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阿里云IOT消息处理

article 2025/2/15 17:53:13

        文章主要讲述了阿里云IOT平台如何处理设备上报的消息、如何将消息路由到不同的处理逻辑、如何进行消息转发与转换等操作。

 

一、接收IOT消息

1.创建订阅

2.案列代码

官网案例代码：如何将AMQP JMS客户端接入物联网平台接收消息_物联网平台(IoT)-阿里云帮助中心

代码详情：

package com.aliyun.iotx.demo;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import javax.crypto.Mac;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import javax.jms.Connection;
import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.Destination;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.MessageConsumer;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;
import javax.jms.MessageProducer;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.naming.Context;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;

import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.apache.qpid.jms.JmsConnection;
import org.apache.qpid.jms.JmsConnectionListener;
import org.apache.qpid.jms.message.JmsInboundMessageDispatch;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class AmqpClient {
    private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AmqpClient.class);
    /**
     * 工程代码泄露可能会导致 AccessKey 泄露，并威胁账号下所有资源的安全性。以下代码示例使用环境变量获取 AccessKey 的方式进行调用，仅供参考
     */
    private static String accessKey = "LTAI5tDQKg";
    private static String accessSecret = "LYUKZ";;
    private static String consumerGroupId = "eraic";

    //iotInstanceId：实例ID。若是2021年07月30日之前（不含当日）开通的公共实例，请填空字符串。
    private static String iotInstanceId = "iot-00000frq8umvkx2";

    //控制台服务端订阅中消费组状态页客户端ID一栏将显示clientId参数。
    //建议使用机器UUID、MAC地址、IP等唯一标识等作为clientId。便于您区分识别不同的客户端。
    private static String clientId;

    static {
        try {
            clientId = InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress();
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //${YourHost}为接入域名，请参见AMQP客户端接入说明文档。
    private static String host = "iot-00000frq8umvkx2.amqp.iothub.aliyuncs.com";

    // 指定单个进程启动的连接数
    // 单个连接消费速率有限，请参考使用限制，最大64个连接
    // 连接数和消费速率及rebalance相关，建议每500QPS增加一个连接
    private static int connectionCount = 4;

    //业务处理异步线程池，线程池参数可以根据您的业务特点调整，或者您也可以用其他异步方式处理接收到的消息。
    private final static ExecutorService executorService = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
        Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors(),
        Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors() * 2, 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
        new LinkedBlockingQueue(50000));

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        List<Connection> connections = new ArrayList<>();

        //参数说明，请参见AMQP客户端接入说明文档。
        for (int i = 0; i < connectionCount; i++) {
            long timeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
            //签名方法：支持hmacmd5、hmacsha1和hmacsha256。
            String signMethod = "hmacsha1";

            //userName组装方法，请参见AMQP客户端接入说明文档。
            String userName = clientId + "-" + i + "|authMode=aksign"
                + ",signMethod=" + signMethod
                + ",timestamp=" + timeStamp
                + ",authId=" + accessKey
                + ",iotInstanceId=" + iotInstanceId
                + ",consumerGroupId=" + consumerGroupId
                + "|";
            //计算签名，password组装方法，请参见AMQP客户端接入说明文档。
            String signContent = "authId=" + accessKey + "&timestamp=" + timeStamp;
            String password = doSign(signContent, accessSecret, signMethod);
            String connectionUrl = "failover:(amqps://" + host + ":5671?amqp.idleTimeout=80000)"
                + "?failover.reconnectDelay=30";

            Hashtable<String, String> hashtable = new Hashtable<>();
            hashtable.put("connectionfactory.SBCF", connectionUrl);
            hashtable.put("queue.QUEUE", "default");
            hashtable.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, "org.apache.qpid.jms.jndi.JmsInitialContextFactory");
            Context context = new InitialContext(hashtable);
            ConnectionFactory cf = (ConnectionFactory)context.lookup("SBCF");
            Destination queue = (Destination)context.lookup("QUEUE");
            // 创建连接。
            Connection connection = cf.createConnection(userName, password);
            connections.add(connection);

            ((JmsConnection)connection).addConnectionListener(myJmsConnectionListener);
            // 创建会话。
            // Session.CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGE: 收到消息后，需要手动调用message.acknowledge()。
            // Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE: SDK自动ACK（推荐）。
            Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);

            connection.start();
            // 创建Receiver连接。
            MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(queue);
            consumer.setMessageListener(messageListener);
        }

        logger.info("amqp demo is started successfully, and will exit after 60s ");

