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Nginx实现负载服务之间的负载均衡

article 2024/11/15 9:47:15

1 下载nginx

2 准备一个简单的项目架构

3 idea启动多个服务实例

4 修改nginx的配置文件

5 测试访问

1 下载nginx

官网地址：https://nginx.org/en/download.html

可以选择自己想要的操作系统和版本，小编这里使用的是windows的1.24版本

解压后在文件夹目录下点击nginx.exe，这里应该会一闪而过，不用担心，应该是启动成功了，我们可以鼠标右键打开任务管理器输入nginx

然后输入127.0.0.1出现这个页面，表示nginx已经安装成功

2 准备一个简单的项目架构

这里我们就正常启动我们的项目，源端口8088

3 idea启动多个服务实例

快捷键ctrl + d复制一个实例然后修改端口后启动，这样就可以启动多个实例了。

这里我启动了三个实例，端口分别是8086 8087 8088

4 修改nginx的配置文件

文件路径在nginx:tag/conf/nginx.conf 这里是我的全部配置文件，你们可以自定义修改


#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

     # 定义负载均衡的后端服务器
    upstream backend_servers {
        server 127.0.0.1:8086;  # 后端服务器1
        server 127.0.0.1:8087;  # 后端服务器2
        server 127.0.0.1:8088;  # 后端服务器3
    }

    server {
        listen       8888;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        # location / {
        #     root   html;
        #     index  index.html index.htm;
        # }

         location / {
            proxy_pass http://backend_servers;  # 将请求转发到upstream定义的服务器组
            proxy_set_header Host $host;  # 保持请求头的Host
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;  # 保持客户端真实IP
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;  # 传递客户端真实IP链
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;  # 保持协议（http/https）
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

然后重新启动nginx ，你也可以自定义一些负载均衡策略：轮询、最小连接数这些。