Apache SeaTunnel脚本升级及参数调优实战
最近作者针对实时数仓的Apache SeaTunnel同步链路,完成了双引擎架构升级与全链路参数深度调优,希望本文能够给大家有所启发,欢迎批评指正!
Apache SeaTunnel 版本 :2.3.9
Doris版本:2.0.6
MySQL JDBC Connector : 8.0.28
架构升级
-
批处理链路:JDBC并行度进行提升,基于ID分区实现分片读取,结合批量参数(fetch_size=10000+batch_size=5000)使全量同步吞吐量大幅增加
-
实时增量链路:引入MySQL-CDC组件,通过initial快照模式+chunk.size.rows=8096实现全量/增量平滑切换,事件延迟压降至500ms内
稳定性增强
-
资源管控:JDBC连接池动态扩容(max_size=20)+ CDC限流策略(rows_per_second=1000),源库CPU峰值负载下降40%
-
容错机制:Doris两阶段提交(enable-2pc=true)配合检查点(checkpoint.interval=10s),故障恢复时间缩短80%
写入优化
-
缓冲区三级联控(buffer-size=10000+buffer-count=3+flush.interval=5s)提升Doris写入批次质量
-
Tablet粒度控制(request_tablet_size=5)使BE节点负载均衡度提升
实战演示
同步之前创建Doris表
-- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS ods.ods_activity_info_full;
CREATE TABLE ods.ods_activity_info_full
(
`id` VARCHAR(255) COMMENT '活动id',
`k1` DATE NOT NULL COMMENT '分区字段',
`activity_name` STRING COMMENT '活动名称',
`activity_type` STRING COMMENT '活动类型',
`activity_desc` STRING COMMENT '活动描述',
`start_time` STRING COMMENT '开始时间',
`end_time` STRING COMMENT '结束时间',
`create_time` STRING COMMENT '创建时间'
)
ENGINE=OLAP -- 使用Doris的OLAP引擎,适用于高并发分析场景
UNIQUE KEY(`id`,`k1`) -- 唯一键约束,保证(id, k1)组合的唯一性(Doris聚合模型特性)
COMMENT '活动信息全量表'
PARTITION BY RANGE(`k1`) () -- 按日期范围分区(具体分区规则由动态分区配置决定)
DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(`id`) -- 按id哈希分桶,保证相同id的数据分布在同一节点
PROPERTIES
(
"replication_allocation" = "tag.location.default: 1", -- 副本分配策略:默认标签分配1个副本
"is_being_synced" = "false", -- 是否处于同步状态(通常保持false)
"storage_format" = "V2", -- 存储格式版本(V2支持更高效压缩和索引)
"light_schema_change" = "true", -- 启用轻量级schema变更(仅修改元数据,无需数据重写)
"disable_auto_compaction" = "false", -- 启用自动压缩(合并小文件提升查询性能)
"enable_single_replica_compaction" = "false", -- 禁用单副本压缩(多副本时保持数据一致性)
"dynamic_partition.enable" = "true", -- 启用动态分区
"dynamic_partition.time_unit" = "DAY", -- 按天创建分区
"dynamic_partition.start" = "-60", -- 保留最近60天的历史分区
"dynamic_partition.end" = "3", -- 预先创建未来3天的分区
"dynamic_partition.prefix" = "p", -- 分区名前缀(如p20240101)
"dynamic_partition.buckets" = "32", -- 每个分区的分桶数(影响并行度)
"dynamic_partition.create_history_partition" = "true", -- 自动创建缺失的历史分区
"bloom_filter_columns" = "id,activity_name", -- 为高频过滤字段(id/名称)创建布隆过滤器,加速WHERE查询
"compaction_policy" = "time_series", -- 按时间序合并策略优化时序数据(适合活动时间字段)
"enable_unique_key_merge_on_write" = "true", -- 唯一键写时合并(实时更新场景减少读放大)
"in_memory" = "false" -- 关闭全内存存储(仅小表可开启)
);
配置SeaTunnel JDBC同步脚本
env {
# 环境配置
parallelism = 8 # 增加并行度以提高吞吐量
job.mode = "STREAMING" # 使用流式处理模式进行实时同步
checkpoint.interval = 10000 # 检查点间隔,单位毫秒
# 限流配置 - 避免对源数据库造成过大压力
read_limit.bytes_per_second = 10000000 # 每秒读取字节数限制,约10MB/s
read_limit.rows_per_second = 1000 # 每秒读取行数限制
# 本地检查点配置
execution.checkpoint.data-uri = "file:///opt/seatunnel/checkpoints"
execution.checkpoint.max-concurrent = 1 # 最大并发检查点数
# 性能优化参数
execution.buffer-timeout = 5000 # 缓冲超时时间(毫秒)
execution.jvm-options = "-Xms4g -Xmx8g -XX:+UseG1GC -XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=100"
}
source {
MySQL-CDC {
# 基本连接配置
# server-id = 5652-5657 # MySQL复制客户端的唯一ID范围
username = "root" # 数据库用户名
password = "" # 数据库密码
table-names = ["gmall.activity_info"] # 要同步的表
base-url = "jdbc:mysql://192.168.241.128:3306/gmall?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"
# CDC 特有配置
schema-changes.enabled = true # 启用架构变更捕获
server-time-zone = "Asia/Shanghai" # 服务器时区
# 性能优化配置
snapshot.mode = "initial" # 初始快照模式
snapshot.fetch.size = 10000 # 快照获取大小
chunk.size.rows = 8096 # 分块大小,用于并行快照
connection.pool.size = 10 # 连接池大小
# 高级配置
include.schema.changes = true # 包含架构变更事件
scan.startup.mode = "initial" # 启动模式:initial(全量+增量)
