CSS常用标签笔记
1 字体样式属性
对于font-family属性,如果字体类型只有一个英文单词,则不需要加上双引号;如果字体类型是多个英文单词或者是中文,则需要加上双引号。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
#div1 {font-family:Arial;}
#div2 {font-family: "Times New Roman";}
#div3 {font-family: "微软雅黑";}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">Arial</div>
<div id="div2">Times New Roman</div>
<div id="div3">微软雅黑</div>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
#p1 {font-size: 10px;}
#p2 {font-size: 15px;}
#p3 {font-size: 20px;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="p1">字体大小为 10px</p>
<p id="p2">字体大小为 15px</p>
<p id="p3">字体大小为 20px</p>
</body>
</html>
font-weight属性取值有两种:一种是100~900的“数值”;另外一种是“关键字”。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
#p1 {font-weight: 100;}
#p2 {font-weight: 400;}
#p3 {font-weight: 700;}
#p4 {font-weight: 900;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="p1">字体粗细为:100(lighter)</p>
<p id="p2">字体粗细为:400(normal)</p>
<p id="p3">字体粗细为:700(bold)</p>
<p id="p4">字体粗细为:900(bolder)</p>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
#p1{font-style:normal;}
#p2{font-style:italic;}
#p3{font-style:oblique;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="p1">字体样式为normal</p>
<p id="p2">字体样式为italic </p>
<p id="p3">字体样式为oblique</p>
</body>
</html>
颜色color
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">/*关键字取色*/
#p1{color:gray;}
#p2{color:orange;}
#p3{color:red;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="p1">字体颜色为灰色</p>
<p id="p2">字体颜色为橙色</p>
<p id="p3">字体颜色为红色</p>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
#p1{color: #03FCA1;}/*16进制RGB取色*/
#p2{color: #048C02;}
#p3{color: #CE0592;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="p1">字体颜色为#03FCA1</p>
<p id="p2">字体颜色为#048C02</p>
<p id="p3">字体颜色为#CE0592</p>
</body>
</html>
2 文本样式
首行缩进
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
p{
font-size:14px;
text-indent:28px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>爱莲说</h3>
<p>水陆草木之花,可爱者甚蕃。晋陶渊明独爱菊。自李唐来,世人甚爱牡丹。予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染,濯清涟而不妖,中通外直,不蔓不枝,香远益清,亭亭净植,可远观而不可亵玩焉。</p>
<p>予谓菊,花之隐逸者也;牡丹,花之富贵者也;莲,花之君子者也。噫!菊之爱,陶后鲜有闻;莲之爱,同予者何人?牡丹之爱,宜乎众矣。</p>
</body>
</html>
水平对齐
text-align:取值;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
#p1{text-align:left;}
#p2{text-align:center;}
#p3{text-align:right;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="p1"><strong>左对齐</strong>:好好学习,天天向上。</p>
<p id="p2"><strong>居中对齐</strong>:好好学习,天天向上。</p>
<p id="p3"><strong>右对齐</strong>:好好学习,天天向上。</p>
</body>
</html>
文本修饰 text-decoration
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
#p1{text-decoration:underline;}
#p2{text-decoration:line-through;}
#p3{border-top: 1px solid #000;padding-top: 0.1em;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="p1">这是"下划线"效果</p>
<p id="p2">这是"删除线"效果</p>
<p id="p3">这是"顶划线"效果</p>
</body>
</html>
大小写 text-transform
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
#p1{text-transform:uppercase;}
#p2{text-transform:lowercase;}
#p3{text-transform:capitalize;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="p1">rome was't built in a day.</p>
<p id="p2">rome was't built in a day.</p>
<p id="p3">rome was't built in a day.</p>
</body>
</html>
行高 line-height
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
#p1{line-height:15px;}
#p2{line-height:20px;}
#p3{line-height:25px;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p id="p1">水陆草木之花,可爱者甚蕃。晋陶渊明独爱菊。自李唐来,世人甚爱牡丹。予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染,濯清涟而不妖,中通外直,不蔓不枝,香远益清,亭亭净植,可远观而不可亵玩焉。</p><hr/>
<p id="p2">水陆草木之花,可爱者甚蕃。晋陶渊明独爱菊。自李唐来,世人甚爱牡丹。予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染,濯清涟而不妖,中通外直,不蔓不枝,香远益清,亭亭净植,可远观而不可亵玩焉。</p><hr/>
<p id="p3">水陆草木之花,可爱者甚蕃。晋陶渊明独爱菊。自李唐来,世人甚爱牡丹。予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染,濯清涟而不妖,中通外直,不蔓不枝,香远益清,亭亭净植,可远观而不可亵玩焉。</p>
</body>
</html>
3 边框样式
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
