使用Python开发PPTX压缩工具

引言

在日常办公中，PPT文件往往因为图片过大而导致文件体积过大，不便于传输和存储。为了应对这一问题，我们可以使用Python的wxPython图形界面库结合python-pptx和Pillow，开发一个简单的PPTX压缩工具。本文将详细介绍如何实现这一功能。
C:\pythoncode\new\compresspptx.py

全部代码

import wx
import os
from pptx import Presentation
from PIL import Image
import io

class CompressorFrame(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(parent=None, title='PPTX压缩工具')
        self.panel = wx.Panel(self)
        self.create_ui()
        
    def create_ui(self):
        vbox = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        
        # 文件选择部分
        hbox1 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
        self.file_path = wx.TextCtrl(self.panel, size=(300, -1))
        browse_btn = wx.Button(self.panel, label='选择文件')
        browse_btn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.on_browse)
        hbox1.Add(self.file_path, proportion=1, flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, border=5)
        hbox1.Add(browse_btn, flag=wx.ALL, border=5)
        
        # 压缩按钮
        compress_btn = wx.Button(self.panel, label='开始压缩')
        compress_btn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.on_compress)
        
        # 进度条
        self.progress = wx.Gauge(self.panel, range=100, size=(400, 25))
        
        # 状态文本
        self.status_text = wx.StaticText(self.panel, label="")
        
        vbox.Add(hbox1, flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, border=5)
        vbox.Add(compress_btn, flag=wx.ALIGN_CENTER|wx.ALL, border=5)
        vbox.Add(self.progress, flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, border=5)
        vbox.Add(self.status_text, flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, border=5)
        
        self.panel.SetSizer(vbox)
        self.Fit()
        
    def on_browse(self, event):
        with wx.FileDialog(self, "选择PPTX文件", wildcard="PowerPoint files (*.pptx)|*.pptx",
                         style=wx.FD_OPEN | wx.FD_FILE_MUST_EXIST) as fileDialog:
            if fileDialog.ShowModal() == wx.ID_CANCEL:
                return
            path = fileDialog.GetPath()
            path = os.path.normpath(path.strip('"'))
            self.file_path.SetValue(path)
            
    def update_status(self, text):
        wx.CallAfter(self.status_text.SetLabel, text)
            
    def on_compress(self, event):
        if not self.file_path.GetValue():
            wx.MessageBox('请先选择文件', '提示', wx.OK | wx.ICON_INFORMATION)
            return
            
        input_path = self.file_path.GetValue().strip('"')
        input_path = os.path.normpath(input_path)
        
        if not os.path.exists(input_path):
            wx.MessageBox('文件不存在，请检查路径', '错误', wx.OK | wx.ICON_ERROR)
            return
            
        output_path = self._get_output_path(input_path)
        
        try:
            self._compress_pptx(input_path, output_path)
            wx.MessageBox('压缩完成！\n保存路径：' + output_path, 
                         '成功', wx.OK | wx.ICON_INFORMATION)
        except Exception as e:
            wx.MessageBox(f'压缩过程中出错：{str(e)}', 
                         '错误', wx.OK | wx.ICON_ERROR)
        finally:
            self.progress.SetValue(0)
            self.update_status("")
            
    def _get_output_path(self, input_path):
        directory = os.path.dirname(input_path)
        filename = os.path.basename(input_path)
        name, ext = os.path.splitext(filename)
        return os.path.join(directory, f"{name}_compressed{ext}")
        
    def _compress_pptx(self, input_path, output_path):
        try:
            prs = Presentation(input_path)
        except Exception as e:
            raise Exception(f"无法打开PPTX文件: {str(e)}")
            
        total_slides = len(prs.slides)
        processed_images = 0
        skipped_images = 0
        
        for i, slide in enumerate(prs.slides):
            self.update_status(f"正在处理第 {i+1}/{total_slides} 张幻灯片")
            
            shapes_with_images = []
            for shape in slide.shapes:
                if hasattr(shape, "image"):
                    shapes_with_images.append(shape)
            
            for shape in shapes_with_images:
                try:
                    # 获取图片数据
                    image_bytes = shape.image.blob
                    
                    # 使用PIL压缩图片
                    with Image.open(io.BytesIO(image_bytes)) as img:
                        # 转换RGBA为RGB
                        if img.mode == 'RGBA':
                            img = img.convert('RGB')
                            
                        # 压缩图片
                        # 如果图片较大，调整尺寸
                        max_size = 800  # 最大尺寸为1024像素
                        if img.width > max_size or img.height > max_size:
                            ratio = min(max_size/img.width, max_size/img.height)
                            new_size = (int(img.width * ratio), int(img.height * ratio))
                            img = img.resize(new_size, Image.LANCZOS)
                        
                        output_buffer = io.BytesIO()
                        img.save(output_buffer, format='JPEG', quality=10, optimize=True)
                        
                        # 替换原图片
                        shape._element.blip.embed.rId = shape._element.blip.embed.rId
                        new_image = output_buffer.getvalue()
                        
