comprehension
1.读题---猜---文章主题 只读题目，不读选项
2.文章--定位
3.用文章对应选项
1 be based on = be dependent upon
2 fruitful adj.富有成效的;硕果累累的;
3 unfruitful adj.徒然的，无益的，没有结果的
4 desperately adv.拼命地；绝望地；不顾一切地；极度地
5 validation n.验证；确认；生效
6 doubtful adj.可疑的；不大可能;事情不明朗；
~ (if/that/whether…) 未必；难说；不大可能(unlikely; not probable)
He is injured and is doubtful for the game tomorrow (= unlikely to play) .
他受了伤，明天未必能参赛。
7 people-pleasing 讨好人们
8 learn v.
~ (sth) (from sb/sth) 学；学习；学到；学会
~ (of/about) sth 听到；得知；获悉