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无框架简易Java服务器后端

article 2025/2/27 11:18:58

不使用像 Spring Boot 这样的框架，使用 Java 内置的HttpServer（从 Java 1.7 开始引入）来创建一个简单的 Web 后端，处理xxxx/test/query接口，接收 JSON 请求体并返回字符串响应。

示例代码：

import com.google.gson.Gson;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URI;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler;
import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;

public class SimpleWebServer {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        HttpServer server = HttpServer.create(new InetSocketAddress(8080), 0);
        server.createContext("/test/query", new QueryHandler());
        server.setExecutor(null);
        server.start();
        System.out.println("Server started on port 8080");
    }

    static class QueryHandler implements HttpHandler {
        @Override
        public void handle(HttpExchange exchange) throws IOException {
            if ("POST".equals(exchange.getRequestMethod())) {
                // 读取请求体
                BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(exchange.getRequestBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
                StringBuilder requestBody = new StringBuilder();
                String line;
                while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                    requestBody.append(line);
                }
                reader.close();

                // 这里可以对请求体进行处理，比如解析JSON数据
                // 目前只是简单打印请求体
                System.out.println("Received request body: " + requestBody.toString());

                // 构造响应
                String response = "这是接口的响应字符串";
                exchange.sendResponseHeaders(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK, response.length());
                OutputStream outputStream = exchange.getResponseBody();
                outputStream.write(response.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
                outputStream.close();
            } else {
                // 处理非POST请求
                exchange.sendResponseHeaders(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED, 0);
            }
        }
    }
}