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docker镜像制作的命令,docker自定义镜像

article 2025/1/7 4:29:22

一.Dockerfile制作镜像的命令

	1.Dockerfile文件的编写格式

		FROM	//指定基础镜像（唯一）
			FROM 镜像名:标签
	
		USER	//启动容器使用的用户,切换用户执行命令（唯一)
			相当与sudo -u nobody,切换用户执行命令
		RUN	//在容器内执行命令，可以写多条	
			RUN touch /tmp/a.txt;touch /tmp/a.txt
		WORKDIR	//设置启动容器的默认工作目录（唯一）,替代cd命令
			WORKDIR /tmp/
			RUM touch a.txt
	
		ADD	//把文件拷贝到容器内，如果文件是tar.xx格式，会自动解压
			ADD myfile.tar /var/tmp
		COPY	//把文件拷贝到容器内，不会自动解压
			COPY myfile.tar /tmp
	
		ENV	//设置启动容器的环境变量
			TZ=Asia/Shanghai
		EXPOSE	//使用镜像创建的容器默认监听使用的端口号/协议
			EXPOSE 1234/tcp //标识作用
	
		ENTRYPOINT	//容器默认的启动命令（唯一）
			ENTRYPOINT="echo"
			CMD="/bin/ls -l"
			执行顺序:${ENTRYPOINT} ${CMD} 
			容器启动输出:/bin/ls -l
	
		CMD	//容器默认的启动参数,启动的时候执行什么参数（唯一）
			CMD: ["/bin/ls","-l"] //cmd可被位置参数覆盖 


		创建镜像命令使用实例
			FROM mylinux:latest
			ADD myfile.tar /var/tmp
			COPY myfile.tar /tmp
			RUN touch /tmp/a.txt;useradd user001
			USER user001
			RUN touch /tmp/b.txt
			WORKDIR /tmp/
			RUN touch c.txt
			ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
			EXPOSE 1234/tcp
			CMD ["/bin/bash"]
	
	2.镜像构建命令
		docker build -t 镜像名:标签 Dockerfile所在目录/

二.制作镜像
	1.apache 镜像
		FROM mylinux:latest
		RUN  dnf install -y httpd php && dnf clean all
		COPY 00-mpm.conf /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-mpm.conf
		ADD  myweb.tar.gz /var/www/html/
		ENV  LANG=C
		WORKDIR /var/www/html/
		EXPOSE 80/tcp
		CMD  ["/usr/sbin/httpd", "-DFOREGROUND"]

	2.nginx 镜像
		FROM mylinux:latest
		ADD  nginx-1.22.1.tar.gz /
		WORKDIR /nginx-1.22.1
		RUN  dnf install -y openssl pcre
		RUN  dnf install -y openssl-devel pcre-devel gcc make
		RUN  dnf clean all
		RUN  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre --with-http_ssl_module
		RUN  make
		RUN  make install
		RUN  echo 'Nginx is running !' >/usr/local/nginx/html/index.html
		ENV  PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/nginx/sbin
		WORKDIR /usr/local/nginx
		EXPOSE 80/tcp
		CMD  ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

	3.多阶段镜像

		# 第一阶段编译程序
		FROM mylinux:latest as builder
		ADD  nginx-1.22.1.tar.gz /
		WORKDIR /nginx-1.22.1
		RUN  dnf install -y openssl-devel pcre-devel gcc make
		RUN  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre --with-http_ssl_module
		RUN  make
		RUN  make install
		RUN  echo 'Nginx is running !' >/usr/local/nginx/html/index.html
		
		# 第二阶段最终镜像
		FROM mylinux:latest
		RUN  dnf install -y pcre openssl && dnf clean all
		COPY --from=builder /usr/local/nginx /usr/local/nginx
		ENV  PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/nginx/sbin
		WORKDIR /usr/local/nginx
		EXPOSE 80/tcp
		CMD  ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

一.Dockerfile制作镜像的命令

1.Dockerfile文件的编写格式

       FROM   //指定基础镜像（唯一）
           FROM 镜像名:标签

       USER   //启动容器使用的用户,切换用户执行命令（唯一)
           相当与sudo -u nobody,切换用户执行命令
       RUN   //在容器内执行命令，可以写多条
           RUN touch /tmp/a.txt;touch /tmp/a.txt
       WORKDIR   //设置启动容器的默认工作目录（唯一）,替代cd命令
           WORKDIR /tmp/
           RUM touch a.txt

       ADD   //把文件拷贝到容器内，如果文件是tar.xx格式，会自动解压
           ADD myfile.tar /var/tmp
       COPY   //把文件拷贝到容器内，不会自动解压
           COPY myfile.tar /tmp

       ENV   //设置启动容器的环境变量
           TZ=Asia/Shanghai
       EXPOSE   //使用镜像创建的容器默认监听使用的端口号/协议
           EXPOSE 1234/tcp //标识作用

       ENTRYPOINT   //容器默认的启动命令（唯一）
           ENTRYPOINT="echo"
           CMD="/bin/ls -l"
           执行顺序:${ENTRYPOINT} ${CMD}
           容器启动输出:/bin/ls -l

       CMD   //容器默认的启动参数,启动的时候执行什么参数（唯一）
           CMD: ["/bin/ls","-l"] //cmd可被位置参数覆盖

       创建镜像命令使用实例
           FROM mylinux:latest
           ADD myfile.tar /var/tmp
           COPY myfile.tar /tmp
           RUN touch /tmp/a.txt;useradd user001
           USER user001
           RUN touch /tmp/b.txt
           WORKDIR /tmp/
           RUN touch c.txt
           ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
           EXPOSE 1234/tcp
           CMD ["/bin/bash"]

   2.镜像构建命令
       docker build -t 镜像名:标签 Dockerfile所在目录/

二.制作镜像
   1.apache 镜像
       FROM mylinux:latest
       RUN dnf install -y httpd php && dnf clean all
       COPY 00-mpm.conf /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/00-mpm.conf
       ADD myweb.tar.gz /var/www/html/
       ENV LANG=C
       WORKDIR /var/www/html/
       EXPOSE 80/tcp
       CMD ["/usr/sbin/httpd", "-DFOREGROUND"]

   2.nginx 镜像
       FROM mylinux:latest
       ADD nginx-1.22.1.tar.gz /
       WORKDIR /nginx-1.22.1
       RUN dnf install -y openssl pcre
       RUN dnf install -y openssl-devel pcre-devel gcc make
       RUN dnf clean all
       RUN ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre --with-http_ssl_module
       RUN make
       RUN make install
       RUN echo 'Nginx is running !' >/usr/local/nginx/html/index.html
       ENV PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/nginx/sbin
       WORKDIR /usr/local/nginx
       EXPOSE 80/tcp
       CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

3.多阶段镜像

       # 第一阶段编译程序
       FROM mylinux:latest as builder
       ADD nginx-1.22.1.tar.gz /
       WORKDIR /nginx-1.22.1
       RUN dnf install -y openssl-devel pcre-devel gcc make
       RUN ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre --with-http_ssl_module
       RUN make
       RUN make install
       RUN echo 'Nginx is running !' >/usr/local/nginx/html/index.html

       # 第二阶段最终镜像
       FROM mylinux:latest
       RUN dnf install -y pcre openssl && dnf clean all
       COPY --from=builder /usr/local/nginx /usr/local/nginx
       ENV PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/nginx/sbin
       WORKDIR /usr/local/nginx
       EXPOSE 80/tcp
       CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]