蓝桥杯(电子类)嵌入式第十一届设计与开发科目模拟试题
一、功能概览
二、分模块实现
1、按键
新建interrupt.h和interrupt.c写中断的代码（写法学习来自定时器-按键单击_哔哩哔哩_bilibili）
#ifndef __INTERRUPT_H
#define __INTERRUPT_H
#include "main.h"
#include "stdbool.h"
struct keys
{
uchar judge_sta;
bool key_sta;
bool single_flag;
bool long_flag;
uint key_time;
};
#endifextern bool LED1_flag;
struct keys key[4]={0,0,0};
void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
if(htim->Instance == TIM4)
{
key[0].key_sta = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_0);
key[1].key_sta = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_1);
key[2].key_sta = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_2);
key[3].key_sta = HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_0);
for(int i=0;i<4;i++)
{
switch(key[i].judge_sta)
{
case 0:
{
if(key[i].key_sta == 0)
{
key[i].judge_sta = 1;
key[i].key_time = 0;
}
}
break;
case 1:
{
if(key[i].key_sta == 0)
key[i].judge_sta = 2;
else
key[i].judge_sta = 0;
}
break;
case 2:
{
if(key[i].key_sta == 1)
{
key[i].judge_sta = 0;
if(key[i].key_time<100)
key[i].single_flag = 1;
}
else
{
key[i].key_time++;
if(key[i].key_time>100)
key[i].long_flag = 1;
}
}
break;
}
}
}
if(htim->Instance == TIM2)//定时器二控制LED1闪烁
{
LED1_flag = !LED1_flag;
}
}2、LED
解决LED和LCD最简单粗暴的方法就是控制某一LED灯的时候，对所有LED都操作一次，需要控制灯闪烁的需要使用状态标志位（我这里是LED1_flag），在定时器中断里通过改变标志位实现闪烁。
void led_proc(void)
{
if(view == 0)
{
if(LED1_flag == 1)
{
LED_show(1,1);
}
else
{
LED_show(1,0);
}
}
else
{
HAL_TIM_Base_Stop_IT(&htim2);
LED1_flag = 0;
LED_show(1,0);
}
if(view == 1)
{
LED_show(2,1);
}
else
{
LED_show(2,0);
}
if(view == 2)
{
LED_show(3,1);
}
else
{
LED_show(3,0);
}
LED_show(4,0);
LED_show(5,0);
LED_show(6,0);
LED_show(7,0);
LED_show(8,0);
}3、串口
调试器的 USB 转串口功能默认与 STM32G431RBT6微控制器 USART1 连接，而题目要求使用的是USART2，所以要用USB转TTL串口模块
使能中断
对应端口接线
题目只需要发送时钟或报警设置完成时输出设置信息，所以不需要写接收中断，发送信息用HAL_UART_Transmit函数。
4、EEPROM
比赛使用的是软件I2C，CubeMX中把端口设置为output模式即可。
把官方给的驱动代码添加到工程，并添加读写函数：
uchar eeprom_read(uchar addr)
{
uchar dat;
I2CStart();
I2CSendByte(0xa0);
I2CWaitAck();
I2CSendByte(addr);
I2CWaitAck();
I2CStop();
I2CStart();
I2CSendByte(0xa1);
I2CWaitAck();
dat = I2CReceiveByte();
I2CSendNotAck();
I2CStop();
return dat;
}void eeprom_write(uchar addr,uchar dat)
{
I2CStart();
I2CSendByte(0xa0);
I2CWaitAck();
I2CSendByte(addr);
I2CWaitAck();
I2CSendByte(dat);
I2CWaitAck();
I2CStop();
}不要忘了在main里面添加I2C初始化I2CInit()！！！
5、RTC
RTC部分我参考的是这篇博客：蓝桥杯嵌入式（G4系列）：RTC时钟_蓝桥杯嵌入式修改rtc闹钟时间-CSDN博客
但是我的时钟输入选的不是博客里的HSE_RTC,选的是默认的LSI，要不然秒钟加的奇快，我也不知道咋回事。
特别注意！！！👇👇👇
设置闹钟关键代码
//设置闹钟的代码来自MX_GPIO_Init()
SetAlarm.AlarmTime.Hours=setalarm[0];
SetAlarm.AlarmTime.Minutes=setalarm[1];
SetAlarm.AlarmTime.Seconds=setalarm[2];
SetAlarm.AlarmTime.SubSeconds = 0x0;
SetAlarm.AlarmMask = RTC_ALARMMASK_DATEWEEKDAY;