scan.incremental.snapshot.chunk.size = 8096 # 增量快照分块大小
debezium.min.row.count.to.stream.results = 1000 # 流式结果的最小行数
# 容错配置
connect.timeout = 30000 # 连接超时时间(毫秒)
connect.max-retries = 3 # 最大重试次数
# 输出表名
result_table_name = "mysql_cdc_source"
}
}
# 可选的转换逻辑,如果需要对数据进行处理
transform {
Sql {
source_table_name = "mysql_cdc_source"
result_table_name = "doris_sink_data"
# 根据需要转换字段,这里添加了一个分区字段k1
query = """
select
id,
formatdatetime(create_time,'yyyy-MM-dd') as k1,
activity_name,
activity_type,
activity_desc,
start_time,
end_time,
create_time
from mysql_cdc_source
"""
}
}
sink {
Doris {
# 基本连接配置
source_table_name = "doris_sink_data" # 或直接使用 "mysql_cdc_source"
fenodes = "192.168.241.128:8030"
username = "root"
password = ""
table.identifier = "ods.ods_activity_info_full" # Doris目标表
# 事务和标签配置
sink.enable-2pc = "true" # 启用两阶段提交,确保一致性
sink.label-prefix = "cdc_sync" # 导入标签前缀
# 写入模式配置
sink.properties {
format = "json"
read_json_by_line = "true"
column_separator = "\t" # 列分隔符
line_delimiter = "\n" # 行分隔符
max_filter_ratio = "0.1" # 允许的最大错误率
# CDC特有配置 - 处理不同操作类型
# 使用Doris的UPSERT模式处理CDC事件
merge_type = "MERGE" # 合并类型:APPEND或MERGE
delete_enable = "true" # 启用删除操作
}
# 性能优化配置
sink.buffer-size = 10000 # 缓冲区大小
sink.buffer-count = 3 # 缓冲区数量
sink.flush.interval-ms = 5000 # 刷新间隔
sink.max-retries = 3 # 最大重试次数
sink.parallelism = 8 # 写入并行度
# Doris连接优化
doris.config = {
format = "json"
read_json_by_line = "true"
request_connect_timeout_ms = "5000" # 连接超时
request_timeout_ms = "30000" # 请求超时
request_tablet_size = "5" # 每个请求的tablet数量
}
}
}
配置SeaTunnel MySQLCDC 同步脚本
env {
parallelism = 8
job.mode = "BATCH"
checkpoint.interval = 30000
# 本地文件系统检查点
execution.checkpoint.data-uri = "file:///opt/seatunnel/checkpoints"
execution.buffer-timeout = 5000
# JVM 参数优化
execution.jvm-options = "-Xms4g -Xmx8g -XX:+UseG1GC -XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=100"
}
source {
Jdbc {
result_table_name = "mysql_seatunnel"
url = "jdbc:mysql://192.168.241.128:3306/gmall?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useSSL=false&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&useServerPrepStmts=true&cachePrepStmts=true"
driver = "com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"
connection_check_timeout_sec = 30
user = "gmall"
password = "gmall"
# 使用分区并行读取
query = "select id, activity_name, activity_type, activity_desc, start_time, end_time, create_time from gmall.activity_info"
partition_column = "id"
partition_num = 8
# 连接池配置
connection_pool {
max_size = 20
min_idle = 5
max_idle_ms = 60000
}
# 批处理配置
fetch_size = 10000
batch_size = 5000
is_exactly_once = true
}
}
transform {
Sql {
source_table_name = "mysql_seatunnel"
result_table_name = "seatunnel_doris"
query = """
select
id,
formatdatetime(create_time,'yyyy-MM-dd') as k1,
activity_name,
activity_type,
activity_desc,
start_time,
end_time,
create_time
from mysql_seatunnel
"""
}
}
sink {
Doris {
source_table_name = "seatunnel_doris"
fenodes = "192.168.241.128:8030"
username = "root"
password = ""
table.identifier = "ods.ods_activity_info_full"
sink.enable-2pc = "true"
sink.label-prefix = "test_json"
# 优化Doris写入配置
sink.properties {
format = "json"
read_json_by_line = "true"
column_separator = "\t"
line_delimiter = "\n"
max_filter_ratio = "0.1"
}
# 批量写入配置
sink.buffer-size = 10000
sink.buffer-count = 3
sink.flush.interval-ms = 5000
sink.max-retries = 3
sink.parallelism = 8
doris.config = {
format = "json"
read_json_by_line = "true"
request_connect_timeout_ms = "5000"
request_timeout_ms = "30000"
request_tablet_size = "5"
}
}
}
最终Apache Doris数据:
本文完!