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Abp vNext（五）集成MQTTnet，可收发消息

article 2024/11/14 22:07:18

一 前言

MQTT的相关理论内容这里不做过多介绍，请看下面两篇文章：

Introduction · MQTT协议中文版

MQTT协议-CSDN博客

这篇文章只做代码实现，文章中使用MQTTnet作为MQTT开发的组件。

MQTT分为服务端和客户端，一个服务端对应多个客户端。其中服务端相当于是一台服务器，它是MQTT消息传输的枢纽，负责将MQTT客户端发送来的消息传递给另一个客户端；MQTT服务端还负责管理客户端，确保客户端之间的通讯顺畅，保证MQTT消息得以正确接收和准确投递。

MQTT客户端可以向服务端发布信息，也可以从服务端接受信息，我们把客户端向服务端发送消息的行为称为“发布”消息，客户端也可以“订阅”消息。

二 服务端

服务端可以不用自己开发，有几个常用的第三方服务端，比如EMQ，EMQ怎么使用的，可以查看官网：物联网实时消息引擎 | EMQ

这里不介绍第三方服务，这里具体介绍如何自己动手开发服务端。

1、添加MQTTnet引用

新建一个控制台应用程序，打开NuGet程序包，添加MQTTnet，版本选择3.0.13，选择版本这里要注意一下，不同的版本实现方式不同，下面的实现代码中，如果选择高版本，可能会有异常。

2、代码实现

 不啰嗦，直接上代码

using MQTTnet;
using MQTTnet.Client;
using MQTTnet.Client.Receiving;
using MQTTnet.Protocol;
using MQTTnet.Server;
using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApp2
{
    internal class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            MqttServerClass serverClass = new MqttServerClass();
            serverClass.StartMqttServer().Wait();
            Console.ReadLine();
        }


    }

    public static class Config
    {
        public static int Port { get; set; } = 1883;
        public static string UserName { get; set; } = "Username";
        public static string Password { get; set; } = "Password";

    }
    public class UserInstance
    {
        public string ClientId { get; set; }
        public string UserName { get; set; }
        public string Password { get; set; }
    }
    public class MqttServerClass
    {
        private IMqttServer mqttServer;
        private List<MqttApplicationMessage> messages = new List<MqttApplicationMessage>();

        public async Task StartMqttServer()
        {
            try
            {
                if (mqttServer == null)
                {
                    var optionsBuilder = new MqttServerOptionsBuilder()
                    .WithDefaultEndpoint()
                    .WithDefaultEndpointPort(Config.Port)
                    //连接拦截器
                    .WithConnectionValidator(
                        c =>
                        {
                            //var flag = c.Username == Config.UserName && c.Password == Config.Password;
                            //if (!flag)
                            //{
                            //    c.ReasonCode = MqttConnectReasonCode.BadUserNameOrPassword;
                            //    return;
                            //}
                            //设置代码为 Success
                            c.ReasonCode = MqttConnectReasonCode.Success;
                            //instances.Add(new UserInstance()  //缓存到内存的List集合当中
                            //{
                            //    ClientId = c.ClientId,
                            //    UserName = c.Username,
                            //    Password = c.Password
                            //});
                        })
                    //订阅拦截器
                    .WithSubscriptionInterceptor(
                        c =>
                        {
                            if (c == null) return;
                            c.AcceptSubscription = true;
                        })
                    //应用程序消息拦截器
                    .WithApplicationMessageInterceptor(
                        c =>
                        {
                            if (c == null) return;
                            c.AcceptPublish = true;
                        })
                   //clean session是否生效
                   .WithPersistentSessions();

                    mqttServer = new MqttFactory().CreateMqttServer();

                    //客户端断开连接拦截器
                    //mqttServer.UseClientDisconnectedHandler(c =>
                    //{
                    //    //var user = instances.FirstOrDefault(t => t.ClientId == c.ClientId);
                    //    //if (user != null)
                    //    //{
                    //    //    instances.Remove(user);
                    //    //}
                    //});

