ubuntu 20.04 NVIDIA驱动、cuda、cuDNN安装

1. NVIDIA驱动

系统设置->软件和更新->附加驱动->选择NVIDIA驱动->应用更改。该界面会自动根据电脑上的GPU显示推荐的NVIDIA显卡驱动。

运行nvidia-smi:

NVIDIA-SMI has failed because it couldn't communicate with the NVIDIA driver. Make sure that the latest NVIDIA driver is installed and running.

1.1 使用nvcc -V检查驱动和cuda：

Command 'nvcc' not found, but can be installed with:

sudo apt install nvidia-cuda-toolkit

运行：

sudo apt install nvidia-cuda-toolkit

再次运行nvcc -V，出现:

nvcc: NVIDIA (R) Cuda compiler driver
Copyright (c) 2005-2019 NVIDIA Corporation
Built on Sun_Jul_28_19:07:16_PDT_2019
Cuda compilation tools, release 10.1, V10.1.243

证明驱动是存在的，于是进行下一步。

1.2 检查是否已安装 NVIDIA 驱动：

dpkg -l | grep nvidia

出现

ii  libnvidia-cfg1-535:amd64                    535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           amd64        NVIDIA binary OpenGL/GLX configuration library
ii  libnvidia-common-535                        535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           all          Shared files used by the NVIDIA libraries
ii  libnvidia-compute-535:amd64                 535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           amd64        NVIDIA libcompute package
ii  libnvidia-compute-535:i386                  535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           i386         NVIDIA libcompute package
ii  libnvidia-decode-535:amd64                  535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           amd64        NVIDIA Video Decoding runtime libraries
ii  libnvidia-decode-535:i386                   535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           i386         NVIDIA Video Decoding runtime libraries
ii  libnvidia-encode-535:amd64                  535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           amd64        NVENC Video Encoding runtime library
ii  libnvidia-encode-535:i386                   535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           i386         NVENC Video Encoding runtime library
ii  libnvidia-extra-535:amd64                   535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           amd64        Extra libraries for the NVIDIA driver
ii  libnvidia-fbc1-535:amd64                    535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           amd64        NVIDIA OpenGL-based Framebuffer Capture runtime library
ii  libnvidia-fbc1-535:i386                     535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           i386         NVIDIA OpenGL-based Framebuffer Capture runtime library
ii  libnvidia-gl-535:amd64                      535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           amd64        NVIDIA OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES GLVND libraries and Vulkan ICD
ii  libnvidia-gl-535:i386                       535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           i386         NVIDIA OpenGL/GLX/EGL/GLES GLVND libraries and Vulkan ICD
ii  libnvidia-ml-dev                            10.1.243-3                            amd64        NVIDIA Management Library (NVML) development files
ii  nvidia-compute-utils-535                    535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           amd64        NVIDIA compute utilities
ii  nvidia-cuda-dev                             10.1.243-3                            amd64        NVIDIA CUDA development files
ii  nvidia-cuda-doc                             10.1.243-3                            all          NVIDIA CUDA and OpenCL documentation
ii  nvidia-cuda-gdb                             10.1.243-3                            amd64        NVIDIA CUDA Debugger (GDB)
ii  nvidia-cuda-toolkit                         10.1.243-3                            amd64        NVIDIA CUDA development toolkit
ii  nvidia-dkms-535                             535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           amd64        NVIDIA DKMS package
ii  nvidia-driver-535                           535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           amd64        NVIDIA driver metapackage
ii  nvidia-firmware-535-535.183.01              535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           amd64        Firmware files used by the kernel module
ii  nvidia-kernel-common-535                    535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           amd64        Shared files used with the kernel module
ii  nvidia-kernel-source-535                    535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           amd64        NVIDIA kernel source package
ii  nvidia-opencl-dev:amd64                     10.1.243-3                            amd64        NVIDIA OpenCL development files
ii  nvidia-prime                                0.8.16~0.20.04.2                      all          Tools to enable NVIDIA's Prime
ii  nvidia-profiler                             10.1.243-3                            amd64        NVIDIA Profiler for CUDA and OpenCL
ii  nvidia-settings                             470.57.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.3            amd64        Tool for configuring the NVIDIA graphics driver
ii  nvidia-utils-535                            535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           amd64        NVIDIA driver support binaries
ii  nvidia-visual-profiler                      10.1.243-3                            amd64        NVIDIA Visual Profiler for CUDA and OpenCL
ii  screen-resolution-extra                     0.18build1                            all          Extension for the nvidia-settings control panel
ii  xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-535               535.183.01-0ubuntu0.20.04.1           amd64        NVIDIA binary Xorg driver

说明已安装NVIDIA 驱动。

1.3 查看已安装驱动的版本信息

ls /usr/src | grep nvidia

出现驱动版本信息nvidia-535.183.01。

1.4 安装 DKMS 工具，帮助自动重新编译和安装NVIDIA 驱动程序的内核模块

sudo apt-get install dkms

1.5 安装或重新安装特定版本（535.183.01）的 NVIDIA 驱动模块

错误…… 回到第一步，设置更换驱动后一定要重启！！！！或运行命令sudo reboot。

1.6 运行sudo reboot后，再次nvidia-smi

成功！

2. CUDA

2.1 首先查看cuda是否安装：

运行nvcc -V：

nvcc: NVIDIA (R) Cuda compiler driver
Copyright (c) 2005-2019 NVIDIA Corporation
Built on Sun_Jul_28_19:07:16_PDT_2019
Cuda compilation tools, release 10.1, V10.1.243

没有安装cuda。

2.2 参考1

2.3 参考2

2.4 查看CUDA版本

cat /usr/local/cuda/version.txt

2.5 查看cuDNN版本

cat /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn.h | grep CUDNN_MAJOR -A 2