【源码解析】SpringBoot日志系统源码分析

LoggingApplicationListener

日志组件的处理是LoggingApplicationListener实现的。LoggingApplicationListener#onApplicationEvent，监听事件。如果实现接口GenericApplicationListener，可以允许适配事件类型。

	private static final Class<?>[] EVENT_TYPES = { ApplicationStartingEvent.class,
			ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent.class, ApplicationPreparedEvent.class, ContextClosedEvent.class,
			ApplicationFailedEvent.class };	

	@Override
	public boolean supportsEventType(ResolvableType resolvableType) {
		return isAssignableFrom(resolvableType.getRawClass(), EVENT_TYPES);
	}

	@Override
	public boolean supportsSourceType(Class<?> sourceType) {
		return isAssignableFrom(sourceType, SOURCE_TYPES);
	}

	private boolean isAssignableFrom(Class<?> type, Class<?>... supportedTypes) {
		if (type != null) {
			for (Class<?> supportedType : supportedTypes) {
				if (supportedType.isAssignableFrom(type)) {
					return true;
				}
			}
		}
		return false;
	}

	@Override
	public void onApplicationEvent(ApplicationEvent event) {
		if (event instanceof ApplicationStartingEvent) {
			onApplicationStartingEvent((ApplicationStartingEvent) event);
		}
		else if (event instanceof ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent) {
			onApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent((ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent) event);
		}
		else if (event instanceof ApplicationPreparedEvent) {
			onApplicationPreparedEvent((ApplicationPreparedEvent) event);
		}
		else if (event instanceof ContextClosedEvent
				&& ((ContextClosedEvent) event).getApplicationContext().getParent() == null) {
			onContextClosedEvent();
		}
		else if (event instanceof ApplicationFailedEvent) {
			onApplicationFailedEvent();
		}
	}

startingEvent

LoggingApplicationListener#onApplicationStartingEvent，启动事件。

	private void onApplicationStartingEvent(ApplicationStartingEvent event) {
		this.loggingSystem = LoggingSystem.get(event.getSpringApplication().getClassLoader());
		this.loggingSystem.beforeInitialize();
	}

LoggingSystem#get(java.lang.ClassLoader)，遍历SYSTEMS，判断logback、log4j2和jdk的log的相关类是否存在，产生对应的实例。

	private static final Map<String, String> SYSTEMS;

	static {
		Map<String, String> systems = new LinkedHashMap<>();
		systems.put("ch.qos.logback.core.Appender", "org.springframework.boot.logging.logback.LogbackLoggingSystem");
		systems.put("org.apache.logging.log4j.core.impl.Log4jContextFactory",
				"org.springframework.boot.logging.log4j2.Log4J2LoggingSystem");
		systems.put("java.util.logging.LogManager", "org.springframework.boot.logging.java.JavaLoggingSystem");
		SYSTEMS = Collections.unmodifiableMap(systems);
	}	

	public static LoggingSystem get(ClassLoader classLoader) {
		String loggingSystem = System.getProperty(SYSTEM_PROPERTY);
		if (StringUtils.hasLength(loggingSystem)) {
			if (NONE.equals(loggingSystem)) {
				return new NoOpLoggingSystem();
			}
			return get(classLoader, loggingSystem);
		}
		return SYSTEMS.entrySet().stream().filter((entry) -> ClassUtils.isPresent(entry.getKey(), classLoader))
				.map((entry) -> get(classLoader, entry.getValue())).findFirst()
				.orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalStateException("No suitable logging system located"));
	}

Log4J2LoggingSystem#beforeInitialize。

• 如果获取到的类是Log4J2LoggingSystem，进行初始化。
• 调用父类的beforeInitialize，配置SLF4JBridgeHandler
• 加FILTER，目的是log4j2 没有初始化完毕时是不能使用的，此时所有的处理都是DENY,就不会打印日志了

	@Override
	public void beforeInitialize() {
		LoggerContext loggerContext = getLoggerContext();
		if (isAlreadyInitialized(loggerContext)) {
			return;
		}
		super.beforeInitialize();
		loggerContext.getConfiguration().addFilter(FILTER);
	}

	private LoggerContext getLoggerContext() {
		return (LoggerContext) LogManager.getContext(false);
	}

Slf4JLoggingSystem#beforeInitialize，移除jdk默认的日志输出器，安装适配jdk的日志的slf4j的输出器。

	@Override
	public void beforeInitialize() {
		super.beforeInitialize();
		configureJdkLoggingBridgeHandler();
	}

	private void configureJdkLoggingBridgeHandler() {
		try {
			if (isBridgeJulIntoSlf4j()) {
				removeJdkLoggingBridgeHandler();
				SLF4JBridgeHandler.install();
			}
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			// Ignore. No java.util.logging bridge is installed.
		}
	}

