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如何将Spring Boot项目与DeepSeek AI集成并优化为AI系统

article 2025/3/31 10:23:05

一、项目准备

1. 创建Spring Boot项目

使用Spring Initializr：选择依赖项（Spring Web、Lombok、Apache HttpClient）。

Maven/Gradle配置：

<!-- Web和JSON处理 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- HTTP客户端 -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
    <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
    <version>4.5.13</version>
</dependency>

2. 配置DeepSeek API密钥

application.properties：

deepseek.api.key=your_api_key_here
deepseek.api.url=https://api.deepseek.com/v1/chat/completions

安全建议：使用Jasypt加密或Vault管理密钥。

二、集成DeepSeek API

1. 封装HTTP请求工具类

@Component
public class DeepSeekClient {
    @Value("${deepseek.api.url}")
    private String apiUrl;
    
    @Value("${deepseek.api.key}")
    private String apiKey;

    public String sendRequest(String prompt) throws IOException {
        HttpPost post = new HttpPost(apiUrl);
        post.setHeader("Authorization", "Bearer " + apiKey);
        post.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");

        // 构建请求体
        String jsonBody = String.format("{\"model\":\"deepseek-chat\",\"messages\":[{\"role\":\"user\",\"content\":\"%s\"}]}", prompt);
        post.setEntity(new StringEntity(jsonBody));

        try (CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
             CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(post)) {
            return EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
        }
    }
}

2. 定义请求/响应模型

@Data
public class DeepSeekRequest {
    private String model;
    private List<Message> messages;
}

@Data
public class DeepSeekResponse {
    private List<Choice> choices;
}

@Data
public class Choice {
    private Message message;
}

三、功能优化：模块化与增强

1. 服务层抽象

@Service
public class AIService {
    @Autowired
    private DeepSeekClient client;

    public String processQuery(String userInput) {
        try {
            return client.sendRequest(userInput);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new AIProcessingException("API调用失败", e);
        }
    }
}

2. 异步处理提升性能

@EnableAsync
@Configuration
public class AsyncConfig implements AsyncConfigurer {
    @Override
    public Executor getAsyncExecutor() {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor executor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        executor.setCorePoolSize(10);
        executor.setMaxPoolSize(50);
        executor.setQueueCapacity(100);
        executor.initialize();
        return executor;
    }
}

@Service
public class AsyncAIService {
    @Async
    public CompletableFuture<String> asyncProcess(String input) {
        return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(process(input));
    }
}

3. 缓存机制

@Cacheable(value = "aiResponses", key = "#input.hashCode()")
public String getCachedResponse(String input) {
    return client.sendRequest(input);
}

四、系统级优化

1. 消息队列集成（RabbitMQ示例）

@RabbitListener(queues = "aiTasks")
public void handleTask(String task) {
    aiService.process(task);
}

2. 分布式部署方案

Nginx配置：

upstream ai_cluster {
    server 192.168.1.10:8080;
    server 192.168.1.11:8080;
    keepalive 32;
}

3. 监控与日志

Spring Boot Actuator：

management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=health,metrics,prometheus

五、安全增强

1. 速率限制

@Bean
public RateLimiter rateLimiter() {
    return RateLimiter.create(100); // 每秒100次请求
}

2. 敏感数据过滤

@Configuration
public class LogFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
    @Override
    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) {
        if (request.getRequestURI().contains("api/deepseek")) {
            log.info("Filtered API key in logs");
        }
    }
}

六、部署与测试

1. Docker化部署

FROM openjdk:17
COPY target/ai-system.jar /app.jar
ENTRYPOINT ["java","-jar","/app.jar"]

2. 压力测试

wrk -t4 -c100 -d30s http://localhost:8080/api/ai

七、完整调用示例

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/ai")
public class AIController {
    @Autowired
    private AIService aiService;

    @PostMapping("/ask")
    public ResponseEntity<String> askQuestion(@RequestBody String question) {
        return ResponseEntity.ok(aiService.processQuery(question));
    }
}