定制Centos镜像（二）
本章是对上篇文章的扩展：
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_50247813/article/details/145286244
上篇文章学习了如何自定义镜像安装。这篇介绍如何在定制镜像的时候安装其他软件； （源文件参考上篇文章）
根据上篇文章的步骤，只需要把第6步做完
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自定义安装的时候安装: vim-enhanced，net-tools，telnet，wget，rsync，lsof，docker-ce 软件
vim 软件包名全称是
vim-enhanced1.1. 将需要安装的软件包以及依赖下载到 Centos-install/Packages里面
由于Centos默认的yum源的docker版本很低，所有docker安装不使用默认的源，使用阿里云的yum源。
# yum install -y yum-utils
# yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo# yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/root/Centos-install/Packages/ vim-enhanced net-tools telnet wget rsync lsof # yum install --downloadonly --enablerepo=docker-ce-stable --downloaddir=/root/Centos-install/Packages/ docker-ce1.2. 重新修改 *-comps.xml 文件，将vim-enhanced，net-tools，telnet，wget，rsync，lsof，docker添加进去。
必须在最小型安裝后面的
packagelist里面添加包名。
<packagereq type=“default”>vim-enhanced 中 type=“default” 表示该软件包是软件包组的 默认成员，当用户安装这个软件包组时，vim-enhanced 软件包将被自动安装，但用户可以选择不安装它。
还有其他选项：
type=“mandatory”：这个属性表示该软件包是软件包组的 强制性成员。当用户安装这个软件包组时，软件包将被自动安装，而无需用户手动选择。
type=“optional”：这个属性表示该软件包是软件包组的 可选成员。当用户安装这个软件包组时， 软件包不会自动安装，用户可以选择是否安装它。# cd /root/Centos-install/repodata/ # shopt -s extglob # rm -f !(*-comps.xml) # mv *-comps.xml comps.xml # cat comps.xml <name xml:lang="zh_CN">核心</name> <name xml:lang="zh_TW">核心</name> <name xml:lang="zu">Okuyikhona</name> <description>Smallest possible installation.</description> <description xml:lang="as">ন্যূনতম ইনস্টল।</description> <description xml:lang="bn">ন্যূনতম ইনস্টলেশন।</description> <description xml:lang="cs">Nejmenší možná instalace.</description> <description xml:lang="de">Kleinstmögliche Installation.</description> <description xml:lang="de_CH">Kleinstmögliche Installation.</description> <description xml:lang="es">La instalación más pequeña posible.</description> <description xml:lang="fr">Plus petite installation possible.</description> <description xml:lang="gu">નાનામાં નાના શક્ય સ્થાપન.</description> <description xml:lang="hi">लघुतम संभावित संस्थापन.</description> <description xml:lang="ia">Le minime possibile installation.</description> <description xml:lang="it">Minima installazione possibile.</description> <description xml:lang="ja">最小限のインストール</description> <description xml:lang="kn">ಅತ್ಯಲ್ಪಸಾಧ್ಯ ಅನುಸ್ಥಾಪನೆ.</description> <description xml:lang="ko">가능한 최소 설치</description> <description xml:lang="ml">സാധ്യമായ ഏറ്റവും ചെറിയ ഇന്<200d>സ്റ്റലേഷന്<200d>.</description> <description xml:lang="mr">शक्यतया सर्वात लहान प्रतिष्ठापन.</description> <description xml:lang="or">କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ରତମ ସମ୍ଭାବ୍ଯ ସ୍ଥାପନା।</description> <description xml:lang="pa">ਘੱਟੋ-ਘੱਟ ਸੰਭਵ ਇੰਸਟਾਲੇਸ਼ਨ।</description> <description xml:lang="pl">Najmniejsza możliwa instalacja.</description> <description xml:lang="pt_BR">Menor instalação possível</description> <description xml:lang="ru">Минимально возможная установка</description> <description xml:lang="sv">Minsta möjliga installation</description> <description xml:lang="ta">மிகச் சிறிய செயல்படுத்தக்கூடிய நிறுவல்.</description> <description xml:lang="te">సాధ్యమగు అతిచిన్న సంస్థాపన.</description> <description xml:lang="uk">Мінімально можливе встановлення.</description> <description xml:lang="zh">最小型安裝。</description> <description xml:lang="zh_CN">最小可能安装。</description> <description xml:lang="zh_TW">最小型安裝。</description> <default>false</default> <uservisible>false</uservisible> <packagelist> ... ... <packagereq type="default">vim-enhanced</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">net-tools</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">telnet</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">wget</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">rsync</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">lsof</packagereq> <packagereq type="default">docker-ce</packagereq> ... ... </packagelist>1.3. 重新生成yum元数据
