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（2024.12）记录——Ubuntu20.04安装opencv库

article 2025/1/24 2:24:17

参考博文：Ubuntu20.04 OpenCV详细安装教程（附多版本切换共存教程）_ubuntu20.04安装opencv-CSDN博客

Ubuntu 20.04上搭建OpenCV 4.5.0 & C++环境

从源码构建

1---下载

官网地址：Releases - OpenCV

选择需要的版本，点击Sources下载zip源码压缩包，下载后解压。

2---编译过程

1>安装工具

sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y cmake g++
sudo apt install make ninja-build

2>编译

在编译OpenCV库之前，需要配置CMakeLists.txt文件。

编辑CMakeLists.txt文件，将set(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX /usr/local)修改为set(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX /usr/local/opencv)，以避免与系统中的其他OpenCV版本冲突。

保存并关闭文件。

mkdir build && cd build
cmake .. -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/opencv

编译 OpenCV库：

make -j$(nproc)

编译成功后，安装OpenCV库：

sudo make install

设置环境变量：

nano ~/.bashrc

在文件的末尾添加以下行：
```bash
export OpenCV_DIR=/usr/local/opencv/share/OpenCV
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/opencv/bin
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/opencv/lib:/usr/local/opencv/3rdparty/libprotobuf/lib/../protobuf/libprotobuf-lite.so:/usr/local/opencv/3rdparty/libprotobuf/lib/../protobuf/libprotobuf.so:/usr/local/opencv/3rdparty/protobuf/src/.libs/libprotobuf.so:/usr/local/opencv/3rdparty/gtest/lib/.libs:/usr/local/opencv/3rdparty/gtest/src/.libs:/usr/local/opencv/3rdparty/gtest/include:/usr/local/opencv/3rdparty/gtest//include:/usr/local/opencv//include:/usr/local//include:/usr//include:/usr//include-fixed:.export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/opencv//lib/pkgconfig:/usr//lib/pkgconfig:.export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/usr//python3.6/site-packages:.export PATH=/usr//bin:.export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/usr//python3.6/site-packages:.export PATH=/usr//bin:.export PATH=/usr//bin:.export PATH=/usr//bin:.export PYTHONPATH=/usr//python3.6/site-packages:.export PATH=/usr//bin:.export PATH=/usr//bin:.export PYTHONPATH=/usr//python3.6site-packages:.export PATH=/usr//bin:.export PATH=/usr//bin:.export PYTHONPATH=/usr//python3

若在设置环境变量时无法写入，权限不够，修改为root用户，或者新建一个文件复制粘贴一下（但不确定这样是否会报错哈），可以多搜索一些，查找更多的解决方法。

换一种方法：