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RabbitMQ 消息队列代码实战1

article 2024/11/26 6:21:36

RabbitMQ 消息队列代码实战1

1. 准备工作

首先，我们需要加入rabbitmq的amqp client依赖

<!-- amqp client -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
    <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
    <version>5.12.0</version>
</dependency>

其次，我们需要编写一个连接mq和通道的工具类ConnectionUtils，如下:

package com.mcp.lab.mq.rabbit.common.util;

import com.mcp.lab.mq.rabbit.common.domain.ConnInfo;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class ConnectionUtils {
    /**
     * 连接器(默认)
     *
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     * @throws TimeoutException
     */
    public static Connection getConnection() throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        ConnInfo connInfo = new ConnInfo.Builder()
                .setHost("Your RabbitMQ Broker Host")
                .setPort(5672)
                .setVirtualHost("Your Virtual Host(自定义)")
                .setUsername("your rabbit admin user")
                .setPassword("your rabbit admin password")
                .build();

        return getConnection(connInfo);
    }
}

2. 简单模式实例

  • 生产者(Producer)代码

    ConsoleSender

import com.mcp.lab.mq.rabbit.common.util.ConnectionUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class ConsoleSender {
    private static final String QUIT = "Q";
    public static final String QUEUE_NAME = "simple_queue";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        // 获取一个连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        // 从连接获取一个通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        // 创建队列声明
        // queue：队列名
        // durable：是否持久化
        // exclusive：是否排外  即只允许该channel访问该队列   一般等于true的话用于一个队列只能有一个消费者来消费的场景
        // autoDelete：是否自动删除  消费完删除
        // arguments：其他属性
        AMQP.Queue.DeclareOk declareOk = channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        // 输入发送的消息
        Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
        String msg = "";
        while (true) {
            System.out.print("请输入发送的消息: ");
            msg = input.nextLine();

            if (QUIT.equals(msg.toUpperCase())) {
                break;
            }

            // exchange，队列，参数，消息字节体
            channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, msg.getBytes());
            System.out.println("Producer发送的消息: " + msg);
        }

        // 清理工作
        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}
  • 消费者(Consumer)代码
    SimpleReceiver
import com.mcp.lab.mq.rabbit.common.util.ConnectionUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class SimpleReceiver {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "simple_queue";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
        // 获取一个连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        // 从连接获取一个通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            System.out.println(" [Consumer] Received from queue - '" +
                    delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'");
        };
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
        });
    }
}
运行结果:
1. 首先运行结果生产者(ConsoleSender)
我们在控制台的输入如下:
请输入发送的消息: 789
Producer发送的消息: 789
请输入发送的消息: 111
Producer发送的消息: 111
请输入发送的消息: q

2. 其次运行消费者(SimpleReceiver)
显示如下:
[Consumer] Received from queue - 'simple_queue':'789'
[Consumer] Received from queue - 'simple_queue':'111'

3. 工作队列模式实例

  • 生产者(Producer)代码
    WorkQueueSender
import com.mcp.lab.mq.rabbit.common.util.ConnectionUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class WorkQueueSender {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "work_queue";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
        // 获取一个连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        // 从连接获取一个通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        // 声明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
            String message = "work mode message" + i;
            channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());
            System.out.println("[Producer] Sent '" + message + "'");
            Thread.sleep(i * 10);
        }

        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}
  • 消费者代码(模拟2个消费者)
    WorkQueueReceiver1
import com.mcp.lab.mq.rabbit.common.util.ConnectionUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class WorkQueueReceiver1 {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "work_queue";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
        // 获取一个连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        // 从连接获取一个通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        // 同一时刻服务器只会发送一条消息给消费者
        channel.basicQos(1);

        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            System.out.println(" [Work Consumer 1] Received '" +
                    delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'");
        };
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
        });

    }
}

WorkQueueReceiver2

import com.mcp.lab.mq.rabbit.common.util.ConnectionUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class WorkQueueReceiver2 {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "work_queue";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
        // 获取一个连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        // 从连接获取一个通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        // 同一时刻服务器只会发送一条消息给消费者
        channel.basicQos(1);

        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            System.out.println(" [Work Consumer 2] Received '" +
                    delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'");
        };
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
        });

    }
}
运行结果:
1. Producer运行:
[Producer] Sent 'work mode message0'
...
[Producer] Sent 'work mode message99'
---------------------------------------------------

