从零开始掌握接口测试:RESTful/WebSocket/gRPC实战宝典
1. RESTful接口测试全流程
- Postman自动化测试脚本:
// 在Postman的Tests标签中编写断言 pm.test("Status code is 200", () => pm.response.to.have.status(200)); pm.test("Response data is valid", () => { const data = pm.response.json(); pm.expect(data.userId).to.eql(1); });
- JMeter压力测试配置:
- 线程组:设置并发用户数、Ramp-Up时间。
- 断言:添加响应断言(检查JSON Path)。
2. WebSocket实时通信测试
- 浏览器控制台测试:
const socket = new WebSocket("ws://echo.websocket.org"); socket.onmessage = (event) => console.log("Received: " + event.data); socket.send("Hello Server!");
- 断线重连测试:
socket.onclose = () => setTimeout(() => { socket = new WebSocket(socket.url); // 自动重连 }, 3000);
3. gRPC接口测试实战
- BloomRPC工具使用:
- 导入.proto文件 → 2. 填写请求参数 → 3. 查看流式响应。
- Python gRPC客户端示例:
import grpc from example_pb2 import Request from example_pb2_grpc import ExampleServiceStub channel = grpc.insecure_channel('localhost:50051') stub = ExampleServiceStub(channel) response = stub.GetData(Request(query="test"))