SetAlarm.AlarmSubSecondMask = RTC_ALARMSUBSECONDMASK_ALL;
SetAlarm.AlarmDateWeekDaySel = RTC_ALARMDATEWEEKDAYSEL_DATE;
SetAlarm.AlarmDateWeekDay = 0x1;
SetAlarm.Alarm = RTC_ALARM_A;
HAL_RTC_SetAlarm_IT(&hrtc, &SetAlarm, RTC_FORMAT_BIN);
//新的报警时间写入EEPROM
eeprom_write(1,SetAlarm.AlarmTime.Hours);
HAL_Delay(10);
eeprom_write(2,SetAlarm.AlarmTime.Minutes);
HAL_Delay(10);
eeprom_write(3,SetAlarm.AlarmTime.Seconds);
HAL_Delay(10);
aSetTimes++;
eeprom_write(4,aSetTimes);
6、LCD显示
（这个我都是最先写的）
时钟设置参数要高亮显示，我就把要显示的内容以一个一个字符的形式单独用红色显示，使用的是LCD_DisplayChar这个函数
uchar tSelset=-1; //time 0:h 1:m 2:s
uchar aSelset=-1; //alarm 0:h 1:m 2:s
u8 timechar[10]={'0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9'};
vu16 setcolor[3]={White,White,White};
vu16 alarmcolor[3]={White,White,White};
uchar settime[3];
uchar setalarm[3];
void disp_proc(void)
{
if(view == 0)
{
char text[30];
sprintf(text," MAIN ");
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line2,(u8 *)text);
sprintf(text," RTC:%02d:%02d:%02d",sTime.Hours,sTime.Minutes,sTime.Seconds);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4,(u8 *)text);
}
if(view == 1)
{
char text[30];
sprintf(text," RTC_SETTING ");
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line2,(u8 *)text);
sprintf(text," RTC:%02d:%02d:%02d",settime[0],settime[1],settime[2]);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4, (uint8_t *)text);
LCD_SetTextColor(setcolor[0]);
LCD_DisplayChar(Line4,(320 - (16 * 8)),timechar[settime[0]/10]);
LCD_DisplayChar(Line4,(320 - (16 * 9)),timechar[settime[0]%10]);
LCD_SetTextColor(setcolor[1]);
LCD_DisplayChar(Line4,(320 - (16 * 11)),timechar[settime[1]/10]);
LCD_DisplayChar(Line4,(320 - (16 * 12)),timechar[settime[1]%10]);
LCD_SetTextColor(setcolor[2]);
LCD_DisplayChar(Line4,(320 - (16 * 14)),timechar[settime[2]/10]);
LCD_DisplayChar(Line4,(320 - (16 * 15)),timechar[settime[2]%10]);
LCD_SetTextColor(White);
}
if(view == 2)
{
char text[30];
sprintf(text," ALARM_SETTING ");
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line2,(u8 *)text);
sprintf(text," Alarm:%02d:%02d:%02d",setalarm[0],setalarm[1],setalarm[2]);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4, (uint8_t *)text);
LCD_SetTextColor(alarmcolor[0]);
LCD_DisplayChar(Line4,(320 - (16 * 9)),timechar[setalarm[0]/10]);
LCD_DisplayChar(Line4,(320 - (16 * 10)),timechar[setalarm[0]%10]);
LCD_SetTextColor(alarmcolor[1]);
LCD_DisplayChar(Line4,(320 - (16 * 12)),timechar[setalarm[1]/10]);
LCD_DisplayChar(Line4,(320 - (16 * 13)),timechar[setalarm[1]%10]);
LCD_SetTextColor(alarmcolor[2]);
LCD_DisplayChar(Line4,(320 - (16 * 15)),timechar[setalarm[2]/10]);
LCD_DisplayChar(Line4,(320 - (16 * 16)),timechar[setalarm[2]%10]);
LCD_SetTextColor(White);
}
}三、总结
自认为是完全实现了的，发现有错误还请指出！我速速改正(*^_^*)