        // 结束程序运行 
        Thread.sleep(6000 * 1000);
        logger.info("run shutdown");

        connections.forEach(c-> {
            try {
                c.close();
            } catch (JMSException e) {
                logger.error("failed to close connection", e);
            }
        });

        executorService.shutdown();
        if (executorService.awaitTermination(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
            logger.info("shutdown success");
        } else {
            logger.info("failed to handle messages");
        }
    }

    private static MessageListener messageListener = new MessageListener() {
        @Override
        public void onMessage(final Message message) {
            try {
                //1.收到消息之后一定要ACK。
                // 推荐做法：创建Session选择Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE，这里会自动ACK。
                // 其他做法：创建Session选择Session.CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGE，这里一定要调message.acknowledge()来ACK。
                // message.acknowledge();
                //2.建议异步处理收到的消息，确保onMessage函数里没有耗时逻辑。
                // 如果业务处理耗时过程过长阻塞住线程，可能会影响SDK收到消息后的正常回调。
                executorService.submit(new Runnable() {
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        processMessage(message);
                    }
                });
            } catch (Exception e) {
                logger.error("submit task occurs exception ", e);
            }
        }
    };

    /**
     * 在这里处理您收到消息后的具体业务逻辑。
     */
    private static void processMessage(Message message) {
        try {
            byte[] body = message.getBody(byte[].class);
            String content = new String(body);
            String topic = message.getStringProperty("topic");
            String messageId = message.getStringProperty("messageId");
            logger.info("receive message"
                + ",\n topic = " + topic
                + ",\n messageId = " + messageId
                + ",\n content = " + content);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("processMessage occurs error ", e);
        }
    }

    private static JmsConnectionListener myJmsConnectionListener = new JmsConnectionListener() {
        /**
         * 连接成功建立。
         */
        @Override
        public void onConnectionEstablished(URI remoteURI) {
            logger.info("onConnectionEstablished, remoteUri:{}", remoteURI);
        }

        /**
         * 尝试过最大重试次数之后，最终连接失败。
         */
        @Override
        public void onConnectionFailure(Throwable error) {
            logger.error("onConnectionFailure, {}", error.getMessage());
        }

        /**
         * 连接中断。
         */
        @Override
        public void onConnectionInterrupted(URI remoteURI) {
            logger.info("onConnectionInterrupted, remoteUri:{}", remoteURI);
        }

        /**
         * 连接中断后又自动重连上。
         */
        @Override
        public void onConnectionRestored(URI remoteURI) {
            logger.info("onConnectionRestored, remoteUri:{}", remoteURI);
        }

        @Override
        public void onInboundMessage(JmsInboundMessageDispatch envelope) {}

        @Override
        public void onSessionClosed(Session session, Throwable cause) {}

        @Override
        public void onConsumerClosed(MessageConsumer consumer, Throwable cause) {}

        @Override
        public void onProducerClosed(MessageProducer producer, Throwable cause) {}
    };

    /**
     * 计算签名，password组装方法，请参见AMQP客户端接入说明文档。
     */
    private static String doSign(String toSignString, String secret, String signMethod) throws Exception {
        SecretKeySpec signingKey = new SecretKeySpec(secret.getBytes(), signMethod);
        Mac mac = Mac.getInstance(signMethod);
        mac.init(signingKey);
        byte[] rawHmac = mac.doFinal(toSignString.getBytes());
        return Base64.encodeBase64String(rawHmac);
    }
}

3.接收数据

二、SDK改造业务

如果想在项目启动时就连接阿里平台接受物联网数据，需要去实现ApplicationRunner接口，并重写run方法

1.线程池定义

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

@Configuration
public class ThreadPoolConfig {

    /**
     * 核心线程池大小
     */
    private static final int CORE_POOL_SIZE = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors();

    /**
     * 最大可创建的线程数
     */
    private static final int MAX_POOL_SIZE = Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors() * 2;

    /**
     * 队列最大长度
     */
    private static final int QUEUE_CAPACITY = 50000;

    /**
     * 线程池维护线程所允许的空闲时间
     */
    private static final int KEEP_ALIVE_SECONDS = 60;