                    //服务开始
                    mqttServer.StartedHandler = new MqttServerStartedHandlerDelegate(OnMqttServerStarted);
                    //服务停止
                    mqttServer.StoppedHandler = new MqttServerStoppedHandlerDelegate(OnMqttServerStopped);
                    //客户端连接
                    mqttServer.ClientConnectedHandler = new MqttServerClientConnectedHandlerDelegate(OnMqttServerClientConnected);
                    //客户端断开连接（此事件会覆盖拦截器）
                    mqttServer.ClientDisconnectedHandler = new MqttServerClientDisconnectedHandlerDelegate(OnMqttServerClientDisconnected);
                    //客户端订阅
                    mqttServer.ClientSubscribedTopicHandler = new MqttServerClientSubscribedHandlerDelegate(OnMqttServerClientSubscribedTopic);
                    //客户端取消订阅
                    mqttServer.ClientUnsubscribedTopicHandler = new MqttServerClientUnsubscribedTopicHandlerDelegate(OnMqttServerClientUnsubscribedTopic);
                    //服务端收到消息
                    mqttServer.ApplicationMessageReceivedHandler = new MqttApplicationMessageReceivedHandlerDelegate(OnMqttServerApplicationMessageReceived);

                    await mqttServer.StartAsync(optionsBuilder.Build());

                    //主动发送消息到客户端
                    //await mqttServer.PublishAsync(new
                    //     MqttApplicationMessage
                    //{
                    //    Topic = "testtopic",
                    //    Payload = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("dsdsd")
                    //});
                    //mqttServer.GetClientStatusAsync();
                    //mqttServer.GetRetainedApplicationMessagesAsync();
                    //mqttServer.GetSessionStatusAsync();

                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"MQTT Server start fail.>{ex.Message}");
            }
        }
        private void OnMqttServerStarted(EventArgs e)
        {
            if (mqttServer.IsStarted)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("MQTT服务启动完成！");
            }
        }
        private void OnMqttServerStopped(EventArgs e)
        {
            if (!mqttServer.IsStarted)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("MQTT服务停止完成！");
            }
        }
        private void OnMqttServerClientConnected(MqttServerClientConnectedEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"客户端[{e.ClientId}]已连接");
        }
        private void OnMqttServerClientDisconnected(MqttServerClientDisconnectedEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"客户端[{e.ClientId}]已断开连接！");
        }
        private void OnMqttServerClientSubscribedTopic(MqttServerClientSubscribedTopicEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"客户端[{e.ClientId}]已成功订阅主题[{e.TopicFilter}]！");
        }
        private void OnMqttServerClientUnsubscribedTopic(MqttServerClientUnsubscribedTopicEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"客户端[{e.ClientId}]已成功取消订阅主题[{e.TopicFilter}]！");
        }
        private void OnMqttServerApplicationMessageReceived(MqttApplicationMessageReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
            messages.Add(e.ApplicationMessage);
            Console.WriteLine(DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:fff"));
            Console.WriteLine($"客户端[{e.ClientId}]>> Topic[{e.ApplicationMessage.Topic}] Payload[{Encoding.UTF8.GetString(e.ApplicationMessage.Payload ?? new byte[] { })}] Qos[{e.ApplicationMessage.QualityOfServiceLevel}] Retain[{e.ApplicationMessage.Retain}]");
        }
    }


}

三 客户端

客户端可以做成一个独立的项目，如果有什么地方需要调用比如发送消息的方法，可以直接引用MQTT服务直接进行调用，当然这是其中一个思路，我目前把MQTT服务放在了Application项目中，具体的实现思路就不细聊了，看官方文档吧，我这里直接上代码，主打一个拿来就用。

注意：

1、先启动mqtt服务端，在启动客户端，同时客户端配置文件appsetting.json中MqttHost配置要加上，节点MqttHost中无值，MQTT客户端不启用，目前主题是固定的testTopic