Slf4JLoggingSystem#removeJdkLoggingBridgeHandler，移除默认的jdk的日志输出器。

	private void removeJdkLoggingBridgeHandler() {
		try {
			removeDefaultRootHandler();
			SLF4JBridgeHandler.uninstall();
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			// Ignore and continue
		}
	}

	private void removeDefaultRootHandler() {
		try {
			Logger rootLogger = LogManager.getLogManager().getLogger("");
			Handler[] handlers = rootLogger.getHandlers();
			if (handlers.length == 1 && handlers[0] instanceof ConsoleHandler) {
				rootLogger.removeHandler(handlers[0]);
			}
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			// Ignore and continue
		}
	}

SLF4JBridgeHandler#install，安装SLF4JBridgeHandler。

    public static void install() {
        LogManager.getLogManager().getLogger("").addHandler(new SLF4JBridgeHandler());
    }

EnvironmentPreparedEvent

LoggingApplicationListener#onApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent

	private void onApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent(ApplicationEnvironmentPreparedEvent event) {
		if (this.loggingSystem == null) {
			this.loggingSystem = LoggingSystem.get(event.getSpringApplication().getClassLoader());
		}
		initialize(event.getEnvironment(), event.getSpringApplication().getClassLoader());
	}

	protected void initialize(ConfigurableEnvironment environment, ClassLoader classLoader) {
		new LoggingSystemProperties(environment).apply();
		this.logFile = LogFile.get(environment);
		if (this.logFile != null) {
			this.logFile.applyToSystemProperties();
		}
		this.loggerGroups = new LoggerGroups(DEFAULT_GROUP_LOGGERS);
		initializeEarlyLoggingLevel(environment);
		initializeSystem(environment, this.loggingSystem, this.logFile);
		initializeFinalLoggingLevels(environment, this.loggingSystem);
		registerShutdownHookIfNecessary(environment, this.loggingSystem);
	}

LogFile#get，获取logging.file.name和logging.file.path属性，构造LogFile。

	public static LogFile get(PropertyResolver propertyResolver) {
		String file = propertyResolver.getProperty(FILE_NAME_PROPERTY);
		String path = propertyResolver.getProperty(FILE_PATH_PROPERTY);
		if (StringUtils.hasLength(file) || StringUtils.hasLength(path)) {
			return new LogFile(file, path);
		}
		return null;
	}

LoggingApplicationListener#initializeSystem，初始化Log4J2LoggingSystem。

	private void initializeSystem(ConfigurableEnvironment environment, LoggingSystem system, LogFile logFile) {
		LoggingInitializationContext initializationContext = new LoggingInitializationContext(environment);
		String logConfig = environment.getProperty(CONFIG_PROPERTY);
		if (ignoreLogConfig(logConfig)) {
			system.initialize(initializationContext, null, logFile);
		}
		else {
			try {
				system.initialize(initializationContext, logConfig, logFile);
			}
			catch (Exception ex) {
				Throwable exceptionToReport = ex;
				while (exceptionToReport != null && !(exceptionToReport instanceof FileNotFoundException)) {
					exceptionToReport = exceptionToReport.getCause();
				}
				exceptionToReport = (exceptionToReport != null) ? exceptionToReport : ex;
				// NOTE: We can't use the logger here to report the problem
				System.err.println("Logging system failed to initialize using configuration from '" + logConfig + "'");
				exceptionToReport.printStackTrace(System.err);
				throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
			}
		}
	}

Log4J2LoggingSystem#initialize，移除过滤器，进行父类初始化。

	public void initialize(LoggingInitializationContext initializationContext, String configLocation, LogFile logFile) {
		LoggerContext loggerContext = getLoggerContext();
		if (isAlreadyInitialized(loggerContext)) {
			return;
		}
		loggerContext.getConfiguration().removeFilter(FILTER);
		super.initialize(initializationContext, configLocation, logFile);
		markAsInitialized(loggerContext);
	}