# createrepo -g /root/Centos-install/repodata/comps.xml /root/Centos-install Spawning worker 0 with 365 pkgs Workers Finished Saving Primary metadata Saving file lists metadata Saving other metadata Generating sqlite DBs Sqlite DBs complete -
在ks中配置启动docker，并把默认的yum源修改为阿里云
由于涉及到uefi和bios引导所有两个ks文件都需要修改，修改内容一致，这里只展示一个。
在系统安装完后执行。# cat Centos-install/isolinux/bios.cfg ... ... %post rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/* echo "[base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/\$releasever/os/\$basearch/ http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/\$releasever/os/\$basearch/ http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/\$releasever/os/\$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 " > /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo systemctl enable docker --now %end ... ... -
创建自定义iso镜像。
# cd Centos-install/ # mkisofs -untranslated-filenames -volid "CentOS 7 x86_64" -J -joliet-long -rational-rock -translation-table -input-charset utf-8 -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -eltorito-alt-boot -e images/efiboot.img -no-emul-boot -o /root/Centos-build-20250201.iso -graft-points /root/Centos-install -
使用自定义的iso镜像创建系统后，测试效果。
[root@192 ~]# rpm -qa | egrep 'vim-enhanced|net-tools|telnet|wget|rsync|lsof' vim-enhanced-7.4.629-8.el7_9.x86_64 net-tools-2.0-0.25.20131004git.el7.x86_64 lsof-4.87-6.el7.x86_64 rsync-3.1.2-12.el7_9.x86_64 wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64 telnet-0.17-66.el7.x86_64 [root@192 ~]# rpm -qa | grep docker docker-ce-26.1.4-1.el7.x86_64 docker-compose-plugin-2.27.1-1.el7.x86_64 docker-ce-cli-26.1.4-1.el7.x86_64 docker-ce-rootless-extras-26.1.4-1.el7.x86_64 docker-buildx-plugin-0.14.1-1.el7.x86_64[root@192 ~]# systemctl status docker ● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Fri 2025-01-31 20:24:03 EST; 7h left Docs: https://docs.docker.com Main PID: 866 (dockerd) Tasks: 8 Memory: 105.8M CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service └─866 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock Jan 31 20:24:02 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Docker Application Container Engine... Jan 31 20:24:02 localhost.localdomain dockerd[866]: time="2025-01-31T20:24:02.852110125-05:00" level=info msg="Starting up" Jan 31 20:24:02 localhost.localdomain dockerd[866]: time="2025-01-31T20:24:02.960516801-05:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: start." Jan 31 20:24:03 localhost.localdomain dockerd[866]: time="2025-01-31T20:24:03.168511723-05:00" level=info msg="Loading containers: done." Jan 31 20:24:03 localhost.localdomain dockerd[866]: time="2025-01-31T20:24:03.182787827-05:00" level=info msg="Docker daemon" commit=de5c9cf containerd-snap...on=26.1.4 Jan 31 20:24:03 localhost.localdomain dockerd[866]: time="2025-01-31T20:24:03.183180333-05:00" level=info msg="Daemon has completed initialization" Jan 31 20:24:03 localhost.localdomain dockerd[866]: time="2025-01-31T20:24:03.252357348-05:00" level=info msg="API listen on /run/docker.sock" Jan 31 20:24:03 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine. Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.[root@192 ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo [base] name=CentOS- - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com failovermethod=priority baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos//os// http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos//os// http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos//os// gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7测试结果与实际情况符合。