2. Consumer1运行:
 [Work Consumer 1] Received 'work_queue':'work mode message0'
 [Work Consumer 1] Received 'work_queue':'work mode message2'
 ...
 [Work Consumer 1] Received 'work_queue':'work mode message98'
---------------------------------------------------

3. Consumer2运行:
 [Work Consumer 2] Received 'work_queue':'work mode message1'
 [Work Consumer 2] Received 'work_queue':'work mode message3'
 ...
 [Work Consumer 2] Received 'work_queue':'work mode message99'

注: 从上面结果可以看出，2个消费者以抢占的方式消费消息且不重复。

4. 发布订阅模式实例

  • 生产者(Producer)代码
    ConsolePublishSender
import com.mcp.lab.mq.rabbit.common.util.ConnectionUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class ConsolePublishSender {
    private static final String QUIT = "Q";
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "publish_logs";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取一个连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        // 从连接获取一个通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "fanout");

        // 输入发送的消息
        Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
        String msg = "";
        while (true) {
            System.out.print("请输入发送的消息: ");
            msg = input.nextLine();

            if (QUIT.equals(msg.toUpperCase())) {
                break;
            }

            channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "", null, msg.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
            System.out.println(" [Publisher] Sent '" + msg + "'");
        }

        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}
  • 消费者代码(模拟2个消费者)
    SubscribeReceive1
import com.mcp.lab.mq.rabbit.common.util.ConnectionUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

public class SubscribeReceive1 {
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "publish_logs";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取一个连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        // 从连接获取一个通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "fanout");
        String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
        channel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, "");

        System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");

        // 订阅消息的回调函数
        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            System.out.println(" [Subscriber 1] Received '" + message + "'");
        };

        // 消费者，有消息时触发订阅回调函数
        channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
        });
    }
}

SubscribeReceive2

import com.mcp.lab.mq.rabbit.common.util.ConnectionUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;

import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

public class SubscribeReceive2 {
    private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "publish_logs";

    public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
        // 获取一个连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        // 从连接获取一个通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "fanout");
        String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
        channel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, "");

        System.out.println(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C");

        // 订阅消息的回调函数
        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            System.out.println(" [Subscriber 2] Received '" + message + "'");
        };

        // 消费者，有消息时触发订阅回调函数
        channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
        });
    }
}
运行结果:
1. Producer运行:
请输入发送的消息: topic 1
 [Publisher] Sent 'topic 1'
请输入发送的消息: topic 2
 [Publisher] Sent 'topic 2'
请输入发送的消息: haha
 [Publisher] Sent 'haha'
请输入发送的消息: q
---------------------------------------------------
2. Consumer1运行:
[*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C
 [Subscriber 1] Received '发布的主题信息'
 [Subscriber 1] Received 'topic 1'
 [Subscriber 1] Received 'topic 2'
 [Subscriber 1] Received 'haha'
---------------------------------------------------
3. Consumer2运行:
[*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C
 [Subscriber 2] Received '发布的主题信息'
 [Subscriber 2] Received 'topic 1'
 [Subscriber 2] Received 'topic 2'
 [Subscriber 2] Received 'haha'

注: 多个接收者接收到一模一样的消息。该模式用于多个消费者订阅同一个主题。

5. 路由模式实例

  • 生产者(Producer)代码

ConsoleRouteSender

import com.mcp.lab.mq.rabbit.common.util.ConnectionUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class ConsoleRouteSender {
    private static final String QUIT = "Q";
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_direct";
    private final static String EXCHANGE_TYPE = "direct";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        // 获取一个连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        // 从连接获取一个通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        // 交换机声明
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, EXCHANGE_TYPE);

        // 输入发送的消息
        Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
        String msg = "";
        while (true) {
            System.out.print("请输入发送的消息: ");
            msg = input.nextLine();

            if (QUIT.equals(msg.toUpperCase())) {
                break;
            }

            // 只有routingKey相同的才会消费
            channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "key2", null, msg.getBytes());
            //channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "key", null, msg.getBytes());
            System.out.println("[Route Producer] Sent '" + msg + "'");
        }


        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}
  • 消费者代码(模拟2个消费者)