div{border:1px solid red;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>绿叶,给你初恋般感觉。</div>
</body>
</html>
4 局部样式
一个元素有四条边
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
div
{
width:100px; /*div元素宽为 100px*/
height:60px; /*div元素高为 60px*/
border-top:2px solid red; /*上边框样式*/
border-right:2px solid yellow; /*右边框样式*/
border-bottom:2px solid blue; /*下边框样式*/
border-left:2px solid green; /*左边框样式*/
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
5 列表样式
列表项符号 list-style-type
在CSS中,不管是有序列表还是无序列表,我们都是使用list-style-type属性来定义列表项符号。list-style-type属性是针对ol或者ul元素的,而不是li元素。
//有序列表
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
ol{list-style-type:lower-roman;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>有序列表</h3>
<ol>
<li>HTML</li>
<li>CSS</li>
<li>JavaScript</li>
</ol>
</body>
</html>
//无序列表
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
ul{list-style-type:circle;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>无序列表</h3>
<ul>
<li>HTML</li>
<li>CSS</li>
<li>JavaScript</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
去除列表项
list-style-type:none;
列表项图片 list-style-image
list-style-image:url(图片路径);
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
ul{list-style-image: url(img/leaf.png);}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<ul>
<li>HTML</li>
<li>CSS</li>
<li>JavaScript</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
6 表格样式
表格标题样式 caption-side
caption-side:取值
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
table,th,td{border:1px solid silver;}
table{caption-side:bottom;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<caption>表格标题</caption>
<!--表头-->
<thead>
<tr>
<th>表头单元格 1</th>
<th>表头单元格 2</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<!--表身-->
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>表行单元格 1</td>
<td>表行单元格 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>表行单元格 3</td>
<td>表行单元格 4</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<!--表脚-->
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td>表行单元格 5</td>
<td>表行单元格 6</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</body>
</html>
表格边框合并 border-collapse
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
table,th,td{border:1px solid silver;}
table{border-collapse: collapse;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<caption>表格标题</caption>
<!--表头-->
<thead>
<tr>
<th>表头单元格 1</th>
<th>表头单元格 2</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<!--表身-->
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>表行单元格 1</td>
<td>表行单元格 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>表行单元格 3</td>
<td>表行单元格 4</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<!--表脚-->
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td>表行单元格 5</td>
<td>表行单元格 6</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</body>
</html>
表格边框间距 border-spacing
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
table,th,td{border:1px solid silver;}
table{border-spacing: 8px;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<caption>表格标题</caption>
<!--表头-->
<thead>
<tr>
<th>表头单元格 1</th>
<th>表头单元格 2</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<!--表身-->
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>表行单元格 1</td>
<td>表行单元格 2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>表行单元格 3</td>
<td>表行单元格 4</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
<!--表脚-->
<tfoot>
<tr>
<td>表行单元格 5</td>
<td>表行单元格 6</td>
</tr>
</tfoot>
</table>
</body>
</html>
7 图片样式
图片大小
width:像素值;
height:像素值;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
img
{
width:60px;
height:60px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<img src="img/girl.gif" alt="卡通女孩" />
</body>
</html>
图片边框
border:1px solid red;
图片对齐
text-align: 取值
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
div
{
width:300px;
height:80px;
border:1px solid silver;
}
.div1{text-align:left;}
