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三十、Python基础语法（继承-下）

article 2024/11/4 14:24:32

方法重写

重写：在子类中定义和父类中名字相同的方法，如果父类中方法不能满足子类对象的需求，重写的形式有覆盖和扩展

一、覆盖式重写

class Vehicle:
    def move(self):
        print("The vehicle is moving in a general way.")


class Car(Vehicle):
    # 重写move方法
    def move(self):
        print("The car is driving on the road.")


class Bicycle(Vehicle):
    # 重写move方法
    def move(self):
        print("The bicycle is being pedaled.")


vehicle = Vehicle()
vehicle.move()  # The vehicle is moving in a general way.

car = Car()
car.move()  # The car is driving on the road.

bicycle = Bicycle()
bicycle.move()  # The bicycle is being pedaled.

二、扩展式重写

扩展式重写：指父类中原有的功能保留,在此基础上添加新的功能代码。

实现：在子类中定义和父类名字相同的方法，使用 super().父类方法名(父类方法参数)来调用父类中的方法，然后再书写新的功能代码

class Animal:
    def make_sound(self):
        print("Animal makes a sound.")


class Dog(Animal):
    def make_sound(self):
        # 先调用父类的方法
        super().make_sound()
        print("Dog barks.")


class Cat(Animal):
    def make_sound(self):
        # 先调用父类的方法
        super().make_sound()
        print("Cat meows.")


dog = Dog()
dog.make_sound()

cat = Cat()
cat.make_sound()

运行结果：