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【蓝桥杯嵌入式】8_IIC通信-eeprom读写

article 2025/2/10 14:04:56

全部代码网盘自取

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1PX2NCQxnADxYBQx5CsOgPA?pwd=3ii2 
提取码：3ii2

1、电路图

这个电路允许通过I2C总线与EEPROM(M24C02-WMN6TP)和数字电位器(MCP4017T-104ELT)进行通信。EEPROM用于存储数据，而数字电位器可以用于调节模拟电压输出。通过I2C总线，微控制器可以读取EEPROM中的数据或配置数字电位器的电阻值。

2、Cube配置

将PB7和PB6设置为output

将官方提供的I2C底层代码放到工程目录下

3、代码

我们在前面输入捕获频率的基础上，增加按键功能，并用eeprom存储频率（整型数据）

修改i2c_hal.h和i2c_hal.c文件

i2c_hal.h

#ifndef __I2C_HAL_H
#define __I2C_HAL_H

#include "main.h"

void I2CStart(void);
void I2CStop(void);
unsigned char I2CWaitAck(void);
void I2CSendAck(void);
void I2CSendNotAck(void);
void I2CSendByte(unsigned char cSendByte);
unsigned char I2CReceiveByte(void);
void I2CInit(void);
uchar eeprom_read(uchar addr);
void eeprom_write(uchar addr,uchar data);
#endif

i2c_hal.c

/*
  ����˵��: CT117E-M4Ƕ��ʽ������GPIOģ��I2C������������
  ��������: MDK-ARM HAL��
  Ӳ������: CT117E-M4Ƕ��ʽ������
  ��    ��: 2020-3-1
*/

#include "i2c_hal.h"

#define DELAY_TIME	20

/**
  * @brief SDA������ģʽ����
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
void SDA_Input_Mode()
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure = {0};

    GPIO_InitStructure.Pin = GPIO_PIN_7;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
}

/**
  * @brief SDA�����ģʽ����
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
void SDA_Output_Mode()
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure = {0};

    GPIO_InitStructure.Pin = GPIO_PIN_7;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_OD;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
}

/**
  * @brief SDA�����һ��λ
  * @param val ���������
  * @retval None
  */
void SDA_Output( uint16_t val )
{
    if ( val )
    {
        GPIOB->BSRR |= GPIO_PIN_7;
    }
    else
    {
        GPIOB->BRR |= GPIO_PIN_7;
    }
}

/**
  * @brief SCL�����һ��λ
  * @param val ���������
  * @retval None
  */
void SCL_Output( uint16_t val )
{
    if ( val )
    {
        GPIOB->BSRR |= GPIO_PIN_6;
    }
    else
    {
        GPIOB->BRR |= GPIO_PIN_6;
    }
}

/**
  * @brief SDA����һλ
  * @param None
  * @retval GPIO����һλ
  */
uint8_t SDA_Input(void)
{
	if(HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_7) == GPIO_PIN_SET){
		return 1;
	}else{
		return 0;
	}
}


/**
  * @brief I2C�Ķ�����ʱ
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
static void delay1(unsigned int n)
{
    uint32_t i;
    for ( i = 0; i < n; ++i);
}

/**
  * @brief I2C��ʼ�ź�
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
void I2CStart(void)
{
    SDA_Output(1);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL_Output(1);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SDA_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
}

/**
  * @brief I2C�����ź�
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
void I2CStop(void)
{
    SCL_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SDA_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL_Output(1);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SDA_Output(1);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);

}

/**
  * @brief I2C�ȴ�ȷ���ź�
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
unsigned char I2CWaitAck(void)
{
    unsigned short cErrTime = 5;
    SDA_Input_Mode();
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL_Output(1);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    while(SDA_Input())
    {
        cErrTime--;
        delay1(DELAY_TIME);
        if (0 == cErrTime)
        {
            SDA_Output_Mode();
            I2CStop();
            return ERROR;
        }
    }
    SCL_Output(0);
    SDA_Output_Mode();
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    return SUCCESS;
}

/**
  * @brief I2C����ȷ���ź�
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
void I2CSendAck(void)
{
    SDA_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL_Output(1);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);

}

/**
  * @brief I2C���ͷ�ȷ���ź�
  * @param None
  * @retval None
  */
void I2CSendNotAck(void)
{
    SDA_Output(1);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL_Output(1);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SCL_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);