AbstractLoggingSystem#initialize，获取指定路径下的文件配置，进行重新初始化

	public void initialize(LoggingInitializationContext initializationContext, String configLocation, LogFile logFile) {
		if (StringUtils.hasLength(configLocation)) {
			initializeWithSpecificConfig(initializationContext, configLocation, logFile);
			return;
		}
		initializeWithConventions(initializationContext, logFile);
	}

	private void initializeWithConventions(LoggingInitializationContext initializationContext, LogFile logFile) {
		String config = getSelfInitializationConfig();
		if (config != null && logFile == null) {
			// self initialization has occurred, reinitialize in case of property changes
			reinitialize(initializationContext);
			return;
		}
		if (config == null) {
			config = getSpringInitializationConfig();
		}
		if (config != null) {
			loadConfiguration(initializationContext, config, logFile);
			return;
		}
		loadDefaults(initializationContext, logFile);
	}

	protected String getSelfInitializationConfig() {
		return findConfig(getStandardConfigLocations());
	}

	@Override
	protected void reinitialize(LoggingInitializationContext initializationContext) {
		getLoggerContext().reconfigure();
	}

Log4J2LoggingSystem#getStandardConfigLocations，根据如下路径加载配置。

	@Override
	protected String[] getStandardConfigLocations() {
		return getCurrentlySupportedConfigLocations();
	}

	private String[] getCurrentlySupportedConfigLocations() {
		List<String> supportedConfigLocations = new ArrayList<>();
		addTestFiles(supportedConfigLocations);
		supportedConfigLocations.add("log4j2.properties");
		if (isClassAvailable("com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.yaml.YAMLParser")) {
			Collections.addAll(supportedConfigLocations, "log4j2.yaml", "log4j2.yml");
		}
		if (isClassAvailable("com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper")) {
			Collections.addAll(supportedConfigLocations, "log4j2.json", "log4j2.jsn");
		}
		supportedConfigLocations.add("log4j2.xml");
		return StringUtils.toStringArray(supportedConfigLocations);
	}

Slf4j适配

常见的使用方式

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LogTest.class);

LoggerFactory#getLogger()，获取日志工厂，执行初始化。初始化之后执行StaticLoggerBinder.getSingleton().getLoggerFactory();。

    public static Logger getLogger(String name) {
        ILoggerFactory iLoggerFactory = getILoggerFactory();
        return iLoggerFactory.getLogger(name);
    }

    public static ILoggerFactory getILoggerFactory() {
        if (INITIALIZATION_STATE == 0) {
            Class var0 = LoggerFactory.class;
            synchronized(LoggerFactory.class) {
                if (INITIALIZATION_STATE == 0) {
                    INITIALIZATION_STATE = 1;
                    performInitialization();
                }
            }
        }

        switch(INITIALIZATION_STATE) {
        case 1:
            return SUBST_FACTORY;
        case 2:
            throw new IllegalStateException("org.slf4j.LoggerFactory in failed state. Original exception was thrown EARLIER. See also http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#unsuccessfulInit");
        case 3:
            return StaticLoggerBinder.getSingleton().getLoggerFactory();
        case 4:
            return NOP_FALLBACK_FACTORY;
        default:
            throw new IllegalStateException("Unreachable code");
        }
    }

    private static final void performInitialization() {
        bind();
        if (INITIALIZATION_STATE == 3) {
            versionSanityCheck();
        }
    }

LoggerFactory#bind，找到合适的StaticLoggerBinder，进行初始化。

    private final static void bind() {
        try {
            Set<URL> staticLoggerBinderPathSet = null;
            // skip check under android, see also
            // http://jira.qos.ch/browse/SLF4J-328
            if (!isAndroid()) {
                staticLoggerBinderPathSet = findPossibleStaticLoggerBinderPathSet();
                reportMultipleBindingAmbiguity(staticLoggerBinderPathSet);
            }
            // the next line does the binding
            StaticLoggerBinder.getSingleton();
            INITIALIZATION_STATE = SUCCESSFUL_INITIALIZATION;
            reportActualBinding(staticLoggerBinderPathSet);
        } catch (NoClassDefFoundError ncde) {
            String msg = ncde.getMessage();
            if (messageContainsOrgSlf4jImplStaticLoggerBinder(msg)) {
                INITIALIZATION_STATE = NOP_FALLBACK_INITIALIZATION;
                Util.report("Failed to load class \"org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder\".");
                Util.report("Defaulting to no-operation (NOP) logger implementation");
                Util.report("See " + NO_STATICLOGGERBINDER_URL + " for further details.");
            } else {
                failedBinding(ncde);
                throw ncde;
            }
        } catch (java.lang.NoSuchMethodError nsme) {
            String msg = nsme.getMessage();
            if (msg != null && msg.contains("org.slf4j.impl.StaticLoggerBinder.getSingleton()")) {
                INITIALIZATION_STATE = FAILED_INITIALIZATION;
                Util.report("slf4j-api 1.6.x (or later) is incompatible with this binding.");
                Util.report("Your binding is version 1.5.5 or earlier.");
                Util.report("Upgrade your binding to version 1.6.x.");
            }
            throw nsme;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            failedBinding(e);
            throw new IllegalStateException("Unexpected initialization failure", e);
        } finally {
            postBindCleanUp();
        }
    }

