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PyTest自学 - pytest的各种执行方式

article 2025/1/23 1:43:27

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1 PyTest自学 - pytest的各种执行方式

不带任何参数执行
在命令行下将目录切换到测试用例所在目录，执行pytest

tyy@DESKTOP-G7V9IT0 ~
$ cd /cygdrive/d/TYYSOFT/Study/Python/pytest

tyy@DESKTOP-G7V9IT0 /cygdrive/d/TYYSOFT/Study/Python/pytest
$ pytest

带用例文件名执行

$ pytest test_feature_subfeature_sample_002.py

 pytest ./pytest/

注意：只支持执行子目录下的文件夹，不支持绝对路径。

执行指定文件中的指定函数

$ pytest test_feature_subfreature_sample_001_001.py::test_feature_subfeature_plus_001_001

输出：

======================================= test session starts =======================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.13.1, pytest-8.3.4, pluggy-1.5.0
rootdir: D:\TYYSOFT\Study\Python\pytest
collected 1 item

test_feature_subfreature_sample_001_001.py .                                                 [100%]

======================================== 1 passed in 0.01s ========================================

执行类中的所有用例

$ pytest test_feature_subfeature_sample_002.py::TestGroup

输出：

======================================= test session starts =======================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.13.1, pytest-8.3.4, pluggy-1.5.0
rootdir: D:\TYYSOFT\Study\Python\pytest
collected 2 items

test_feature_subfeature_sample_002.py .F                                                     [100%]

============================================ FAILURES =============================================
________________________ TestGroup.test_feature_subfeature_sample_002_002 _________________________

self = <test_feature_subfeature_sample_002.TestGroup object at 0x0000027875F2A350>

    def test_feature_subfeature_sample_002_002(self):
>       assert 6 + 3 == 7
E       assert (6 + 3) == 7

test_feature_subfeature_sample_002.py:9: AssertionError
===================================== short test summary info =====================================
FAILED test_feature_subfeature_sample_002.py::TestGroup::test_feature_subfeature_sample_002_002 - as
sert (6 + 3) == 7
=================================== 1 failed, 1 passed in 0.07s ===================================

执行指定类中的指定用例

$ pytest test_feature_subfeature_sample_002.py::TestGroup::test_feature_subfeature_sample_002_001

输出：

======================================= test session starts =======================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.13.1, pytest-8.3.4, pluggy-1.5.0
rootdir: D:\TYYSOFT\Study\Python\pytest
collected 1 item

test_feature_subfeature_sample_002.py .                                                      [100%]

======================================== 1 passed in 0.01s ========================================

执行多组测试数据
使用装饰器@pytest.mark.parametrize可以给测试用例传递多组测试数据，每组测试数据会单独执行。

import pytest


@pytest.mark.parametrize("input1, input2, expected", [
    (1, 2, 3),
    (4, 5, 7),
    (-1, 1, 0),
    (0, 0, 0)
])
def test_addition(input1, input2, expected):
    assert input1 + input2 == expected

执行结果

$ pytest test_feature_subfeature_withdata_001.py
======================================= test session starts =======================================
platform win32 -- Python 3.13.1, pytest-8.3.4, pluggy-1.5.0
rootdir: D:\TYYSOFT\Study\Python\pytest
collected 4 items

test_feature_subfeature_withdata_001.py .F..                                                 [100%]

============================================ FAILURES =============================================
______________________________________ test_addition[4-5-7] _______________________________________

input1 = 4, input2 = 5, expected = 7

    @pytest.mark.parametrize("input1, input2, expected", [
        (1, 2, 3),
        (4, 5, 7),
        (-1, 1, 0),
        (0, 0, 0)
    ])
    def test_addition(input1, input2, expected):
>       assert input1 + input2 == expected
E       assert (4 + 5) == 7

test_feature_subfeature_withdata_001.py:11: AssertionError
===================================== short test summary info =====================================
FAILED test_feature_subfeature_withdata_001.py::test_addition[4-5-7] - assert (4 + 5) == 7
=================================== 1 failed, 3 passed in 0.06s ===================================

不使用pytest命令行，直接运行py文件执行测试用例
有些读者觉得老要使用命令行执行用例就比较烦，能不能直接在py文件中直接运行？
只需要在py源文件中做两件事就可以达到这些效果：

import pytest
添加pytest.main()

示例如下：

import pytest


@pytest.mark.parametrize("input1, input2, expected", [
    (1, 2, 3),
    (4, 5, 7),
    (-1, 1, 0),
    (0, 0, 0)
])
def test_addition(input1, input2, expected):
    assert input1 + input2 == expected

pytest.main()