                        # 更新图片数据
                        image_part = shape.image
                        image_part._blob = new_image
                        
                    processed_images += 1
                except Exception as e:
                    print(f"处理图片时出错: {str(e)}")
                    skipped_images += 1
                    continue
                    
            # 更新进度条
            progress = int((i + 1) / total_slides * 100)
            wx.CallAfter(self.progress.SetValue, progress)
            
        self.update_status(f"完成！成功处理 {processed_images} 张图片，跳过 {skipped_images} 张图片")
            
        try:
            prs.save(output_path)
        except Exception as e:
            raise Exception(f"保存文件时出错: {str(e)}")

def main():
    app = wx.App()
    frame = CompressorFrame()
    frame.Show()
    app.MainLoop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

环境准备

在开始之前，我们需要安装以下Python库：

• wxPython：用于创建图形用户界面
• python-pptx：用于处理PPTX文件
• Pillow：用于图片压缩

安装命令：

pip install wxPython python-pptx Pillow

代码结构

代码主要包括以下几个部分：

1. 图形界面设计
2. 文件选择与压缩功能
3. 图片压缩逻辑

代码实现

导入必要模块

import wx
import os
from pptx import Presentation
from PIL import Image
import io

创建主窗口

主窗口CompressorFrame继承自wx.Frame，用于展示UI组件。

class CompressorFrame(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(parent=None, title='PPTX压缩工具')
        self.panel = wx.Panel(self)
        self.create_ui()
        
    def create_ui(self):
        vbox = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
        
        # 文件选择部分
        hbox1 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)
        self.file_path = wx.TextCtrl(self.panel, size=(300, -1))
        browse_btn = wx.Button(self.panel, label='选择文件')
        browse_btn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.on_browse)
        hbox1.Add(self.file_path, proportion=1, flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, border=5)
        hbox1.Add(browse_btn, flag=wx.ALL, border=5)
        
        # 压缩按钮
        compress_btn = wx.Button(self.panel, label='开始压缩')
        compress_btn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.on_compress)
        
        # 进度条
        self.progress = wx.Gauge(self.panel, range=100, size=(400, 25))
        
        # 状态文本
        self.status_text = wx.StaticText(self.panel, label="")
        
        vbox.Add(hbox1, flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, border=5)
        vbox.Add(compress_btn, flag=wx.ALIGN_CENTER|wx.ALL, border=5)
        vbox.Add(self.progress, flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, border=5)
        vbox.Add(self.status_text, flag=wx.EXPAND|wx.ALL, border=5)
        
        self.panel.SetSizer(vbox)
        self.Fit()

文件选择功能

通过文件对话框让用户选择PPTX文件。

def on_browse(self, event):
    with wx.FileDialog(self, "选择PPTX文件", wildcard="PowerPoint files (*.pptx)|*.pptx",
                     style=wx.FD_OPEN | wx.FD_FILE_MUST_EXIST) as fileDialog:
        if fileDialog.ShowModal() == wx.ID_CANCEL:
            return
        path = fileDialog.GetPath()
        self.file_path.SetValue(os.path.normpath(path.strip('"')))

压缩功能实现

1. 压缩图片逻辑：

   • 使用Pillow库压缩PPT中的图片，将其转换为JPEG格式，并降低质量以减少文件大小。
   • 限制图片的最大尺寸，保持图片的可视质量。

2. 更新进度条与状态：

   • 使用wx.Gauge展示处理进度。
   • 实时更新处理状态。

def _compress_pptx(self, input_path, output_path):
    prs = Presentation(input_path)
    total_slides = len(prs.slides)
    processed_images = 0
    skipped_images = 0
    
    for i, slide in enumerate(prs.slides):
        self.update_status(f"正在处理第 {i+1}/{total_slides} 张幻灯片")
        
        shapes_with_images = [shape for shape in slide.shapes if hasattr(shape, "image")]
        
        for shape in shapes_with_images:
            try:
                image_bytes = shape.image.blob
                with Image.open(io.BytesIO(image_bytes)) as img:
                    if img.mode == 'RGBA':
                        img = img.convert('RGB')
                    max_size = 800
                    if img.width > max_size or img.height > max_size:
                        ratio = min(max_size/img.width, max_size/img.height)
                        new_size = (int(img.width * ratio), int(img.height * ratio))
                        img = img.resize(new_size, Image.LANCZOS)
                    output_buffer = io.BytesIO()
                    img.save(output_buffer, format='JPEG', quality=10, optimize=True)
                    new_image = output_buffer.getvalue()
                    shape.image._blob = new_image
                processed_images += 1
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"处理图片时出错: {str(e)}")
                skipped_images += 1
        wx.CallAfter(self.progress.SetValue, int((i + 1) / total_slides * 100))
    
    self.update_status(f"完成！成功处理 {processed_images} 张图片，跳过 {skipped_images} 张图片")
    prs.save(output_path)

主函数

启动wxPython应用程序。

def main():
    app = wx.App()
    frame = CompressorFrame()
    frame.Show()
    app.MainLoop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

运行结果