2、项目即可发送消息，又可接收消息

先看项目结构

1、appsettings.json增加配置节点

HttpApi.Host项目中的appsettings.json增加MQTT相关配置节点

"MqttSettingsProvider": {
  "BrokerHostSettings": {
    "MqttHost": "", //localhost //服务端ip
    "MqttPort": 1883  //服务端端口
  },
  "ClientSettings": {
    "ClientId": "5eb020f043ba8930506acbdd2",
    "UserName": "",
    "Password": ""
  },
  "TopicName": "testTopic"
}

2、添加MQTTnet引用

在Application项目中通过NuGet包添加MQTTnet引用，版本与服务端保持一致3.0.13

3、代码示例

下面的代码示例不是按代码书写顺序来的，为了方便写文档，直接按文件顺序粘贴代码

Application→MqttServer→AspCoreMqttClientOptionBuilder.cs

using MQTTnet.Client.Options;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace WMSInterface.MqttServer
{
    public class AspCoreMqttClientOptionBuilder : MqttClientOptionsBuilder
    {
        public IServiceProvider ServiceProvider { get; }

        public AspCoreMqttClientOptionBuilder(IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
        {
            ServiceProvider = serviceProvider;
        }
    }
}

Application→MqttServer→BrokerHostSettings.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace WMSInterface.MqttServer
{
    public class BrokerHostSettings
    {
        public string MqttHost { get; set; }

        public int MqttPort { get; set; }
    }
}

Application→MqttServer→ClientSettings.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace WMSInterface.MqttServer
{
    public class ClientSettings
    {
        public string ClientId { get; set; }

        public string UserName { get; set; }

        public string Password { get; set; }
    }
}

Application→MqttServer→IMessageSendService.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace WMSInterface.MqttServer
{
    public interface IMessageSendService
    {
        int Order { get; }

       Task SendMessage(MessageContext context);
    }
}

Application→MqttServer→IMqttClientService.cs

using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using MQTTnet.Client.Connecting;
using MQTTnet.Client.Disconnecting;
using MQTTnet.Client.Receiving;


namespace WMSInterface.MqttServer
{
    public interface IMqttClientService : IHostedService, IMqttClientConnectedHandler, IMqttClientDisconnectedHandler, IMqttApplicationMessageReceivedHandler
    {
        Task Publish(string topicName, string message);
    }
}

Application→MqttServer→MessageContext.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace WMSInterface.MqttServer
{
    public class MessageContext
    {
        public string TopicName { get; set; }

        public string Title { get; set; }

        public string Content { get; set; }

        //public IList<UserModel> UserList { get; set; } = new List<UserModel>();


        public string[] Users { get; set; }

        public string ObjId { get; set; }

    }
}

Application→MqttServer→MqttClientService.cs

using MQTTnet.Client;
using MQTTnet.Protocol;
using MQTTnet;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Volo.Abp.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using MQTTnet.Server;
using System.Threading;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using MQTTnet.Client.Connecting;
using MQTTnet.Client.Disconnecting;
using MQTTnet.Client.Receiving;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using MQTTnet.Client.Options;
using WMSInterface.Server;

namespace WMSInterface.MqttServer
{
    public class MqttClientService : IMqttClientService, IHostedService, IMqttClientConnectedHandler, IMqttClientDisconnectedHandler, IMqttApplicationMessageReceivedHandler
    {
        private IMqttClient mqttClient;

        private IMqttClientOptions options;

        private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;

        public MqttClientService(IMqttClientOptions options, IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
        {
            this.options = options;
            _serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
            mqttClient = new MqttFactory().CreateMqttClient();
            ConfigureMqttClient();
        }

        private void ConfigureMqttClient()
        {
            mqttClient.ConnectedHandler = this;
            mqttClient.DisconnectedHandler = this;
            mqttClient.ApplicationMessageReceivedHandler = this;
        }

        public async Task HandleApplicationMessageReceivedAsync(MqttApplicationMessageReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
            IEnumerable<IMqttMessageHandler> handlers = _serviceProvider.GetServices<IMqttMessageHandler>();
            foreach (IMqttMessageHandler handler in handlers)
            {
                await handler.HandleMessage(e.ApplicationMessage.Topic, e.ApplicationMessage.Payload);
            }
        }

