2C_duty_cycle_in_fast_mode */

  uint32_t OwnAddress1;      /*!< Specifies the first device own address.
                                  This parameter can be a 7-bit or 10-bit address. */

  uint32_t AddressingMode;   /*!< Specifies if 7-bit or 10-bit addressing mode is selected.
                                  This parameter can be a value of @ref I2C_addressing_mode */

  uint32_t DualAddressMode;  /*!< Specifies if dual addressing mode is selected.
                                  This parameter can be a value of @ref I2C_dual_addressing_mode */

  uint32_t OwnAddress2;      /*!< Specifies the second device own address if dual addressing mode is selected
                                  This parameter can be a 7-bit address. */

  uint32_t GeneralCallMode;  /*!< Specifies if general call mode is selected.
                                  This parameter can be a value of @ref I2C_general_call_addressing_mode */

  uint32_t NoStretchMode;    /*!< Specifies if nostretch mode is selected.
                                  This parameter can be a value of @ref I2C_nostretch_mode */

} I2C_InitTypeDef;

2、GPIO

        保持为复用开漏输出。

  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin       = I2Cx_SCL_PIN;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode      = GPIO_MODE_AF_OD;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull      = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Speed     = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
  
  HAL_GPIO_Init(I2Cx_SCL_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStruct);
    
  /* I2C RX GPIO pin configuration  */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = I2Cx_SDA_PIN;   
  HAL_GPIO_Init(I2Cx_SDA_GPIO_PORT, &GPIO_InitStruct);

3、数据写入

        可以看到硬件IIC的时序就是需要不断的判断I2C的各类寄存器，例如EV6、EV8等，而非模拟IIC直接判断IO是否拉高、拉低即可。

uint32_t I2C_EE_PageWrite(uint8_t* pBuffer, uint8_t WriteAddr, uint8_t NumByteToWrite)
{
	HAL_StatusTypeDef status = HAL_OK;
	/* Write EEPROM_PAGESIZE */
	status=HAL_I2C_Mem_Write(&I2C_Handle, EEPROM_ADDRESS,WriteAddr, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, (uint8_t*)(pBuffer),NumByteToWrite, 100);

	while (HAL_I2C_GetState(&I2C_Handle) != HAL_I2C_STATE_READY)
	{
		
	}

	/* Check if the EEPROM is ready for a new operation */
	while (HAL_I2C_IsDeviceReady(&I2C_Handle, EEPROM_ADDRESS, EEPROM_MAX_TRIALS, I2Cx_TIMEOUT_MAX) == HAL_TIMEOUT);

	/* Wait for the end of the transfer */
	while (HAL_I2C_GetState(&I2C_Handle) != HAL_I2C_STATE_READY)
	{
		
	}
	return status;
}

4、数据读取

uint32_t I2C_EE_BufferRead(uint8_t* pBuffer, uint8_t ReadAddr, uint16_t NumByteToRead)
{
	HAL_StatusTypeDef status = HAL_OK;
	
	status=HAL_I2C_Mem_Read(&I2C_Handle,EEPROM_ADDRESS,ReadAddr, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, (uint8_t *)pBuffer, NumByteToRead,1000);

	return status;
}

        可以看到HAL库下会方便一点，做了底层的深度封装，但是这么写，太受制于人了，和时序完全不打交道了。


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