asp.net framework从webform开始创建mvc项目

新建web 应用程序

最简单的方式是手动选择一下，这里就不演示了

记录一下最初的web.config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
  有关如何配置 ASP.NET 应用程序的详细信息，请访问
  https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=169433
-->
<configuration>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.8.1" />
    <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.8.1" />
  </system.web>
  <system.codedom>
    <compilers>
      <compiler language="c#;cs;csharp" extension=".cs" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.CSharpCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=2.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:default /nowarn:1659;1699;1701" />
      <compiler language="vb;vbs;visualbasic;vbscript" extension=".vb" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.VBCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=2.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:default /nowarn:41008 /define:_MYTYPE=\&quot;Web\&quot; /optionInfer+" />
    </compilers>
  </system.codedom>
</configuration>

安装需要的包

只需要安装Microsoft.AspNet.Mvc 5.3.0即可

修改web.config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
	<!--手动新增appSettings，其他都是安装包之后自动生成的-->
	<appSettings>
		<add key="webpages:Version" value="3.0.0.0" />
		<add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />
		<add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" />
		<add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" />
	</appSettings>
	<system.web>
		<compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.8.1" />
		<httpRuntime targetFramework="4.8.1" />
	</system.web>
	<runtime>
		<assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
			<dependentAssembly>
				<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
				<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />
			</dependentAssembly>
			<dependentAssembly>
				<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
				<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />
			</dependentAssembly>
			<dependentAssembly>
				<assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
				<bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-5.3.0.0" newVersion="5.3.0.0" />
			</dependentAssembly>
		</assemblyBinding>
	</runtime>
	<system.codedom>
		<compilers>
			<compiler language="c#;cs;csharp" extension=".cs" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:default /nowarn:1659;1699;1701;612;618" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.CSharpCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=4.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" />
			<compiler language="vb;vbs;visualbasic;vbscript" extension=".vb" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:default /nowarn:41008,40000,40008 /define:_MYTYPE=\&quot;Web\&quot; /optionInfer+" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.VBCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=4.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" />
		</compilers>
	</system.codedom>
</configuration>

添加代码

新建App_Start文件夹，该文件下新建RouteConfig

using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Routing;

namespace WebApplication7
{
    public class RouteConfig
    {
        public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
        {
            routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");

            routes.MapRoute(
                name: "Default",
                url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
                defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
            );
        }
    }
}

添加Global.asax

using System;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Routing;

namespace WebApplication7
{
    public class Global : System.Web.HttpApplication
    {

        protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
            RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
        }
    }
}

新建Controllers文件夹，该文件下新建HomeController

using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace WebApplication7.Controllers
{
    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 首页
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpGet]
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            return View();
        }
    }
}

新建Views文件夹，该文件夹下新增Home和Shared文件夹，View下新建web.config

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <sectionGroup name="system.web.webPages.razor" type="System.Web.WebPages.Razor.Configuration.RazorWebSectionGroup, System.Web.WebPages.Razor, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35">
      <section name="host" type="System.Web.WebPages.Razor.Configuration.HostSection, System.Web.WebPages.Razor, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" />
      <section name="pages" type="System.Web.WebPages.Razor.Configuration.RazorPagesSection, System.Web.WebPages.Razor, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" />
    </sectionGroup>
  </configSections>

  <system.web.webPages.razor>
    <host factoryType="System.Web.Mvc.MvcWebRazorHostFactory, System.Web.Mvc, Version=5.3.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" />
    <pages pageBaseType="System.Web.Mvc.WebViewPage">
      <namespaces>
        <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc" />
        <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Ajax" />
        <add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Html" />
        <add namespace="System.Web.Routing" />
        <!--这个是自己的项目命名空间可以不加-->
        <add namespace="WebApplication7" />
      </namespaces>
    </pages>
  </system.web.webPages.razor>

  <appSettings>
    <add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />
  </appSettings>

  <system.webServer>
    <handlers>
      <remove name="BlockViewHandler"/>
      <add name="BlockViewHandler" path="*" verb="*" preCondition="integratedMode" type="System.Web.HttpNotFoundHandler" />
    </handlers>
  </system.webServer>

  <system.web>
    <compilation>
      <assemblies>
        <add assembly="System.Web.Mvc, Version=5.3.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" />
      </assemblies>
    </compilation>
  </system.web>
</configuration>

Shared下新建_Layout.cshtml

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="zh">
<head>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
    <title>@ViewBag.Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        @RenderBody()
    </div>
</body>
</html>

Home下新建index.cshtml

@{
    Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml";
}
@{ 
    string hello = "Hello World";
}
<h1>@hello</h1>