原生 Node 开发 Web 服务器
一、创建基本的 HTTP 服务器
使用 http 模块创建 Web 服务器
const http = require("http");
// 创建服务器
const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
// 设置响应头
res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
// 发送响应内容
res.end("Hello, World!");
});
// 监听端口
server.listen(3000, () => {
console.log("Server running：http://127.0.0.1:3000");
});二、处理不同的 HTTP 请求方法
1. 创建 index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Demo</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>你好啊</h1>
<form action="./" method="post">
<input type="text" name="username" />
<input type="text" name="age" />
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
</form>
</body>
</html>2. 编辑 index.js
const http = require("http");
const fs = require("fs");
const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
if (req.method === "GET") {
// 处理GET请求
res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "text/html" });
fs.readFile("./index.html", "utf8", (err, data) => {
if (!err) {
res.end(data);
}
});
} else if (req.method === "POST") {
// 处理POST请求
let data = "";
req.on("data", (chunk) => {
data += chunk;
});
req.on("end", () => {
res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
res.end(`This is a POST request. Data received: ${data}`);
});
} else {
// 处理其他请求方法
res.writeHead(405, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
res.end("Method Not Allowed");
}
});
// 监听端口
server.listen(3000, () => {
console.log("Server running：http://127.0.0.1:3000");
});三、路由处理
const http = require("http");
const url = require("url");
const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
// 解析URL
const parsedUrl = url.parse(req.url, true);
const pathname = parsedUrl.pathname;
if (pathname === "/") {
// 处理根路径请求
res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
res.end("This is the home page");
} else if (pathname === "/about") {
// 处理/about路径请求
res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
res.end("This is the about page");
} else {
// 处理其他路径请求
res.writeHead(404, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
res.end("Page Not Found");
}
});
server.listen(3000, () => {
console.log("Server running on port 3000");
});四、静态文件服务
可以使用`fs`模块来实现静态文件的服务，例如返回 HTML、CSS、JavaScript 等文件。
const http = require("http");
const fs = require("fs");
const path = require("path");
const url = require("url");
const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
// 解析URL
const parsedUrl = url.parse(req.url, true);
const pathname = parsedUrl.pathname;
// 处理根路径请求，返回index.html文件
if (pathname === "/") {
const filePath = path.join(__dirname, "index.html");
fs.readFile(filePath, (err, data) => {
if (err) {
res.writeHead(500, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
res.end("Internal Server Error");
} else {
res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": "text/html" });
res.end(data);
}
});
// 处理其他静态文件请求
} else {
const filePath = path.join(__dirname, pathname);
// fs.stat 判断路径对应的是否为文件
fs.stat(filePath, (err, stats) => {
if (err) {
res.writeHead(404, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
res.end("Page Not Found");
} else if (stats.isFile()) {
// 如果是文件，则读取并返回文件内容
fs.readFile(filePath, (err, data) => {
if (err) {
res.writeHead(500, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
res.end("Internal Server Error");
} else {
// 根据文件扩展名设置正确的Content-Type
const extname = path.extname(filePath);
let contentType = "text/plain";
if (extname === ".html") {
contentType = "text/html";
} else if (extname === ".css") {
contentType = "text/css";
} else if (extname === ".js") {
contentType = "application/javascript";
}
res.writeHead(200, { "Content-Type": contentType });
res.end(data);
}
});
} else {
res.writeHead(404, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
res.end("Page Not Found");
}
});
}
});
server.listen(3000, () => {
console.log("Server running on port 3000");
});