.div2{text-align:center;}
.div3{text-align:right;}
img{width:60px;height:60px;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="div1">
<img src="img/girl.gif" alt=""/>
</div>
<div class="div2">
<img src=" img/girl.gif" alt=""/>
</div>
<div class="div3">
<img src=" img/girl.gif" alt=""/>
</div>
</body>
</html>
垂直对齐
vertical-align:取值;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
img{width:60px;height:60px;}
#img1{vertical-align:top;}
#img2{vertical-align:middle;}
#img3{vertical-align:bottom;}
#img4{vertical-align:baseline;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
绿叶学习网<img id="img1" src="img/girl.gif" alt=""/>绿叶学习网(top)
<hr/>
绿叶学习网<img id="img2" src="img/girl.gif" alt=""/>绿叶学习网(middle)
<hr/>
绿叶学习网<img id="img3" src="img/girl.gif" alt=""/>绿叶学习网(bottom)
<hr/>
绿叶学习网<img id="img4" src="img/girl.gif" alt=""/>绿叶学习网(baseline)
</body>
</html>
文字环绕
fl oat:取值;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
img{fl oat:left;}
p{
font-family:"微软雅黑";
font-size:12px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<img src="img/lotus.png" alt=""/>
<p>水陆草木之花,可爱者甚蕃。晋陶渊明独爱菊。自李唐来,世人甚爱牡丹。予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染,濯清涟而不妖,中通外直,不蔓不枝,香远益清,亭亭净植,可远观而不可亵玩焉。予谓菊,花之隐逸者也;牡丹,花之富贵者也;莲,花之君子者也。噫!菊之爱,陶后鲜有闻;莲之爱,同予者何人?牡丹之爱,宜乎众矣。</p>
</body>
</html>
8 背景样式
背景样式就是两个方面:背景颜色,背景图片。
定义背景颜色比较简单。但是,定义背景图片比较复杂,涉及的样式属性比较多。
背景颜色 background-color
background-color:颜色值;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
div
{
width:100px;
height:60px;
}
#div1{background-color: hotpink}
#div2{background-color: #87CEFA;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1">背景颜色为:hotpink</div>
<div id="div2">背景颜色为:#87CEFA</div>
</body>
</html>
注意,color属性是定义文本颜色,background-color定义背景颜色,要区分清楚。
背景图片样式
background-image:url(图片路径);
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
div{background-image: url(img/haizei.png);}
</style>
</head>
<body>
div
{
width:250px;
height:170px;
background-image: url(img/haizei.png);
}
</body>
</html>
背景图片重复
background-repeat:取值;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
div
{
width:200px;
height:100px;
border: 1px solid silver;
background-image: url(img/fl ower.png);
}
#div2{background-repeat: repeat-x}
#div3{background-repeat: repeat-y}
#div4{background-repeat: no-repeat}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div1"></div>
<div id="div2"></div>
<div id="div3"></div>
<div id="div4"></div>
</body>
</html>
背景图片位置 background-position
background-position属性取值有两种,一种是像素值,一种是关键字
像素值
background-position:水平距离 垂直距离;
关键字
background-position:水平距离 垂直距离;
背景图固定 scroll/fixed
background-attachment:取值;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
div
{
width:160px;
height:1200px;
border:1px solid silver;
background-image:url(img/judy.png);
background-repeat:no-repeat;
background-attachment:fixed;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div></div>
</body>
</html>
9 超链接样式
超链接伪类
hover
:hover伪类可以定义任何一个元素在鼠标经过时的样式!注意,是任何元素喔。
div:hover
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
div
{
width:100px;
height:30px;
line-height:30px;
text-align:center;
color:white;
background-color: lightskyblue;
}
div:hover
{
background-color:hotpink;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div>绿叶学习网</div>
</body>
</html>
img:hover
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title></title>
<style type="text/css">
img:hover
{
border:2px solid red;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<img src="img/girl.gif" alt="">
</html>
鼠标样式
cursor:取值;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<style type="text/css">
div
{
width:100px;
height:30px;
line-height:30px;
text-align:center;
background-color: hotpink;
color:white;
font-size:14px;
}
#div_default{cursor:default;}
#div_pointer{cursor:pointer;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="div_default">鼠标默认样式</div>
<div id="div_pointer">鼠标手状样式</div>
</body>
</html>
自定义鼠标样式
cursor:url(图片地址), 属性值;