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Python ORM 框架 SQLModel 快速入门教程

article 2024/12/27 17:12:22

创建模型

import sqlmodel
import typing


class Hero(sqlmodel.SQLModel, table=True):
    id: typing.Optional[int] = sqlmodel.Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str
    real_name: str
    age: typing.Optional[int] = None

创建表

import sqlmodel
import typing



class Hero(sqlmodel.SQLModel, table=True):
    id: typing.Optional[int] = sqlmodel.Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str
    real_name: str
    age: typing.Optional[int] = None

db_url = "mysql+pymysql://root:zhangdapeng520@127.0.0.1:3306/fastzdp_sqlmodel?charset=utf8mb4"
engine = sqlmodel.create_engine(db_url, echo=True)

sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.drop_all(engine)
sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)

添加单条数据

from tkinter.font import names

import sqlmodel
import typing


class Hero(sqlmodel.SQLModel, table=True):
    id: typing.Optional[int] = sqlmodel.Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str
    real_name: str
    age: typing.Optional[int] = None


db_url = "mysql+pymysql://root:zhangdapeng520@127.0.0.1:3306/fastzdp_sqlmodel?charset=utf8mb4"
engine = sqlmodel.create_engine(db_url, echo=True)

sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.drop_all(engine)
sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)

# add
with sqlmodel.Session(engine) as session:
    zs = Hero(name="张三", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs)
    session.commit()

添加多条数据

from tkinter.font import names

import sqlmodel
import typing


class Hero(sqlmodel.SQLModel, table=True):
    id: typing.Optional[int] = sqlmodel.Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str
    real_name: str
    age: typing.Optional[int] = None


db_url = "mysql+pymysql://root:zhangdapeng520@127.0.0.1:3306/fastzdp_sqlmodel?charset=utf8mb4"
engine = sqlmodel.create_engine(db_url, echo=True)

sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.drop_all(engine)
sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)

# add
with sqlmodel.Session(engine) as session:
    zs1 = Hero(name="张三1", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs1)
    zs2 = Hero(name="张三2", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs2)
    zs3 = Hero(name="张三3", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs3)

    session.commit()

根据名称查询数据

from tkinter.font import names

import sqlmodel
import typing


class Hero(sqlmodel.SQLModel, table=True):
    id: typing.Optional[int] = sqlmodel.Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str
    real_name: str
    age: typing.Optional[int] = None


db_url = "mysql+pymysql://root:zhangdapeng520@127.0.0.1:3306/fastzdp_sqlmodel?charset=utf8mb4"
engine = sqlmodel.create_engine(db_url, echo=True)

sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.drop_all(engine)
sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)

# add
with sqlmodel.Session(engine) as session:
    zs1 = Hero(name="张三1", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs1)
    zs2 = Hero(name="张三2", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs2)
    zs3 = Hero(name="张三3", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs3)

    # 查找
    query = sqlmodel.select(Hero).where(Hero.name=="张三1")
    hero = session.exec(query).first()
    print(hero)

    session.commit()

查找所有数据

from tkinter.font import names

import sqlmodel
import typing


class Hero(sqlmodel.SQLModel, table=True):
    id: typing.Optional[int] = sqlmodel.Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str
    real_name: str
    age: typing.Optional[int] = None


db_url = "mysql+pymysql://root:zhangdapeng520@127.0.0.1:3306/fastzdp_sqlmodel?charset=utf8mb4"
engine = sqlmodel.create_engine(db_url, echo=True)

sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.drop_all(engine)
sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)

# add
with sqlmodel.Session(engine) as session:
    zs1 = Hero(name="张三1", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs1)
    zs2 = Hero(name="张三2", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs2)
    zs3 = Hero(name="张三3", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs3)

    # 查找
    query = sqlmodel.select(Hero)
    heros = session.exec(query)
    print(list(heros))

    session.commit()

and 查询

from tkinter.font import names

import sqlmodel
import typing


class Hero(sqlmodel.SQLModel, table=True):
    id: typing.Optional[int] = sqlmodel.Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str
    real_name: str
    age: typing.Optional[int] = None


db_url = "mysql+pymysql://root:zhangdapeng520@127.0.0.1:3306/fastzdp_sqlmodel?charset=utf8mb4"
engine = sqlmodel.create_engine(db_url, echo=True)

sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.drop_all(engine)
sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)

# add
with sqlmodel.Session(engine) as session:
    zs1 = Hero(name="张三1", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs1)
    zs2 = Hero(name="张三2", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs2)
    zs3 = Hero(name="张三3", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs3)

