使用 Ansible 通过源码编译安装 Nginx 的完整步骤。

 服务器清单

 步骤1 安装 Ansible 

在控制节点（运行 Ansible 的机器）上安装 Ansible

sudo yum install epel-release -y
sudo yum install ansible -y

验证安装：

ansible --version

步骤2：配置 Ansible 主机清单

编辑 Ansible 的主机清单文件 /etc/ansible/hosts，添加目标服务器

sudo vim /etc/ansible/hosts

添加以下内容：

[webservers]
192.168.153.221
192.168.153.222

 步骤3：配置 SSH 免密登录

在控制节点上生成 SSH 密钥对，（一直回车）

ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096

将公钥复制到目标服务器：

ssh-copy-id root@192.168.153.221
ssh-copy-id root@192.168.153.222

步骤4：创建 Ansible Playbook

创建一个 Playbook 文件 nginx.yml

sudo vim nginx.yml

添加以下内容：

---
- hosts: webservers
  become: yes
  tasks:
    - name: Ensure /opt directory exists
      file:
        path: /opt
        state: directory

    - name: Install dependencies
      yum:
        name:
          - gcc-c++
          - pcre
          - pcre-devel
          - zlib
          - zlib-devel
          - openssl
          - openssl-devel
        state: present

    - name: Download Nginx source code
      get_url:
        url: https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.26.2.tar.gz
        dest: /opt/nginx-1.26.2.tar.gz

    - name: Extract Nginx source code
      unarchive:
        src: /opt/nginx-1.26.2.tar.gz
        dest: /opt
        remote_src: yes

    - name: Configure Nginx
      command: ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
      args:
        chdir: /opt/nginx-1.26.2

    - name: Compile Nginx
      command: make
      args:
        chdir: /opt/nginx-1.26.2

    - name: Install Nginx
      command: make install
      args:
        chdir: /opt/nginx-1.26.2

    - name: Start Nginx
      command: /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

    - name: Ensure firewall allows HTTP and HTTPS
      firewalld:
        service: "{{ item }}"
        permanent: yes
        state: enabled
      loop:
        - http
        - https
      notify:
        - Reload firewall

  handlers:
    - name: Reload firewall
      command: firewall-cmd --reload

步骤5：运行 Playbook

使用以下命令运行 Playbook：

ansible-playbook nginx.yml

步骤6：验证安装

在浏览器中访问以下地址，验证 Nginx 是否正常运行：

• http://192.168.153.221

• http://192.168.153.222

如果看到 Nginx 的默认欢迎页面，说明安装成功。

步骤7：把 Nginx 服务添加到systemd管理

创建一个 Playbook 文件 nginx-systemd.yml

sudo vim nginx-systemd.yml

添加以下内容：

---
- hosts: webservers  # 指定目标主机组
  become: yes        # 使用 root 权限执行任务
  tasks:             # 定义任务列表
    - name: Create Nginx systemd service file
      copy:
        dest: /etc/systemd/system/nginx.service
        content: |
          [Unit]
          Description=The nginx HTTP and reverse proxy server
          After=network.target

          [Service]
          Type=forking
          ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
          ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
          ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit
          PrivateTmp=true

          [Install]
          WantedBy=multi-user.target

    - name: Reload systemd daemon
      command: systemctl daemon-reload

    - name: Enable and start Nginx service
      service:
        name: nginx
        state: started
        enabled: yes

运行 Playbook：

ansible-playbook nginx-systemd.yml

验证：

systemctl status nginx

systemd管理命令

# 重新加载 systemd 管理器配置，以便使新的服务文件或配置变更生效
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
# 设置 Nginx 服务在系统启动时自动启动
sudo systemctl enable nginx
# 启动 Nginx 服务
sudo systemctl start nginx
# 查看 Nginx 服务的当前状态（是否运行中）
sudo systemctl status nginx
#重启Nginx 服务
sudo systemctl restart nginx