OpenCv综合应用——人脸识别

一、利用PySimpleGUI构建窗口界面

1.1、 PySimpleGUI 的安装

pip install pysimplegui

1.2、构建主界面

import PySimpleGUI as psg

from face_gui.face_gather import face_gather
from face_gui.face_videos import face_video
from face_gui.face_tuopens import face_tuopen


def face_gui():
    # 创建一个布局组件
    layout = [
        [psg.Text('员工编号', size=(6, 1), font=('微软雅黑', 12)), psg.InputText(key='num', size=(20, 1))],
        [psg.Text('员工姓名', size=(6, 1), font=('微软雅黑', 12)), psg.InputText(key='name', size=(20, 1))],
        [psg.Text(key='nsg')],
        [psg.Text(key='msg')],
        [psg.Button('人脸采集'), psg.Button('打卡'), psg.Button('选择图片'), psg.Button('退出')],
        [psg.Image(key='video', size=(640, 480))]  # 添加摄像头显示区域
    ]
    # 创建一个窗口
    window = psg.Window('人脸识别系统', layout, icon='../images/hq.ico')

    while True:
        # 读取窗口信息，返回窗口数据和事件
        event, values = window.read()
        if event == psg.WIN_CLOSED or event == '退出':
            break
        if event == "人脸采集":
            # 获取编号和姓名
            ygid = values['num']
            name = values['name']
            window['msg'].update(f'编号：{ygid}，姓名：{name}')
            face_video(values)  # 传递 values 字典
            # psg.popup('人脸采集成功')
        if event == "打卡":
            # 获取编号和姓名
            # ygid = values['num']
            # name = values['name']
            # window['nsg'].update("正在验证身份信息")
            # window['msg'].update(f'编号：{ygid}，姓名：{name}')
            face_gather()
            # psg.popup('打卡成功')
        if event == "选择图片":
            # 调用图片选择功能
            face_tuopen()

    # 关闭窗口,释放资源
    window.close()

1.3、实现人脸信息采集

import cv2
import PySimpleGUI as psg

from face_gui.face_mysql import add


def face_video(values):
    # 开启摄像头
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0, cv2.CAP_DSHOW)
    if not cap.isOpened():
        print("摄像头打开失败")
        return

    # 创建摄像头窗口的布局
    camera_layout = [
        [psg.Image(key='video', size=(640, 480))],
        [psg.Button('识别'), psg.Button('关闭摄像头')]
    ]

    # 创建摄像头窗口
    camera_window = psg.Window('信息采集', camera_layout, icon='../images/hq.ico')

    while True:
        # 读取摄像头窗口信息，返回窗口数据和事件
        event, _ = camera_window.read(timeout=10)
        if event == psg.WIN_CLOSED or event == '关闭摄像头':
            break

        # 读取数据帧
        ret, frame = cap.read()
        if ret:
            # 把数据帧转换成btepy数据类型
            imgbytes = cv2.imencode('.png', frame)[1].tobytes()
            camera_window['video'].update(data=imgbytes)

        if event == '识别':
            # 获取编号和姓名
            num = values['num']
            name = values['name']
            iss = cv2.imwrite(f"../face_train_images/{num}.png", frame)
            if iss:
                isadd = add(name, num)
                if isadd:
                    psg.popup('添加成功')
            else:
                psg.popup('添加失败')
            # psg.popup('识别完成')

    # 关闭摄像头窗口,释放资源
    camera_window.close()
    cap.release()

1.4、实现人脸识别

import os

import cv2
import PySimpleGUI as psg
import face_recognition
import numpy as np

from face_gui.face_mysql import select


def face_gather():
    # 开启摄像头像
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0, cv2.CAP_DSHOW)
    if not cap.isOpened():
        print("摄像头没有开启")
        return
    # 创建布局
    layout = [
        [psg.Image(key="video")],
        [psg.Button("验证"), psg.Button("关闭")]
    ]
    # 创建窗口
    camera_window = psg.Window("验证", layout)
    # 循环
    while True:
        event, value = camera_window.read(timeout=10)
        # 读取视频
        ret, frame = cap.read()
        if event in (None, "关闭"):
            # 终止循环
            break
        if ret:
            imttype = cv2.imencode(".png", frame)[1].tobytes()
            camera_window["video"].update(imttype)
        if event == "验证":
            # 查找人脸库
            list_dir = os.listdir("../face_train_images")
            if len(list_dir) > 0:
                for i in list_dir:
                    print(i)
                    # 读取一个图片对象
                    img = cv2.imread(f"../face_train_images/{i}")
                    if img is None:
                        print("没有读取图片")
                        break
                    else:
                        # 获取已知图片的特征变量
                        en1 = face_recognition.face_encodings(img)[0]
                        # 获取需要检测图片的特征变量
                        en2 = face_recognition.face_encodings(frame)[0]
                        # 计算欧几里得距离
                        rs = np.linalg.norm(en1 - en2)
                        print(rs)
                        if rs < 0.6:
                            b = i.split(".")[0]
                            select(b)
                            psg.popup("打卡成功")
                            # 查到此人，终止循环
                            break
                        else:
                            psg.popup("人脸库没有此人")
                            break

    cap.release()
    camera_window.close()