    # 查找
    query = sqlmodel.select(Hero).where(Hero.real_name=="张三", Hero.name=="张三3")
    hero = session.exec(query).first()
    print(hero)

    session.commit()

or 查询

import sqlmodel
import typing

class Hero(sqlmodel.SQLModel, table=True):
    id: typing.Optional[int] = sqlmodel.Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str
    real_name: str
    age: typing.Optional[int] = None


db_url = "mysql+pymysql://root:zhangdapeng520@127.0.0.1:3306/fastzdp_sqlmodel?charset=utf8mb4"
engine = sqlmodel.create_engine(db_url, echo=True)

sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.drop_all(engine)
sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)

# add
with sqlmodel.Session(engine) as session:
    zs1 = Hero(name="张三1", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs1)
    zs2 = Hero(name="张三2", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs2)
    zs3 = Hero(name="张三3", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs3)

    # 查找
    query = sqlmodel.select(Hero).where(sqlmodel.or_(
        Hero.name == "张三1",
        Hero.name == "张三2",
    ))
    heros = session.exec(query)
    print(list(heros))

    session.commit()

根据 ID 查询

import sqlmodel
import typing

class Hero(sqlmodel.SQLModel, table=True):
    id: typing.Optional[int] = sqlmodel.Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str
    real_name: str
    age: typing.Optional[int] = None


db_url = "mysql+pymysql://root:zhangdapeng520@127.0.0.1:3306/fastzdp_sqlmodel?charset=utf8mb4"
engine = sqlmodel.create_engine(db_url, echo=True)

sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.drop_all(engine)
sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)

# add
with sqlmodel.Session(engine) as session:
    zs1 = Hero(name="张三1", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs1)
    zs2 = Hero(name="张三2", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs2)
    zs3 = Hero(name="张三3", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs3)

    # 查找
    hero  =session.get(Hero, 1)
    print(hero)

    session.commit()

分页查询

import sqlmodel
import typing

class Hero(sqlmodel.SQLModel, table=True):
    id: typing.Optional[int] = sqlmodel.Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str
    real_name: str
    age: typing.Optional[int] = None


db_url = "mysql+pymysql://root:zhangdapeng520@127.0.0.1:3306/fastzdp_sqlmodel?charset=utf8mb4"
engine = sqlmodel.create_engine(db_url, echo=True)

sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.drop_all(engine)
sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)

# add
with sqlmodel.Session(engine) as session:
    zs1 = Hero(name="张三1", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs1)
    zs2 = Hero(name="张三2", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs2)
    zs3 = Hero(name="张三3", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs3)

    # 查找
    query = sqlmodel.select(Hero).offset(0).limit(2)
    heros = session.exec(query)
    print(list(heros))

    session.commit()

修改数据

import sqlmodel
import typing


class Hero(sqlmodel.SQLModel, table=True):
    id: typing.Optional[int] = sqlmodel.Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str
    real_name: str
    age: typing.Optional[int] = None


db_url = "mysql+pymysql://root:zhangdapeng520@127.0.0.1:3306/fastzdp_sqlmodel?charset=utf8mb4"
engine = sqlmodel.create_engine(db_url, echo=True)

sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.drop_all(engine)
sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)

# add
with sqlmodel.Session(engine) as session:
    zs1 = Hero(name="张三1", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs1)
    zs2 = Hero(name="张三2", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs2)
    zs3 = Hero(name="张三3", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs3)

    # 修改
    hero = session.get(Hero, 1)
    hero.name = "李四"
    session.commit()

with sqlmodel.Session(engine) as session:
    # 修改
    hero = session.get(Hero, 1)
    hero.name = "李四"
    session.commit()
    session.refresh(hero)

删除数据

import sqlmodel
import typing



class Hero(sqlmodel.SQLModel, table=True):
    id: typing.Optional[int] = sqlmodel.Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str
    real_name: str
    age: typing.Optional[int] = None


db_url = "mysql+pymysql://root:zhangdapeng520@127.0.0.1:3306/fastzdp_sqlmodel?charset=utf8mb4"
engine = sqlmodel.create_engine(db_url, echo=True)

sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.drop_all(engine)
sqlmodel.SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)

# add
with sqlmodel.Session(engine) as session:
    zs1 = Hero(name="张三1", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs1)
    zs2 = Hero(name="张三2", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs2)
    zs3 = Hero(name="张三3", real_name="张三", age=33)
    session.add(zs3)

    # 修改
    hero = session.get(Hero, 1)
    hero.name = "李四"
    session.commit()

with sqlmodel.Session(engine) as session:
    # 删除
    hero = session.get(Hero, 1)
    session.delete(hero)
    session.commit()

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