        public async Task Publish(string topicName, string message)
        {
            string topic = topicName.Trim();
            string msg = message.Trim();
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(topic))
            {
                Console.Write("主题不能为空！");
            }
            else if (!mqttClient.IsConnected)
            {
                Console.Write("MQTT客户端尚未连接！");
            }
            else
            {
                await MqttClientExtensions.PublishAsync(applicationMessage: new MqttApplicationMessageBuilder()
                    .WithTopic(topic)
                    .WithPayload(msg)
                    .WithAtMostOnceQoS()
                    .WithRetainFlag(value: false)
                    .Build(), client: mqttClient);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 订阅连接成功事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="eventArgs"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task HandleConnectedAsync(MqttClientConnectedEventArgs eventArgs)
        {
            await mqttClient.SubscribeAsync("testTopic");
            //...可订阅多个主题
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 订阅断开连接事件
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="eventArgs"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public async Task HandleDisconnectedAsync(MqttClientDisconnectedEventArgs eventArgs)
        {
            await mqttClient.UnsubscribeAsync("testTopic");
            //尝试重新连接
            //await mqttClient.ConnectAsync(options);
        }

        public async Task StartAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            await mqttClient.ConnectAsync(options);
            if (!mqttClient.IsConnected)
            {
                await mqttClient.ReconnectAsync();
            }
        }

        public async Task StopAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            if (cancellationToken.IsCancellationRequested)
            {
                MqttClientDisconnectOptions disconnectOption = new MqttClientDisconnectOptions
                {
                    ReasonCode = MqttClientDisconnectReason.NormalDisconnection,
                    ReasonString = "NormalDiconnection"
                };
                await mqttClient.DisconnectAsync(disconnectOption, cancellationToken);
            }
            await mqttClient.DisconnectAsync();
        }

    }
}

Application→MqttServer→MqttClientServiceProvider.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace WMSInterface.MqttServer
{
    public class MqttClientServiceProvider
    {
        public readonly IMqttClientService MqttClientService;

        public MqttClientServiceProvider(IMqttClientService mqttClientService)
        {
            MqttClientService = mqttClientService;
        }
    }
}

Application→MqttServer→MqttMessageService.cs

using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace WMSInterface.MqttServer
{
    public class MqttMessageService : IMessageSendService
    {
        private string _topicName = string.Empty;
        private readonly IMqttClientService _mqttClientService;
        private readonly ILogger<MqttMessageService> _logger;
        private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;

        public int Order => 0;

        public MqttMessageService(MqttClientServiceProvider mqttClientServiceProvider, 
            ILogger<MqttMessageService> logger, 
            IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            _mqttClientService = mqttClientServiceProvider.MqttClientService;
            _logger = logger;
            _configuration = configuration;
            _topicName = configuration["MqttSettingsProvider:TopicName"];
        }

        public Task SendMessage(MessageContext context)
        {
            try
            {
                if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(context.Content))
                {
                    var content = new
                    {
                        content = context.Content,
                        //users = context.UserList.Select((UserModel m) => m.Id.ToString()).ToList()
                    };
                    _mqttClientService.Publish(_topicName, JsonConvert.SerializeObject(content));
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                _logger.LogError(e, "MQTT发送消息错误。");
            }
            return Task.CompletedTask;
        }
    }
}

Application→MqttServer→MqttServerModule.cs

注意：这里跟配置文件appsettings.json中的节点MqttHost有关联，MqttHost为空，不启动MQTT客户端服务，MqttHost不为空，会客户端会连接服务端。

using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.Extensions;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Volo.Abp.Modularity;

namespace WMSInterface.MqttServer
{
    public class MqttServerModule : AbpModule
    {
        public override void ConfigureServices(ServiceConfigurationContext context)
        {
            IConfiguration configuration = context.Services.GetConfiguration();
            MqttSettingsProvider mqttSettingsProvider = configuration.GetSection("MqttSettingsProvider").Get<MqttSettingsProvider>();
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(mqttSettingsProvider.BrokerHostSettings?.MqttHost))
            {
                context.Services.AddMqttClientHostedService(mqttSettingsProvider);
                context.Services.TryAddEnumerable(ServiceDescriptor.Transient<IMessageSendService, MqttMessageService>());
            }
        }
    }
}