}

/**
  * @brief I2C����һ���ֽ�
  * @param cSendByte ��Ҫ���͵��ֽ�
  * @retval None
  */
void I2CSendByte(unsigned char cSendByte)
{
    unsigned char  i = 8;
    while (i--)
    {
        SCL_Output(0);
        delay1(DELAY_TIME);
        SDA_Output(cSendByte & 0x80);
        delay1(DELAY_TIME);
        cSendByte += cSendByte;
        delay1(DELAY_TIME);
        SCL_Output(1);
        delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    }
    SCL_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
}

/**
  * @brief I2C����һ���ֽ�
  * @param None
  * @retval ���յ����ֽ�
  */
unsigned char I2CReceiveByte(void)
{
    unsigned char i = 8;
    unsigned char cR_Byte = 0;
    SDA_Input_Mode();
    while (i--)
    {
        cR_Byte += cR_Byte;
        SCL_Output(0);
        delay1(DELAY_TIME);
        delay1(DELAY_TIME);
        SCL_Output(1);
        delay1(DELAY_TIME);
        cR_Byte |=  SDA_Input();
    }
    SCL_Output(0);
    delay1(DELAY_TIME);
    SDA_Output_Mode();
    return cR_Byte;
}

//
void I2CInit(void)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure = {0};

    GPIO_InitStructure.Pin = GPIO_PIN_7 | GPIO_PIN_6;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
}

//读的过程:启动->写入写操作指令0xA0->等待回应->写入存储地址->等待回应 
//          重新启动->写入读操作指令0xA1->等待回应->读取数据->等待回应->停止
uchar eeprom_read(uchar addr)//eeprom读取
{
	uchar data;
	
	I2CStart();
	I2CSendByte(0xA0);			
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CSendByte(addr);
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CStop();
	
	I2CStart();
	I2CSendByte(0xa1);
	I2CWaitAck();
	data=I2CReceiveByte();
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CStop();
	
	return data;
}

//写的过程:启动->写入写操作指令0xA0->等待回应->写入存储地址->等待回应->写入数据->等待回应->停止
void eeprom_write(uchar addr,uchar data)//eeprom写入
{
	I2CStart();
	I2CSendByte(0xA0);
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CSendByte(addr);
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CSendByte(data);
	I2CWaitAck();
	I2CStop();
}

main.c

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2024 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "tim.h"
#include "gpio.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "lcd.h"
#include "interrupt.h"
#include "i2c_hal.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */
void disp_pro(void);
void IIC_pro(void);
void key_pro(void);
extern struct keys key[4];
extern uint frq1,frq2;//频率
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_TIM3_Init();
  MX_TIM2_Init();
  MX_TIM4_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
    HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim4);
	HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(&htim2,TIM_CHANNEL_1);//打开定时器2、3的通道1
	HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(&htim3,TIM_CHANNEL_1);
    
	LCD_Init();//LCD的初始化  
    LCD_Clear(Black);
    LCD_SetBackColor(Black);
    LCD_SetTextColor(White);
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
	  key_pro();
	  disp_pro();
	  HAL_Delay(100);
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
  */
  HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE1);

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = RCC_PLLM_DIV3;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 20;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = RCC_PLLQ_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLR = RCC_PLLR_DIV2;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
void IIC_pro(void)
{
	uchar frq1_h=frq1>>8;   //高8位
	uchar frq1_l=frq1&0xFF; //低8位 
	uchar frq2_h=frq2>>8;   //高8位
	uchar frq2_l=frq2&0xFF; //低8位 
	eeprom_write(1,frq1_h);//写入高8位
	HAL_Delay(10);		  //写入需要时间
	eeprom_write(2,frq1_l);//写入低8位
	HAL_Delay(10);		  //写入需要时间
	eeprom_write(3,frq2_h);//写入高8位
	HAL_Delay(10);		  //写入需要时间
	eeprom_write(4,frq2_l);//写入低8位
}

void key_pro(void)
{
	if(key[1].single_flag==1)
	{
		IIC_pro();
		key[1].single_flag=0;
	}
}

void disp_pro(void)
{
	char temp[30];
	sprintf(temp,"  frq1=%d           ",frq1);
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line0, (uchar *)temp);
	sprintf(temp,"  frq2=%d           ",frq2);
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line2, (uchar *)temp);
	
	uint eep_temp1=(eeprom_read(1)<<8)+eeprom_read(2);
	sprintf(temp,"  frq1_eep=%d           ",eep_temp1);
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4, (uchar *)temp);
	uint eep_temp2=(eeprom_read(3)<<8)+eeprom_read(4);
	sprintf(temp,"  frq2_eep=%d           ",eep_temp2);
	LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line6, (uchar *)temp);
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */


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