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selenium环境搭建

article 2025/2/22 16:56:13

1. 安装selenium

pip install selenium -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/

如遇以下报错

 Getting requirements to build wheel ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [36 lines of output]
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "D:\PythonProject\.venv\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 389, in <module>
          main()
          ~~~~^^
        File "D:\PythonProject\.venv\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 373, in main
          json_out["return_val"] = hook(**hook_input["kwargs"])
                                   ~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "D:\PythonProject\.venv\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 143, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          return hook(config_settings)
        File "C:\Users\31551\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-yt9hgd8d\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 334, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
          return self._get_build_requires(config_settings, requirements=[])
                 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "C:\Users\31551\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-yt9hgd8d\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 304, in _get_build_requires
          self.run_setup()
          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
        File "C:\Users\31551\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-yt9hgd8d\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 320, in run_setup
          exec(code, locals())
          ~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "<string>", line 126, in <module>
        File "<string>", line 105, in uses_msvc
        File "C:\Users\31551\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-yt9hgd8d\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\command\config.py", line 220, in try_compile  
          self._compile(body, headers, include_dirs, lang)
          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "C:\Users\31551\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-yt9hgd8d\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\command\config.py", line 132, in _compile     
          self.compiler.compile([src], include_dirs=include_dirs)
          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "C:\Users\31551\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-yt9hgd8d\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\_msvccompiler.py", line 379, in compile       
          self.initialize()
          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^
        File "C:\Users\31551\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-yt9hgd8d\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\_msvccompiler.py", line 289, in initialize    
          vc_env = _get_vc_env(plat_spec)
        File "C:\Users\31551\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-yt9hgd8d\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\_msvccompiler.py", line 150, in _get_vc_env   
          raise DistutilsPlatformError(
          ...<3 lines>...
          )
      distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or greater is required. Get it with "Microsoft C++ Build Tools": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/visual-cpp-build-tools/
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: subprocess-exited-with-error

先安装Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools，这是一个免费的工具集，包含了必要的编译器和库，可以用来编译Python扩展。
步骤如下：

访问Microsoft官方网站下载页面：
Visual C++ Build Tools
选择“工具”部分，然后选择“Visual C++ 生成工具”，点击“下载”。
安装过程中，确保选择“用于桌面C++开发”的工作负载。
安装完成后，重新打开命令行窗口，再次尝试安装Python包。

出现以下提示代表selenium安装成功

Successfully installed attrs-25.1.0 certifi-2025.1.31 cffi-1.17.1 h11-0.14.0 idna-3.10 outcome-1.3.0.post0 pycparser-2.22 pysocks-1.7.1 selenium-4.28.1 sniffio-1.3.1 sortedcontainers-2.4.0 trio-0.29.0 trio-websocket-0.12.1 typing_extensions-4.12.2 urllib3-2.3.0 websocket-client-1.8.0 wsproto-1.2.0