Application→MqttServer→MqttServiceCollectionExtension.cs

using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace WMSInterface.MqttServer
{
    public static class MqttServiceCollectionExtension
    {
        public static IServiceCollection AddMqttClientHostedService(this IServiceCollection services, MqttSettingsProvider mqttSettingsProvider)
        {
            AddMqttClientServiceWithConfig(services, delegate (AspCoreMqttClientOptionBuilder aspOptionBuilder)
            {
                IConfiguration configuration = services.GetConfiguration();
                aspOptionBuilder
                .WithCredentials(mqttSettingsProvider.ClientSettings.UserName, mqttSettingsProvider.ClientSettings.Password)
                .WithClientId(mqttSettingsProvider.ClientSettings.ClientId)
                .WithTcpServer(mqttSettingsProvider.BrokerHostSettings.MqttHost);
            });
            return services;
        }

        private static IServiceCollection AddMqttClientServiceWithConfig(this IServiceCollection services, Action<AspCoreMqttClientOptionBuilder> configure)
        {
            services.AddSingleton(delegate (IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
            {
                AspCoreMqttClientOptionBuilder aspCoreMqttClientOptionBuilder = new AspCoreMqttClientOptionBuilder(serviceProvider);
                configure(aspCoreMqttClientOptionBuilder);
                return aspCoreMqttClientOptionBuilder.Build();
            });
            services.AddSingleton<MqttClientService>();
            services.AddSingleton((Func<IServiceProvider, IHostedService>)((IServiceProvider serviceProvider) => serviceProvider.GetService<MqttClientService>()));
            services.AddSingleton(delegate (IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
            {
                MqttClientService service = serviceProvider.GetService<MqttClientService>();
                return new MqttClientServiceProvider(service);
            });
            return services;
        }
    }
}

Application→MqttServer→MqttSettingsProvider.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace WMSInterface.MqttServer
{
    public class MqttSettingsProvider
    {
        public BrokerHostSettings BrokerHostSettings { get; set; }

        public ClientSettings ClientSettings { get; set; }
    }
}

Application→Server→IMqttMessageHandler.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace WMSInterface.Server
{
    public interface IMqttMessageHandler
    {
        Task HandleMessage(string topic, byte[] data);
    }
}

Application→Server→MqttMessageHandler.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Volo.Abp.DependencyInjection;

namespace WMSInterface.Server
{
    public class MqttMessageHandler: IMqttMessageHandler,ITransientDependency
    {
       public async Task HandleMessage(string topic, byte[] data)
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(topic) || data != null)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"接收到的主题：{topic}，消息：{Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data)}");
            }
        }
    }
}

xx.HttpApi.Host→xxHttpApiHostModule.cs

typeof(MqttServerModule)

MQTT客户端发送消息代码示例

xx.HttpApi→Controllers→MqttController.cs

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using WMSInterface.MqttServer;

namespace WMSInterface.Controllers
{
    /// <summary>
    /// mqtt
    /// </summary>
    [ApiController]
    [Route("api/[controller]/[action]")]
    public class MqttController : AbpController
    {
        private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;
        private readonly IMessageSendService _messageSendService;

        public MqttController(IConfiguration configuration, 
            IMessageSendService messageSendService)
        {
            _configuration = configuration;
            _messageSendService = messageSendService;
        }

        #region 发送消息
        /// <summary>
        /// 发送消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="body"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPost]
        public async Task<IActionResult> SendAsync(MessageContext body)
        {
            await _messageSendService.SendMessage(body);
            return Ok("ok");
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

四  MQTT收发消息测试

下载MQTTX工具进行MQTT消息的测试，使用方法就不具体介绍了，基本上是拿来就用

MQTTX：全功能 MQTT 客户端工具

发送消息入口

接收消息示例

五 结尾

本文章不做MQTT科普，默认具有一定的MQTT认知，主要目的是让大家可以直接在abp框架中快速集成MQTT


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