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article 2025/1/26 17:10:51

赛题拓扑：

题目：

安装WEB服务。
服务以用户webuser系统用户运行。
限制WEB服务只能使用系统500M物理内存。
全站点启用TLS访问，使用本机上的“CSK Global Root CA”颁发机构颁发，网站证书信息如下：

C = CN

ST = China

L = BeiJing

O = skills

OU = Operations Departments

CN = *.chinaskills.com
客户端访问https时应无浏览器（含终端）安全警告信息。
当用户使用http访问时自动跳转到https安全连接。
搭建www.chinaskills.cn站点。
网页文件放在StorgeSrv服务器上。
在StorageSrv上安装MriaDB，在本机上安装PHP，发布WordPress网站。
MariaDB数据库管理员信息：User: root/ Password: 000000。

[root@appsrv ~]# yum install httpd mod_ssl php php-mysql -y 
[root@appsrv ~]# useradd webuser
[root@appsrv ~]# vim /etc/passwd
  webuser:x:666:1001::/home/webuser:/bin/bash    #uid改为1000以下
[root@appsrv ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf  #修改66、67行
  User webuser
  Group webuser
[root@appsrv ~]# systemctl enable httpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
[root@appsrv ~]# vim /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service
[server]
memorylimit=500M
[root@appsrv ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@appsrv ~]# systemctl restart httpd

[root@appsrv ~]# mkdir /webdata
[root@appsrv ~]# vim /etc/fstab
 192.168.100.200:/webdata /webdata nfs defaults 0 0
[root@appsrv ~]# mount -a
[root@appsrv ~]# df -Th | grep /webdata
192.168.100.200:/webdata nfs4       20G  185M   19G    1% /webdata

先配置好CA证书颁发机构
[root@appsrv csk-rootca]# openssl genrsa -out httpd.key 2048
[root@appsrv csk-rootca]# openssl req -new -key httpd.key -out httpd.csr 
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2letter code)[XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name)[]:China
Locality Name (eg, city)[Default City]:BeiJing                           
Organization Name (eg, company)[Default Company Ltd]:skills
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section)[]:Operations Departments
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:*.chinaskills.cn
Email Address []:
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:
[root@appsrv csk-rootca]# openssl x509 -req -in http.csr  -CA /csk-rootca/csk-ca.pem -CAkey /csk-rootca/private/cakey.pem -CAcreateserial -out http.crt
Signature ok
subject=/C=CN/ST=China/L=BeiJing/O=skills/OU=Operations Departments/CN=*.chinaskills.cn
Getting CA Private Key
[root@appsrv csk-rootca]# scp http.* root@192.168.100.200:/root
The authenticity of host '192.168.100.200 (192.168.100.200)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:pWgL9ec8DMjRGJO79thzFylRMNnAsLGLY8TUc+RO8Ms.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:44:5c:51:9a:2c:1b:ff:7c:0c:13:09:d3:77:a9:8e:cd.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.100.200' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.100.200's password: 
http.crt                                        100% 1261     1.6MB/s   00:00    
http.csr                                        100% 1033     2.2MB/s   00:00    
http.key                                        100% 1675     2.9MB/s   00:00    
[root@appsrv csk-rootca]# scp http.* root@192.168.100.254:/root
The authenticity of host '192.168.100.254 (192.168.100.254)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:fbInU3tFkaQUhhZNSIsHGZOPMG1T1f3J55qqtzfdeAU.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:a4:fa:8d:39:a3:9c:c0:81:1b:f0:6b:5b:f1:31:9e:aa.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.100.254' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.100.254's password: 
http.crt                                         100% 1261     2.2MB/s   00:00    
http.csr                                         100% 1033     2.6MB/s   00:00    
http.key                                         100% 1675     3.4MB/s   00:00    
[root@appsrv csk-rootca]# cd
[root@appsrv ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/web.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
redirect permanent / https://www.chinaskills.cn/
</VirtualHost>
<virtualHost www.chinaskills.cn:443>
Documentroot "/webdata/wordpress"            网站根目录
servername www.chinaskills.cn                网站的域名
sslengine on                                 开启SSL
sslcertificatefile /csk-rootca/httpd.crt     网站证书的路径
sslcertificatekeyfile /csk-rootca/httpd.key  网站密钥的路径
<Directory /webdata >                        配置根目录的权限
require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
上传wordpress安装包
[root@appsrv ~]# unzip wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.zip 
[root@appsrv ~]# ls /webdata/
wordpress  wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.zip 
部署数据库：
[root@storagesrv ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@storagesrv ~]# mysql_secure_installation 
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): 
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y                           
New password: 000000
Re-enter new password: 000000
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!

By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] 
 ... Success!
 
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] 
 ... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] 
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] 
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...
All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!

[root@storagesrv ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 14
Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> create database wordpress;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 
'000000'with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> 
[root@storagesrv ~]#
[root@appsrv ~]# systemctl restart httpd

[root@insidecli ~]# cp csk-ca.pem /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/csk-ca.crt
[root@insidecli ~]# update-ca-trust 
[root@insidecli ~]# curl -I http://www.chinaskills.cn
[root@insidecli ~]# curl -I http://www.chinaskills.cn

insidecli浏览器访问https://www.chinaskills.cn发布网站

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