LoggerFactory#findPossibleStaticLoggerBinderPathSet，寻找当前系统中路径是org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class的文件。log4j2和logback分别都有对应的适配实现。

    static Set<URL> findPossibleStaticLoggerBinderPathSet() {
        // use Set instead of list in order to deal with bug #138
        // LinkedHashSet appropriate here because it preserves insertion order
        // during iteration
        Set<URL> staticLoggerBinderPathSet = new LinkedHashSet<URL>();
        try {
            ClassLoader loggerFactoryClassLoader = LoggerFactory.class.getClassLoader();
            Enumeration<URL> paths;
            if (loggerFactoryClassLoader == null) {
                paths = ClassLoader.getSystemResources(STATIC_LOGGER_BINDER_PATH);
            } else {
                paths = loggerFactoryClassLoader.getResources(STATIC_LOGGER_BINDER_PATH);
            }
            while (paths.hasMoreElements()) {
                URL path = paths.nextElement();
                staticLoggerBinderPathSet.add(path);
            }
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
            Util.report("Error getting resources from path", ioe);
        }
        return staticLoggerBinderPathSet;
    }

log4j2适配slf4j

log4j2的适配，获取日志工厂Log4jLoggerFactory，实现了ILoggerFactory。

public final class StaticLoggerBinder implements LoggerFactoryBinder {
    public static String REQUESTED_API_VERSION = "1.6";
    private static final String LOGGER_FACTORY_CLASS_STR = Log4jLoggerFactory.class.getName();
    private static final StaticLoggerBinder SINGLETON = new StaticLoggerBinder();
    private final ILoggerFactory loggerFactory = new Log4jLoggerFactory();

    private StaticLoggerBinder() {
    }

    public static StaticLoggerBinder getSingleton() {
        return SINGLETON;
    }

    public ILoggerFactory getLoggerFactory() {
        return this.loggerFactory;
    }
}

logback适配slf4j

logback初始化，获取ILoggerFactory，返回的是LoggerContext。LoggerContext实现ILoggerFactory。

public class StaticLoggerBinder implements LoggerFactoryBinder {

    /**
     * Declare the version of the SLF4J API this implementation is compiled
     * against. The value of this field is usually modified with each release.
     */
    // to avoid constant folding by the compiler, this field must *not* be final
    public static String REQUESTED_API_VERSION = "1.7.16"; // !final

    final static String NULL_CS_URL = CoreConstants.CODES_URL + "#null_CS";

    /**
     * The unique instance of this class.
     */
    private static StaticLoggerBinder SINGLETON = new StaticLoggerBinder();

    private static Object KEY = new Object();

    static {
        SINGLETON.init();
    }

    private boolean initialized = false;
    private LoggerContext defaultLoggerContext = new LoggerContext();
    private final ContextSelectorStaticBinder contextSelectorBinder = ContextSelectorStaticBinder.getSingleton();

    private StaticLoggerBinder() {
        defaultLoggerContext.setName(CoreConstants.DEFAULT_CONTEXT_NAME);
    }

    public static StaticLoggerBinder getSingleton() {
        return SINGLETON;
    }

    /**
     * Package access for testing purposes.
     */
    void init() {
        try {
            try {
                new ContextInitializer(defaultLoggerContext).autoConfig();
            } catch (JoranException je) {
                Util.report("Failed to auto configure default logger context", je);
            }
            // logback-292
            if (!StatusUtil.contextHasStatusListener(defaultLoggerContext)) {
                StatusPrinter.printInCaseOfErrorsOrWarnings(defaultLoggerContext);
            }
            contextSelectorBinder.init(defaultLoggerContext, KEY);
            initialized = true;
        } catch (Exception t) { // see LOGBACK-1159
            Util.report("Failed to instantiate [" + LoggerContext.class.getName() + "]", t);
        }
    }

    public ILoggerFactory getLoggerFactory() {
        if (!initialized) {
            return defaultLoggerContext;
        }

        if (contextSelectorBinder.getContextSelector() == null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("contextSelector cannot be null. See also " + NULL_CS_URL);
        }
        return contextSelectorBinder.getContextSelector().getLoggerContext();
    }

    public String getLoggerFactoryClassStr() {
        return contextSelectorBinder.getClass().getName();
    }

}