    @Bean
    public ExecutorService executorService(){
        AtomicInteger c = new AtomicInteger(1);
        LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable> queue = new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>(QUEUE_CAPACITY);
        return new ThreadPoolExecutor(
                CORE_POOL_SIZE,
                MAX_POOL_SIZE,
                KEEP_ALIVE_SECONDS,
                TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,
                queue,
                r -> new Thread(r, "sdk-pool-" + c.getAndIncrement()),
                new ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy()
        );
    }
}

2.AmqpClient

package com.zzyl.job;

import com.zzyl.properties.AliIoTConfigProperties;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.apache.qpid.jms.JmsConnection;
import org.apache.qpid.jms.JmsConnectionListener;
import org.apache.qpid.jms.message.JmsInboundMessageDispatch;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationArguments;
import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.crypto.Mac;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import javax.jms.*;
import javax.naming.Context;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;

@Component
public class AmqpClient implements ApplicationRunner {
    private final static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AmqpClient.class);

    @Autowired
    private AliIoTConfigProperties aliIoTConfigProperties;

    //控制台服务端订阅中消费组状态页客户端ID一栏将显示clientId参数。
    //建议使用机器UUID、MAC地址、IP等唯一标识等作为clientId。便于您区分识别不同的客户端。
    private static String clientId;

    static {
        try {
            clientId = InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress();
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    // 指定单个进程启动的连接数
    // 单个连接消费速率有限，请参考使用限制，最大64个连接
    // 连接数和消费速率及rebalance相关，建议每500QPS增加一个连接
    private static int connectionCount = 64;

    //业务处理异步线程池，线程池参数可以根据您的业务特点调整，或者您也可以用其他异步方式处理接收到的消息。
    @Autowired
    private ExecutorService executorService;

    public void start() throws Exception {
        List<Connection> connections = new ArrayList<>();

        //参数说明，请参见AMQP客户端接入说明文档。
        for (int i = 0; i < connectionCount; i++) {
            long timeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
            //签名方法：支持hmacmd5、hmacsha1和hmacsha256。
            String signMethod = "hmacsha1";

            //userName组装方法，请参见AMQP客户端接入说明文档。
            String userName = clientId + "-" + i + "|authMode=aksign"
                    + ",signMethod=" + signMethod
                    + ",timestamp=" + timeStamp
                    + ",authId=" + aliIoTConfigProperties.getAccessKeyId()
                    + ",iotInstanceId=" + aliIoTConfigProperties.getIotInstanceId()
                    + ",consumerGroupId=" + aliIoTConfigProperties.getConsumerGroupId()
                    + "|";
            //计算签名，password组装方法，请参见AMQP客户端接入说明文档。
            String signContent = "authId=" + aliIoTConfigProperties.getAccessKeyId() + "&timestamp=" + timeStamp;
            String password = doSign(signContent, aliIoTConfigProperties.getAccessKeySecret(), signMethod);
            String connectionUrl = "failover:(amqps://" + aliIoTConfigProperties.getHost() + ":5671?amqp.idleTimeout=80000)"
                    + "?failover.reconnectDelay=30";

            Hashtable<String, String> hashtable = new Hashtable<>();
            hashtable.put("connectionfactory.SBCF", connectionUrl);
            hashtable.put("queue.QUEUE", "default");
            hashtable.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, "org.apache.qpid.jms.jndi.JmsInitialContextFactory");
            Context context = new InitialContext(hashtable);
            ConnectionFactory cf = (ConnectionFactory) context.lookup("SBCF");
            Destination queue = (Destination) context.lookup("QUEUE");
            // 创建连接。
            Connection connection = cf.createConnection(userName, password);
            connections.add(connection);

            ((JmsConnection) connection).addConnectionListener(myJmsConnectionListener);
            // 创建会话。
            // Session.CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGE: 收到消息后，需要手动调用message.acknowledge()。
            // Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE: SDK自动ACK（推荐）。
            Session session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);

            connection.start();
            // 创建Receiver连接。
            MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(queue);
            consumer.setMessageListener(messageListener);
        }

        logger.info("amqp  is started successfully, and will exit after server shutdown ");
    }

    private MessageListener messageListener = message -> {
        try {
            //异步处理收到的消息，确保onMessage函数里没有耗时逻辑
            executorService.submit(() -> processMessage(message));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("submit task occurs exception ", e);
        }
    };

