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基于RIP的MGRE实验

article 2025/1/30 17:33:44

实验拓扑

实验要求

按照图示配置IP地址
配置静态路由协议，搞通公网
配置MGRE VPN
NHRP的配置
配置RIP路由协议来传递两端私网路由
测试全网通

实验配置

1、配置IP地址

[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 15.0.0.1 24
[R1]int LoopBack 0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.1 24

[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 25.0.0.2 24
[R2]int LoopBack 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.2.2 24

[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 35.0.0.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.3.3 24

[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.4 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.4.4 24

[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 15.0.0.5 24
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 25.0.0.5 24
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 45.0.0.5 24
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g4/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip add 35.0.0.5 24

2、配置静态路由，搞通公网

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 15.0.0.5
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 25.0.0.5
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 35.0.0.5
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.5

3、配置总部与分部之间的隧道-MGRE VPN

[R1]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 192.168.5.1 24
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 15.0.0.1

[R2]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 192.168.5.2 24
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]source 25.0.0.2

[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 192.168.5.3 24
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 35.0.0.3

[R4]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 192.168.5.4 24
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]source 45.0.0.4

4、NHRP的配置

中心站点配置：

创建NHRP域
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100

分支站点配置：

[R2]int Tunnel 0/0/0
//分支加入中心站点域100
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100   
// 分支找中心注册自己的信息
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.5.1 15.0.0.1 register   

[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.5.1 15.0.0.1 register

[R4]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.5.1 15.0.0.1 register

测试：查看中心站点NHRP表

5、配置RIP路由协议来传递两端私网路由

[R1]rip 1
[R1-rip-1]undo summary
[R1-rip-1]version 2
[R1-rip-1]network 192.168.1.0
[R1-rip-1]network 192.168.5.0

[R2]rip 1
[R2-rip-1]undo summary
[R2-rip-1]version 2
[R2-rip-1]network 192.168.2.0
[R2-rip-1]network 192.168.5.0

[R3]rip 1
[R3-rip-1]undo summary
[R3-rip-1]version 2
[R3-rip-1]network 192.168.3.0
[R3-rip-1]network 192.168.5.0

[R4]rip 1
[R4-rip-1]undo summary
[R4-rip-1]version 2
[R4-rip-1]network 192.168.4.0
[R4-rip-1]network 192.168.5.0

查看各个设备的RIP路由表学习情况，会发现只有中心站点学习到了分支站点的网段，而分支站点没有学习到任何其他站点的网点。

解决方法：

在中心上开启伪广播，目的：告诉分支站点，中心站点及其他分支站点的私网网段信息，

[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic

此时新的问题出现，分支站点并没有像预想的那样获得完整网段信息，这跟RIP的水平分割机制有关。

解决方法：关闭RIP的水平分割机制

[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]undo rip split-horizon
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]undo rip split-horizon
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]undo rip split-horizon
[R4-Tunnel0/0/0]undo rip split-horizon

测试：查看分支站点的RIP路由表学习情况