RouteReceiver1

import com.mcp.lab.mq.rabbit.common.util.ConnectionUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class RouteReceiver1 {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_routing";
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_direct";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        // 获取一个连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        // 从连接获取一个通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        // 指定路由的key，接收key和key2
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "key");
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "key2");

        channel.basicQos(1);

        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            System.out.println(" [Route Consumer 1] Received '" +
                    delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'");
        };

        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
        });
    }
}

RouteReceiver2

import com.mcp.lab.mq.rabbit.common.util.ConnectionUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class RouteReceiver2 {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_routing2";
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_direct";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        // 获取一个连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        // 从连接获取一个通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        // 仅接收key2
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "key2");

        channel.basicQos(1);

        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            System.out.println(" [Route Consumer 2] Received '" +
                    delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'");
        };

        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
        });
    }
}

运行结果:

1. Producer运行:
请输入发送的消息: abc
[Route Producer] Sent 'abc'
请输入发送的消息: test
[Route Producer] Sent 'test'
请输入发送的消息: q
---------------------------------------------------

2. Consumer1运行:
 [Route Consumer 1] Received 'key2':'abc'
[Route Consumer 1] Received 'key2':'test'
---------------------------------------------------

3. Consumer2运行:
[Route Consumer 2] Received 'key2':'abc'
[Route Consumer 2] Received 'key2':'test'

如果把sender中的key2改成key，运行结果如下:

请输入发送的消息: 123
[Route Producer] Sent '123'
请输入发送的消息: 456
[Route Producer] Sent '456'
请输入发送的消息: 789
[Route Producer] Sent '789'
请输入发送的消息: q

[Route Consumer 1] Received 'key':'123'
[Route Consumer 1] Received 'key':'456'
[Route Consumer 1] Received 'key':'789'

consumer2没有数据，因为route key没有匹配。

6. 主题模式实例

  • 生产者(Producer)代码

SimpleTopicSender

import com.mcp.lab.mq.rabbit.common.util.ConnectionUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class SimpleTopicSender {
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_topic";
    private final static String EXCHANGE_TYPE = "topic";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
        // 获取一个连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        // 从连接获取一个通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, EXCHANGE_TYPE);

        String message = "topics model message with key.1";
        channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "key.1", null, message.getBytes());
        System.out.println("[Producer] Sent '" + message + "'");

        String message2 = "topics model message with key.1.2";
        channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "key.1.2", null, message2.getBytes());
        System.out.println("[Producer] Sent '" + message2 + "'");

        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }
}
  • 消费者代码(模拟2个消费者)

TopicReceiver1

import com.mcp.lab.mq.rabbit.common.util.ConnectionUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class TopicReceiver1 {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_topic";
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_topic";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
        // 获取一个连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        // 从连接获取一个通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        // 可以接收key.1
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "key.*");

        channel.basicQos(1);

        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            System.out.println(" [Consumer 1] Received '" +
                    delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'");
        };
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
        });
    }
}

TopicReceiver2

import com.mcp.lab.mq.rabbit.common.util.ConnectionUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DeliverCallback;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

public class TopicReceiver2 {
    private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "queue_topic2";
    private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_topic";
    private final static String EXCHANGE_TYPE = "topic";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException, TimeoutException {
        // 获取一个连接
        Connection connection = ConnectionUtils.getConnection();

        // 从连接获取一个通道
        Channel channel = connection.createChannel();

        channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);

        // *号代表单个单词，可以接收key.1
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "*.*");
        // #号代表多个单词，可以接收key.1.2
        channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "*.#");

        channel.basicQos(1);

        DeliverCallback deliverCallback = (consumerTag, delivery) -> {
            String message = new String(delivery.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            System.out.println(" [Consumer 2] Received '" +
                    delivery.getEnvelope().getRoutingKey() + "':'" + message + "'");
        };
        channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, deliverCallback, consumerTag -> {
        });
    }
}
运行结果:
1. Producer运行:
[Producer] Sent 'topics model message with key.1'
[Producer] Sent 'topics model message with key.1.2'
---------------------------------------------------

2. Consumer1运行:
 [Consumer 1] Received 'key.1':'topics model message with key.1'
---------------------------------------------------

3. Consumer2运行:
[Consumer 2] Received 'key.1':'topics model message with key.1'
 [Consumer 2] Received 'key.1.2':'topics model message with key.1.2'

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