aws(学习笔记第九课) 使用AWS的网络存储EBS

aws(学习笔记第九课)

• 使用AWS的网络存储EBS

学习内容：

• 使用AWS的网络存储EBS

1.使用AWS的网络存储EBS

1. EBS是什么
   EBS是aws Elastic Block Store的缩写，就是AWS的弹性数据块存储。EBS有如下特点。
   • 它不属于EC2的一部分，独立存在。
   • 可以独立存在或者同一时间挂载到一个EC2实例上。
     注意，同一时间不能挂在到两个以及两个以上的EC2
   • 可以像普通的磁盘一样使用。
     
2. 练习使用EBS
   • 创建一个EBS,之后用EC2进行挂载。

     {
     	"AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09",
     	"Description": "(EBS)",
     	"Parameters": {
     		"KeyName": {
     			"Description": "Key Pair name",
     			"Type": "AWS::EC2::KeyPair::KeyName",
     			"Default": "my-cli-key"
     		},
     		"VPC": {
     			"Description": "Just select the one and only default VPC",
     			"Type": "AWS::EC2::VPC::Id"
     		},
     		"Subnet": {
     			"Description": "Just select one of the available subnets",
     			"Type": "AWS::EC2::Subnet::Id"
     		},
     		"AttachVolume": {
     			"Description": "Should the volume be attached?",
     			"Type": "String",
     			"Default": "yes",
     			"AllowedValues": ["yes", "no"]
     		}
     	},
     	"Mappings": {
     		"EC2RegionMap": {
     			"ap-northeast-1": {"AmazonLinuxAMIHVMEBSBacked64bit": "ami-cbf90ecb"},
     			"ap-southeast-1": {"AmazonLinuxAMIHVMEBSBacked64bit": "ami-68d8e93a"},
     			"ap-southeast-2": {"AmazonLinuxAMIHVMEBSBacked64bit": "ami-fd9cecc7"},
     			"eu-central-1": {"AmazonLinuxAMIHVMEBSBacked64bit": "ami-a8221fb5"},
     			"eu-west-1": {"AmazonLinuxAMIHVMEBSBacked64bit": "ami-a10897d6"},
     			"sa-east-1": {"AmazonLinuxAMIHVMEBSBacked64bit": "ami-b52890a8"},
     			"us-east-1": {"AmazonLinuxAMIHVMEBSBacked64bit": "ami-1ecae776"},
     			"us-west-1": {"AmazonLinuxAMIHVMEBSBacked64bit": "ami-d114f295"},
     			"us-west-2": {"AmazonLinuxAMIHVMEBSBacked64bit": "ami-e7527ed7"}
     		}
     	},
     	"Conditions": {
     		"Attached": {"Fn::Equals": [{"Ref": "AttachVolume"}, "yes"]}
     	},
     	"Resources": {
     		"SecurityGroup": {
     			"Type": "AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup",
     			"Properties": {
     				"GroupDescription": "My security group",
     				"VpcId": {"Ref": "VPC"},
     				"SecurityGroupIngress": [{
     					"CidrIp": "0.0.0.0/0",
     					"FromPort": 22,
     					"IpProtocol": "tcp",
     					"ToPort": 22
     				}]
     			}
     		},
     		"IamRole": {
     			"Type": "AWS::IAM::Role",
     			"Properties": {
     				"AssumeRolePolicyDocument": {
     					"Version": "2012-10-17",
     					"Statement": [
     						{
     							"Effect": "Allow",
     							"Principal": {
     								"Service": ["ec2.amazonaws.com"]
     							},
     							"Action": ["sts:AssumeRole"]
     						}
     					]
     				},
     				"Path": "/",
     				"Policies": [
     					{
     						"PolicyName": "ec2",
     						"PolicyDocument": {
     							"Version": "2012-10-17",
     							"Statement": [{
     								"Effect" : "Allow",
     								"Action" : ["ec2:DescribeVolumes", "ec2:CreateSnapshot", "ec2:DescribeSnapshots", "ec2:DeleteSnapshot"],
     								"Resource": "*"
     							}]
     						}
     					}
     				]
     			}
     		},
     		"IamInstanceProfile": {
     			"Type": "AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile",
     			"Properties": {
     				"Path": "/",
     				"Roles": [{"Ref": "IamRole"}]
     			}
     		},
     		"Server": {
     			"Type": "AWS::EC2::Instance",
     			"Properties": {
     				"IamInstanceProfile": {"Ref": "IamInstanceProfile"},
     				"ImageId": {"Fn::FindInMap": ["EC2RegionMap", {"Ref": "AWS::Region"}, "AmazonLinuxAMIHVMEBSBacked64bit"]},
     				"InstanceType": "t2.micro",
     				"KeyName": {"Ref": "KeyName"},
     				"SecurityGroupIds": [{"Ref": "SecurityGroup"}],
     				"SubnetId": {"Ref": "Subnet"}
     			}
     		},
     		"Volume": {
     			"Type": "AWS::EC2::Volume",
     			"Properties": {
     				"AvailabilityZone": {"Fn::GetAtt": ["Server", "AvailabilityZone"]},
     				"Size": "5",
     				"VolumeType": "gp2"
     			}
     		},
     		"VolumeAttachment": {
     			"Type": "AWS::EC2::VolumeAttachment",
     			"Condition": "Attached",
     			"Properties": {
     				"Device": "/dev/xvdf",
     				"InstanceId": {"Ref": "Server"},
     				"VolumeId": {"Ref": "Volume"}
     			}
     		}
     	},
     	"Outputs": {
     		"PublicName": {
     			"Value": {"Fn::GetAtt": ["Server", "PublicDnsName"]},
     			"Description": "Public name (connect via SSH as user ec2-user)"
     		},
     		"VolumeId": {
     			"Value": {"Ref": "Volume"},
     			"Description": "Volume id"
     		}
     	}
     }
     
     

   • 创建结果
     
   • 在EBS上创建文件系统
     这里，还没有对EBS创建文件系统，接下来创建文件系统
     • 创建文件系统

       sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/xvdf
       

       
     • 创建mount point进行挂载

       mkdir /mnt/volume
       mount /dev/xvdf /mnt/volume/
       

     • 确认mount情况
       
     • touch文件在新的文件系统上
   • 尝试卸掉挂载
     • EBS最大的优点是独立于EC2，可以尝试将它umont。

       sudo umount /mnt/volume
       

       更新cloudformation，将AttachVolume修改为No。
     • 可以查看更改集
     • 卸载之后，查看结果

       fdisk -l
       

       
     • 更改AttachVolume，进行重新的Attach
       
     • 查看Attach之后的结果
       
     • 重新进行mount

       mount /dev/xvdf /mnt/volume/
       cd /mnt/volume/
       cat ebs.txt