python处理json文件

1 普通类处理:

import json

class MotorModel:
    def __init__(self, name: str, rate: int, value: int):
        self.name = name
        self.rate = rate
        self.value = value

# 示例 motor_list
motor_list = [
    MotorModel('motor100', 1, 100),
    MotorModel('motor200', 2, 50),
    MotorModel('motor300', 3, 110),
]

# 将 MotorModel 对象转换为字典
def motor_to_dict(motor):
    return {
        'name': motor.name,
        'rate': motor.rate,
        'value': motor.value
    }

# 将 motor_list 转换为字典列表
motor_dict_list = [motor_to_dict(motor) for motor in motor_list]

# 保存为 JSON 文件
with open('motors.json', 'w') as f:
    json.dump(motor_dict_list, f, indent=4)

# 从字典创建 MotorModel 对象
def dict_to_motor(motor_dict):
    return MotorModel(
        name=motor_dict['name'],
        rate=motor_dict['rate'],
        value=motor_dict['value']
    )

# 从 JSON 文件中读取数据
with open('motors.json', 'r') as f:
    motor_dict_list = json.load(f)

# 将字典列表转换为 MotorModel 对象列表
motor_list_loaded = [dict_to_motor(motor_dict) for motor_dict in motor_dict_list]

# 打印加载的对象列表
for motor in motor_list_loaded:
    print(f"Name: {motor.name}, Rate: {motor.rate}, Value: {motor.value}")

2 数据类处理(推荐)

from dataclasses import dataclass, asdict
import json
from typing import List


@dataclass
class Model:
    Name: str
    Id: int
    Value: str
    Rate: int


def WriteFile(models: List[Model], filename: str) -> None:
    """
    将 Model 对象列表写入 JSON 文件
    """
    # 将 Model 对象列表转换为字典列表
    models_dict = [asdict(model) for model in models]

    # 写入 JSON 文件
    with open(filename, 'w') as f:
        json.dump(models_dict, f, indent=4)


def ReadFile(filename: str) -> List[Model]:
    """
    从 JSON 文件读取并解析为 Model 对象列表
    """
    # 从 JSON 文件读取字典列表
    with open(filename, 'r') as f:
        models_dict = json.load(f)

    # 将字典列表转换为 Model 对象列表
    models = [Model(**model_dict) for model_dict in models_dict]
    return models


# 示例数据
models = [
    Model(Name="motor100", Id=1, Value="100", Rate=10),
    Model(Name="motor200", Id=2, Value="200", Rate=20),
    Model(Name="motor300", Id=3, Value="300", Rate=30),
]

# 写入 JSON 文件
#WriteFile(models, 'models.json')

# 从 JSON 文件读取
loaded_models = ReadFile('models.json')

# 打印读取的数据
for model in loaded_models:
    print(model)