1.5、文件上传

import io
import PySimpleGUI as psg
from PIL import Image


def face_tuopen():
    # 创建layout
    layout = [
        [psg.Text('请选择一张图片或视频:')],
        [psg.Input(key='-FILE-', enable_events=True),
         psg.FileBrowse(
             file_types=(("Image and Video Files", "*.png;*.jpg;*.jpeg;*.gif;*.bmp;*.mp4;*.avi;*.mov;*.mkv"),))],
        [psg.Button('退出')],
        [psg.Image(key='-IMAGE-', size=(640, 480))]
    ]
    # 创建窗口
    window = psg.Window('文件处理', layout, size=(640, 480))
    while True:
        event, values = window.read()
        # 处理事件
        if event in (psg.WINDOW_CLOSED, '退出'):
            break
        elif event == '-FILE-':
            # 更新图片
            image_path = values['-FILE-']
            print(image_path)
            if image_path:
                try:
                    # 使用 Pillow 打开图像
                    image = Image.open(image_path)
                    # 调整图像大小以适应窗口
                    image.thumbnail((640, 480))
                    # 将图像转换为 Tkinter 可以使用的格式
                    bio = io.BytesIO()
                    image.save(bio, format='PNG')
                    window['-IMAGE-'].update(data=bio.getvalue())
                except Exception as e:
                    print(f"Error loading image: {e}")
                    psg.popup_error(f"无法加载图像: {e}")

    window.close()

1.6、数据库操作

import pymysql


# 新增数据
def add(name, num):
    # 创建数据库连接
    con = pymysql.connect(
        host='localhost',  # 数据库地址
        port=3306,  # 数据库端口
        user='root',  # 用户名
        password='123456',  # 密码
        database='face',  # 数据库名称
        charset='utf8'
    )
    # 创建游标对象,包含了增删改查的函数
    cur = con.cursor()
    # 定义sql
    sql = "insert into user(user_name,user_num) value (%s,%s)"
    # 运行sql（增删改查sql的函数）
    cur.execute(sql, (name, num))
    # 执行增删改sql的函数,返回一个受影响行数的数值
    num = cur.rowcount
    # 提交
    con.commit()
    # 释放资源
    cur.close()
    con.close()
    if num > 0:
        print("新增成功")
        return True
    else:
        print("新增失败")
        return False


# 查询数据
def select(num):
    with pymysql.connect(
            host='localhost',  # 数据库地址
            port=3306,  # 数据库端口
            user='root',  # 用户名
            password='123456',  # 密码
            database='face',  # 数据库名称
            charset='utf8'  # 编码格式
    ) as db:
        with db.cursor() as cursor:
            sql = "select * from user where user_num=%s"
            try:
                cursor.execute(sql, (num,))
                # 获取所有记录列表
                results = cursor.fetchall()
                if results:
                    for row in results:
                        uesr_id = row[0]
                        uesr_name = row[1]
                        uesr_num = row[2]
                        print(f"uesr_id:{uesr_id}, uesr_name:{uesr_name}, uesr_num:{uesr_num}")
                else:
                    print("未找到匹配的记录")
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Error: {e}")


# 删除数据
def delete(num):
    with pymysql.connect(
            host='localhost',  # 数据库地址
            port=3306,  # 数据库端口
            user='root',  # 用户名
            password='123456',  # 密码
            database='face',  # 数据库名称
            charset='utf8'
    ) as db:
        with db.cursor() as cursor:
            sql = "DELETE FROM user WHERE uesr_num=%s"
            try:
                cursor.execute(sql, (num,))
                # 提交数据
                db.commit()
                print("删除成功")
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Error: {e}")
                db.rollback()
                print("删除失败")


# 修改数据
def update(name, num, new_name=None, new_num=None):
    with pymysql.connect(
            host='localhost',  # 数据库地址
            port=3306,  # 数据库端口
            user='root',  # 用户名
            password='123456',  # 密码
            database='face',  # 数据库名称
            charset='utf8'
    ) as db:
        with db.cursor() as cursor:
            # 动态生成 SQL 语句
            updates = []
            params = []
            if new_name is not None:
                updates.append("uesr_name=%s")
                params.append(new_name)
            if new_num is not None:
                updates.append("uesr_num=%s")
                params.append(new_num)

            if not updates:
                print("未提供任何更新内容")
                return

            sql = f"UPDATE user SET {', '.join(updates)} WHERE user_name=%s AND user_num=%s"
            params.extend([name, num])

            try:
                cursor.execute(sql, params)
                # 提交数据
                db.commit()
                print("更新成功")
            except Exception as e:
                print(f"Error: {e}")
                db.rollback()
                print("更新失败")

1.7、主函数调用

from face_gui.face_gui_windows import face_gui

if __name__ == '__main__':
    face_gui()