location的使用规则

1、基于URL的location 负责均衡配置

• 后端集群中的web服务器，必须要有对应的目录和文件才能被访问到

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;


 upstream default_pool {
    server 10.0.0.7:80  weight=1;
    server 10.0.0.8:80  weight=1;
}

 upstream bbs_pool {
    server 10.0.0.7:8080  weight=1;
    server 10.0.0.8:8080  weight=1;
}

 upstream blog_pool {
    server 10.0.0.7:8081  weight=1;
    server 10.0.0.8:8081  weight=1;
}

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.etiantian.org;

        # 直接访问网站根目录，跳转到后端服务器的对应网站根目录
        location / {                                                                         
            proxy_pass http://default_pool;
        }
        # 访问http://www.etiantian.org/static/.*，跳转到集群池中的某一台服务器中，这台服务器也要有相同的域名和/static/静态目录才能访问到数据 
        location /static/ {                                                               
            proxy_pass http://bbs_pool;
        }

        location /upload/ {                                                            //访问动态RUL，跳转到动态服务器池
            proxy_pass http://blog_pool;
        }
      ｝
 }

1.1、基于url的location，的反向代理

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.bbb.org;
    location /pic/ {
        proxy_pass http://www.accp.org;
    }
}
访问http://www.bbb.org/pic/test.jpg   跳转到http://www.accp.org/pic/test.jpg
注意：另一边必须也要有 /pic/test.jpg才能被访问到

2、基于扩展名的location

• 后端集群中的web服务器，必须要有对应的目录和文件才能被访问到

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;


 upstream www_pool {
    server 10.0.0.7:80  weight=1;
    server 10.0.0.8:80  weight=1;
}

 upstream bbs_pool {
    server 10.0.0.7:8080  weight=1;
    server 10.0.0.8:8080  weight=1;
}

 upstream blog_pool {
    server 10.0.0.7:8081  weight=1;
    server 10.0.0.8:8081  weight=1;
}

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.etiantian.org;

       # 访问http://www.etiantian.org/test.jpg  则跳转到集群池中的某天服务器，这台服务器也必须配置一样的域名并且有相同的test.jpg才能被访问
        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png|css|js)$ {                                       //匹配图片后缀时，跳转到图片服务器池
            proxy_pass http://www_pool;
        }

        location ~ .*\.(html|htm|ht)$ {                                              //匹配html..时，跳转到静态服务器池
            proxy_pass http://bbs_pool;
        }

        location ~ .*\.(jsp|php) {                                                       //匹配jsp|php时，跳转到动态服务器池
            proxy_pass http://blog_pool;
        }
       ｝
    }

3、基于本地与远端location

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.etiantian.org;


        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png|css|js)$ {                                          //匹配jpg|gif时，跳转到图片服务器池
            proxy_pass http://www_pool;
        }

        location ~ .*\.(html|htm|ht)$ {                                                  //匹配html时，访问本地站点目录
             root /data/bbs;
             index   index.html;
        }
    }


(1)访问静态文件gif、jpg等都在本地打开，存放的目录为/usr/local/nginx/html，保存时间为30天  
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$   {
           root         /usr/local/nginx/html;  
          expires      30d;  
         ｝
         
(2)访问动态文件，都抛向后端
 location ~ (\.jsp)|(\.do)$  ｛
 proxy_pass http://10.1.88.168:8080;
｝


####################################
server
{
        listen  80
        server_name xxxxxxx;

        location / {

        #rewrite ^/      http://211.155.82.174:80  permanent;
        proxy_pass http://211.155.82.174:80;
        #proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
        proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
        proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}

4、某公司location使用规则

server {
        listen       80;
        listen [::]:80;
        server_name  beta.deepcloudsdp.com saas2.deepcloudsdp.com;   # 域名
        root /project/redcore/webRoot/public;                        # 本地站点目录
        index index.html;                                            # 默认访问页面

        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;

        location ~* /client/v[345]/push/sse {                        # 当访问http://beta.deepclousdsp.com/client/v3/push/see/xxx
           rewrite /client/v[345]/push(.*) $1 break;                 # 跳转到http://beta.deepclousdsp.com/client/v3/pushxxx 之后会break就不再让下走了
           proxy_pass http://172.17.123.5:8181;
           proxy_set_header Connection '';
           proxy_http_version 1.1;
           chunked_transfer_encoding off;
           proxy_buffering off;
           proxy_cache off;
           proxy_read_timeout 600s;
           proxy_connect_timeout 600;
        }

5、常用的location规则

(1) /表示直接访问域名则访问站点目录
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.wenqiang.com;
    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }
}

(2)当访问http://www.wenqiang.com/index.html 时跳转到 http://www.test.com/index.html（前提示这两个url都真实存在）
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.wenqiang.com;
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://www.test.com;
    }
}

(3) 当访问http://www.wenqiang.com/b/index.html时 跳转到http://www.test.com/b/index.html（前提示这两个url都真实存在）
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.wenqiang.com;
    location /b {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
        proxy_pass http://www.test.com;
    }
}

(4) 当访问http://www.test.com/b/c/时，系统会去/usr/share/nginx/html/b/c/下面查找index.html，找到则返回结果
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name www.test.com;
    location /b/c/ {
        root /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index index.html;
    }
}
# curl www.test.com/b/c/   # 注意最后要加/
test
    
    
(5) 匹配到http://www.wnqiang.com/c/目录时或http://www.wnqiang.com/c/xxx时， 跳转到 http://www.test.com/c/index.html或http://www.test.com/c/xxx（前提是c目录必须存在且跳转的url也存在）
# 匹配任何以 /images/ 开头的任何查询并且停止搜索    
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.wenqiang.com;
    location ^~ /c/ {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
        proxy_pass http://www.test.com;
    }
}