    /**
     * 在这里处理您收到消息后的具体业务逻辑。
     */
    private void processMessage(Message message) {
        try {
            byte[] body = message.getBody(byte[].class);
            String contentStr = new String(body);
            String topic = message.getStringProperty("topic");
            String messageId = message.getStringProperty("messageId");
            logger.info("receive message"
                    + ",\n topic = " + topic
                    + ",\n messageId = " + messageId
                    + ",\n content = " + contentStr);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("processMessage occurs error ", e);
        }
    }

    private JmsConnectionListener myJmsConnectionListener = new JmsConnectionListener() {
        /**
         * 连接成功建立。
         */
        @Override
        public void onConnectionEstablished(URI remoteURI) {
            logger.info("onConnectionEstablished, remoteUri:{}", remoteURI);
        }

        /**
         * 尝试过最大重试次数之后，最终连接失败。
         */
        @Override
        public void onConnectionFailure(Throwable error) {
            logger.error("onConnectionFailure, {}", error.getMessage());
        }

        /**
         * 连接中断。
         */
        @Override
        public void onConnectionInterrupted(URI remoteURI) {
            logger.info("onConnectionInterrupted, remoteUri:{}", remoteURI);
        }

        /**
         * 连接中断后又自动重连上。
         */
        @Override
        public void onConnectionRestored(URI remoteURI) {
            logger.info("onConnectionRestored, remoteUri:{}", remoteURI);
        }

        @Override
        public void onInboundMessage(JmsInboundMessageDispatch envelope) {
        }

        @Override
        public void onSessionClosed(Session session, Throwable cause) {
        }

        @Override
        public void onConsumerClosed(MessageConsumer consumer, Throwable cause) {
        }

        @Override
        public void onProducerClosed(MessageProducer producer, Throwable cause) {
        }
    };

    /**
     * 计算签名，password组装方法，请参见AMQP客户端接入说明文档。
     */
    private static String doSign(String toSignString, String secret, String signMethod) throws Exception {
        SecretKeySpec signingKey = new SecretKeySpec(secret.getBytes(), signMethod);
        Mac mac = Mac.getInstance(signMethod);
        mac.init(signingKey);
        byte[] rawHmac = mac.doFinal(toSignString.getBytes());
        return Base64.encodeBase64String(rawHmac);
    }

    @Override
    public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
        start();
    }
}

3.数据存储

@Data
public class Content {

    /**
     * 设备类型
     */
    private String deviceType;
    /**
     * 设备ID
     */
    private String iotId;
    /**
     * 请求ID
     */
    private long requestId;
    private Map<String, Object> checkFailedData;

    /**
     * 产品key
     */
    private String productKey;
    private long gmtCreate;
    private String deviceName;
    private Map<String, Item> items;

    public class Item {
        private int value;
        private long time;

        public int getValue() {
            return value;
        }

        public void setValue(int value) {
            this.value = value;
        }

        public long getTime() {
            return time;
        }

        public void setTime(long time) {
            this.time = time;
        }
    }
}
private void processMessage(Message message) {
        try {
            byte[] body = message.getBody(byte[].class);
            String content = new String(body);
            String topic = message.getStringProperty("topic");
            String messageId = message.getStringProperty("messageId");
            logger.info("receive message"
                + ",\n topic = " + topic
                + ",\n messageId = " + messageId
                + ",\n content = " + content);
            //***数据持久化
            Content contentObject = JSON.parseObject(content, Content.class);
            //依据设备id去数据库查询设备信息
            List<DeviceVo> deviceVoList = deviceMapper.selectByDeviceIds(Collections.singletonList(contentObject.getIotId()));
            if (ObjectUtil.isEmpty(deviceVoList)) {
                logger.error("设备不存在" + contentObject.getIotId());
                return;
            }
            //遍历存储设备的所有不同数据
            contentObject.getItems().forEach((key, value) -> {
                DeviceVo device = deviceVoList.get(0);
                DeviceData build = DeviceData.builder()
                        .alarmTime(LocalDateTimeUtil.of(value.getTime()))
                        .deviceName(contentObject.getDeviceName())
                        .iotId(contentObject.getIotId())
                        .productId(contentObject.getProductKey())
                        .functionName(key)
                        .dataValue(value.getValue() + "")
                        .noteName(device.getNickname())
                        .productName(device.getProductName())
                        .accessLocation(device.getRemark())
//                        .status(status + "")
                    .build();
                int insert = deviceDataMapper.insert(build);
                if (insert > 0) {
                    logger.info(contentObject.getDeviceName() + "设备" + key + "数据存储成功");
                }
            });
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("processMessage occurs error ", e);
        }
    }


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